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ESSEX INSTITUTE 



HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS. 



VOLUME XV. 



1878. 





SALEM : 

PRINTED FOR THE ESSEX INSTITUTB. 
1379. 



< 



y 



CONTENTS. 



PARTS I, II. 

Notice of the Perkins Arms in England, communicated by Aug. 
T. TKRh-INS, 1 

Kecord of deaths from gravestones in Rowley, including all 
before 1800, communicated by Gkoijgk B. Bi.odgettk, . . H 

Memorial of John Clarke Lee, by Rev. E. B. Willson, . . 35 

Copy of a fragment of an Account Book kept by Gibson Clough, 
communicated by William G. Baktox, .... C3 

Notes and extracts from the Records of the First Church of Sa- 
lem, 1029-1731;, communicated by Jamks A. Em.meuton, M. I)., 70 

Parish list of Deaths begun 1785; i*ecorded by Rfa'. William 
Bentley, D. D., of the East Church, Salem, Mass. (continued), 
communicated by Ira J. Fatcii, 8G 



PARTS III, IV. 

An Account of the Commemoration, by the Essex Institute, of 
the Fifth Ilalf-century of the Landing of John Endicott in 

Salem, 

Intjioductiox, 

EXEKCISES AT MECHANIC HaLL, 

ExEKCisKS AT Hamilton Hall, 
Address of Henry Wheatland, 
Remarks by Edwin C. BoUes, . 
Response of Governor A. H. Rice, 
Response of Mayor Henry Iv. Oliver, 
Response of Robert C. Winthrop, . 
Response of Marshall P. Wilder, 
Response of Dean Stanley, . 
Letter from Chief Justice Gray, 
Response of William C. Endicott, 
Response of Leverett Saltonstall, . 
Response by Benjamin Peirce, 

(V) 



101 
103 
105 
113 
IH 

lis 

119 
IL'2 
V2C, 
i:33 
111 
Ml 
145 
117 
151 



VI 



CONTENTS. 



Response by George B. Loring, 155 

Response by Fielder Israel, 164 

Response by Joseph H. Choate, 166 

Response by Benjamin H. Silsbee, 175 

Address of E. S. Atwood, 181 

Selections from Correspondence 185 

From Joseph H. Towne, Milwaukee, Wn., ... 185 
From Hugh Blair Grigsby, Edgehill, near Charlotte Court 

House, Va., 186 

From Charles Levi Woodbury, Boston, . . . .188 
From L. G. M. Ramsay, Knoxville, Tenn., . . . 189 
From John G. Whittier, West Ossipee, N. H., . . . 190 
From Peter L. Foy, St. Louis, Mo., .... 191 

From David King, Newport, R. I., 192 

From John C. Holmes, Detroit, Mich., .... 194 

Poem by Charles T. Brooks, 195 

Ode by William W. Story, 217 

Oration by William C. Endicott, 243 

Appendix, 281 

Notes on the Remarks of Henry Wheatland, George B. 

Loring, and Benjamin H. Silsbee, with notices of the 

following, 283 

Joseph Story, 283. Joseph E. Sprague, 293. 

Edward A. Holyoke, 284. John G. King, 294. 

Joseph G. Waters, 284. David Cummins, 294. 

Timothy Pickering, 284. Frederick Howes, 294. 

B. W. Crowninshield, 285. John AValsh, 295. 

Nathaniel Silsbee, 285. Ebenezer Shillaber, 295. 

Rufus Choate, 286. Asahel Huntington, 295. 

Benjamin Pickman, 286. Stephen P. Webb, 296. 

William Reed, 287. John Prince, 296, 

Daniel A. White, 287. Brown Emerson, 297. 

Gideon Barstow, 288. Lucius Bolles, 297. 

Gayton P. Osgood, 288. John Brazer, 297. 

Stephen C. Phillips, 288. James Flint, 298. 

Leverett Saltonstall, 289. Joseph B. Felt, 297. 

Daniel P. King, 289. Henry Colman, 298. 

James H. Duncan, 290. Joshua Fisher, 299. 

Charles W. Upham, 290. Andrew Nichols, 299. 

Samuel Putnam, 291. Abel L. Peirson, 300. 

Nathan Dane, 291. Charles G. Putnam, 300. 

Ichabod Tucker, 292. Jacob Ashton, 300. 

John Pickering, 292. Nathaniel Bowditch, 301. 

Benjamin Merrill, 292. George Cleveland, 301. 



CONTENTS. 



Vll 



Charles C. Clarke, 301. 
Pickering: Dodge, 301. 
Pickering Dodge, jr., 302. 
Wiliiani Gibbs, 302. 
Francis Peabody, 302. 
George Peabody, 302. 
William Pickraan, 303. 
Willard Peele. 303. 
Dudley L. Pickman, 303. 
William Proctor, 303. 
Natbauiel L. Rogers, 304. 
Nathaniel Silsbee, jr., 304. 

Notes to the remarks of Dean Stanley, 
Committee of arrangements, . 
Choir under the direction of B. J. Lang, 
List of persons present at the Lunch, 
Historical Events of Salem, 
Index of N.vmes, .... 



John W. Treadwell, 304. 
George A. Ward, 304. 
Jonathan Webb, 304. 
Stephen White, 305. 
Benjamin Goodhue, 305. 
Nathan Reed, 305. 
Jacob Crowniushield, 300 
E. Ilasket Derby, 306. 
William Gray, 307. 
Joseph Peabody, 307. 
John Bertram, 307. 



308 
309 

309 
310 
312 
325 



Errata, 332 



ESSEX INSTITUTE 



HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS. 



VOLUME XV. 



^M 



IVAirrs I, II, JANUARV, AritIL, l; 



j;^l "' ^,;,, . 






SALEM: 

PRINTED KOU TlIK ESSKX INSlirUTK. 

1878. 



HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 

OF THE 

ESSEX INSTITUTE. 

Vol. XV. January and April, 1878. Nos. 1, 2. 
NOTICE OF THE PERKINS ARMS IN ENGLAND. 

EXTRACTS FROM A LETTER FROM MANSFIELD PARKYNS, 
ESQ., OF LONDON, TO W. H. TURNER, ESQ., OF OXFORD. 



COMMUNICATED BY AUG. T. PERKINS, ESQ. 



"There are several branches of the family of Perkins 
who bear or have borne an eagle for arms. But there is 
a very important distinction to be observed in these vari- 
ous coats. 

If you turn to my own family in the list of baronets at 
end of Guillim's Display, 6th edition (or 5th?), you will 
find the arms thus given (from memory) : 

"He beareth or : a fess dancette between 10 billets er- 
mines but of late times argent an Eagle displayed sable, 
in a canton or a fess dancettee, etc., etc." 

Or as it might be blazoned : 

"Argent an eagle displaj^ed sable, a canton of Parkyns 
ancient." 

You will find this ancient coat in the church of All- 

HIST. COLL. XV 1 (1) 



hallows in your "Oxfordshire Church Notes." And on 
turning to the Visitation of Berks, 1623, and to the Berks 
church notes with Ashmole's Visitation, of which the orig- 
inal is in the Bodl. library, you will find that the Berks 
family bore those arms (though six billets are given in 
the Visitation, ten on the Tombs) quarterly with three 
other coats, the second quarter being sable on a chevron 
between three eagles displayed argent a mullet gules." 
That is the coat I asked you if you could tell me to what 
family it belonged. You have it quartered (mullet and 
all) by John Broke in Gwelwe church and by 3Iarmion 
among Beckingham's quarterings, though on Beckingham's 
tomb it is blazoned the reverse {i. e., argent a chevron 
between three eagles displayed sable). 

I take it to refer to the marriage of William Perkyns 
{fourth in the Visitation of Berks, 1623), whose son 
Thomas died 1478, from whose son John the Berks 
family descended, while my own descended from another 
son, Thomas. 

The two other coats quartered in the Berks pedigree 
refer to later matches with which we had nothing to do. 
Our arms at the period of separation would therefore be 
thus tricked (Fig. 1) : — 

Fig. 1. 



Fig. 2. 





It is easy therefore to guess that, by accident from bad 
drawing, or bad description, or from an imperfect seal, or 
from intention^ the compound coat arose thus (Fig. 2). 



It was 80 blazdiicd in a contirnmtion of a crest to Ricliard 
Parkyns I)}' llervey, Clarencieux, 1559, as arms de- 
scended to him from his ancestors. But it would seem 
that he (Richard Parkyns) took it either as a second coat 
or mistook it for a quartering. 

You will observe this in a pedigree given in the Visita- 
tion of Notts published by the Ilarleian Society, in which 
two shields are given. One, (juarterly ; one and four, 
ancient; two and three, modern. Two, quarterly of sev- 
eral coats ; one, Parkyns ancient ; two, Ishaw of Walmer 
Kent, etc., etc. The modern coat being entirely omitted 
in the later shield. On the tomb of the same Richard 
Parkyns at Honey, Notts (see Thoroton's History of Not- 
tinghamshire), this new coat is placed as a quartering. 
It never was borne in the tirst quarter or alone till the 
visitation of 1664 (Notts), which was attended by my 
ancestors' Steward, who, probably knowing nothing about 
it, produced, as the best proof, the contirmation of crest 
by Hervey, and the arms there blazoned were accepted 
as the correct arms and have since been borne. 

You will therefore see that the point in our arms is the 
cajiton. 

Another family (Worcestershire), being probably a 
branch of ours, of whom there is a short pedigree in the 
Philpott MSS. (Coll. of Arms), bore the same except 
that the canton was sable a fesse dancette or, no billets. 
These were of Worcestershire, but I think migrated to 
Ireland about Charles I or Oliver Cromwell. 

Sir William Parkyns of Marston, Warwickshire, exe- 
cuted for Assassination Plot, seems to have supposed 
himself to belong to us, as he applied in l(uS2 and 
received a grant of an imitative or reverse coat, viz., 
sable an eagle displayed arg. in a canton of the second a 
fesse dancette of the tirst. A family of Steele Perkins, 



of Orton on the Hill, Leicestershire, of whom there is a 
pedigree in Nichol's History of the County, assumed to 
bear that coat on the ground of relationship to the War- 
wickshire ftimily, though if their pedigree is at all right it 
proves they had nothing to do Avith them or the grantee. 

Generally the sketch history of the family, as a rough 
guide to you, may be taken thus : — 

The Pedigree (Berks Visitation, 1623) derives the 
name from Peter or Perkhis Morley, Avho is stated to have 
been "serviens" (according to Selden a higher grade of 
Esquire, but I think probal)ly Steward of the Court) to 
Sir Hugh Despencer (who died 1349). He is mentioned 
in connection with Shipton under Whichwood, one of the 
estates of the Despencers, and was living in the year of 
the poll tax. 

I have not looked him up, nor his son Henry Perldns, 
whose son John Perkins was seneschal to Thomas Despen- 
cer, Eail of Gloucester 21, Richard II. It would seem, 
therefore, that they held a sort of hereditary position as 
stewards of the Despencers, who had enormous estates in 
various counties. It is not surprising that by wills and 
other sources we find the name of Parkins or Perkins in 
close proximity to the principal manors and residences of 
the Despencers, possibly descendants to the steward of 
those manors. 

He, John Parky ns, was acknowledged, temp. Richard 
II, to hold an estate of the manor of Madresfield, by 
fealty and 8 s. 5 d. per annum. Madresfield in Worces- 
tershire adjoins Hanlcy Castle, the principal seat of the 
Despencers. 

1, Edw. IV, he had a grant of land at Shipton under 
Whichwood, another of their former manors forfeited. 
Buscot in Berkshire is not far from Shipton, and close to 
Fairford, another great place of the Despencers. In 



1424, there was a fine between John Collee and Elizabeth 
and William Perkyns (son of John the seneschal), and 
Margaret his wife by which the manor and advowson of 
Uflon Robert (near Reading) and a moiety of lands in 
Buscot and other places and Ufton were settled on Wil- 
liam and Margaret and their heirs (I tliink the Beeking- 
hanis had the manor and advowson of liuscot and the 
other moiety of the lands). Ufton and Buscot belonged 
to the family of Painell and from them to one Thomas 
Calery. That is how the family acquired the Ufton 
estates, which remained some centuries in that branch. 

Thomas Perkins (son of William) appears to have died 
v.p. His eldest son John inherited the Berks estates. 
The property at Madrestield, Worcestershire, i)assed to 
our branch. 

The principal estates of the Despencers went with their 
heiress to "the King-maker, Earl of Warwick," and it 
would seem that the family of Perkins continued to hold 
the position of stewards, or some such position, for in the 
last year of Henry VI, or 1st Edw. IV, Bernard Brocas 
(a Lancastrian) conveys several manors to Richard, earl 
of Warwick, John Lord Montague (the earl's brother), 
Thomas Perkins, P^sq., and three others. 

I take it that from this connection arose the Warwick- 
shire branch before mentioned. William, son of Thomas 

Perkins, married Joanc Reade of near Coventry, 

I. e., near Marston, where was the i)ranch mentioned. 
There is an old pedigree of four generations of the 
Madrestield Branch in the College of Arms, the last 
being Richard Parkyns, my ancestor, who about 1570 
acquired the manors of Boney and Bradmore in Notts, 
partly by marriage, partly by purchase. They of Ma- 
drestield, Worcestershire, married chictly into Hereford- 
shire, where they had also property. 



From them various branches appear to have sprung in 
that and adjacent counties. 

There is a pedigree of six or seven generations in the 
late visitation of Hereford and Monmouthshire of a family 
which, from similarity of names and arms, would probably 
be a branch. They bore or, a bend dancettee between six 
billets, but claimed to bear the arms of Sitsyllt, prince of 
Merioneth as paternally descended from him. By a will, 
there appears to have been some of the name in good 
position, at Bristol, about A. D. 1500. 

From the Berks branch probably descended branches 
found at Guilford and in various parts of Berks, Surrey, 
and in London, but these would not bear the eagle, which 
was borne only, so far as I can ascertain, by the families 
descended or claiming to descend from Madresfield in 
Worcestershire, viz. : Notts, Warwick and Ireland. 

The younger sons of our own branch for the last three 
hundred years have been almost always barristers or sol- 
diers, and hardly any have left sons behind them. 

Thus you would then have all of those who bore an 
eagle, so far as I can learn, except Perkins of Leicester, 
which is in Nichol's History, and I think carried down in 
Burke's Landed Gentry and Commoners. 



Ashmoles MSS. 
852, ful. 301. 



Snperst<>« 
4*, Uich.II. 



Petrus Morley alias : 

Perkins ilc com. 

Salo]ii,i? serviis domini 

Ilugoiiis de Spencer 

domiui dc Shipton 

in Com. Oxen. 



Henricus Perkins — 
Alius Peter. 



Senescliallus 

Tho. Comitis 

Glouceetr'.'l Ric 



J Johnos Perkins armig'r. 
> lllius Heui'ici vixit 
II) 



I Hen. IV. 



Superstes 7 Hen. V 
et 5 Ueu. VI. 



38 Hen. VI 
1460. 



WillQs Perkins ar. 
Alius Johannis. 



Tho. Perkins ar. fll. 

Willielmi ob. ante 

18 Ed. IV. 



I 
Jobes Perkins filius 
Thome. 




Thomas Perkins fll. — Uxor ejus fllia 
Johis. et liajres . . More. 



Ricus Perkins primus 

Alius obiit sine cxitu ejus 

Alia Mompeason. 



Williis Perkins 



zz Uxor ejus fllia 
Wells de Com. 
Soutbt. 



Francisciu Perkins = 
de Uflon in Com . Berks . 
Armiger. 



Anna fllia 
Plowden. 



Edwardus 
Perkins 
2 Alius. 



Franciscus Perkins 

Alius et hacres modo 

superstes l(J2;t. 



Sfargareta fllia Jo. 

Ehton de Catmore 

in Com. Berks arm'r. 



I III 

Franciscus unicus fliius Maria 1. Anna 3. Eli/.abctlia 5- 

et vivens anno 1023. Jaua 2. Francisca 4. Murgareta 6. 



Frnuncls Parkyns. 
I, George Underwood, of Uflon, diil set downc this name Francis Perkins, and 
I testifye Uiia latter pedigree to be true. 



Aehmole MSS. 
851, fol. 201. 




Francis Perkins of - 


r Margaret da. of 


Upton in Com. Berks 


John Eston of 




Catmore in Coin. 




Berks Esquire. 



s I 

Frances 

wife to 

Edward 

Codring- 

ton in 

Com. 

Wilts. 



Mary- 
wife to 

John 
Hide of 
Hide-end 

in Com. 

Berks. 



1 

Winifred 


1 
Francis =^ 


wife to 


Perkins 


Artlmr 


ob. anno 


Mayn- 


1660. 


waring 




ofBeecli 




Hill Esq. 





Francis Perkins 

of Ufton, a3t. 11 

annorum 25 

Martin 1665. 



Certified by Francis Hildesley 
on the behalfe of Francis Perkins 
now in minority. 



Frances youngest 


Anne Elizabeth 


dan. to Henry 


wife of 


Winchecombe 


Wm. Blunt 


of Burghlebury 


of Fee- 


in Com. Berks. 


house 




in Com. 




Berks. 




4. Margaret 




1st wife to 




St. George 




of . . . 




in com. 




Harts 




2ndly to 




Butler of 



Ashm. 850, 22, etc. 
Ufton, 27 Aug., 1666. 

Towards the east end of the chancell on the north side 
is raised a faire and hirsfe stone monument where the 




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I''k(>m I III. ( )kii;i\.\i SiiiNK 

IN A ( IIIMNIA III' nil'. CDINIKV HolsK iH- \IK. A I. IM KklN> 
or ItARNSTAIil.K, MASS. 



9 

statues of Richard Perkius, Esq., and the Lady Mcrwyn 
his wife were made kiieeUng before a dcsko but now 
broken downe. 

FiQ. 5. 

At t}ie To|j of The JVIonumenT fa 
r)iisConr anJ Crest. 



S Si E; § 





RICHARD EARKms. 

Orvt^e two ^^Ulars whicK 6land 
on eaciv T>ide the JVtonumenr. 



^^ 



S2s> 



i44v^ 



V"f^ 



-sS^J 





10 

FiQ. 6. 

OnXhe fore side av€ Th.es e Arnies. 




Owthe yiovT\xsicJe oi ike Mo-nu-nienf. 




OnlKc west end is cut in slorte 
thia Coat of Armes. 



Lower on the same side of the chancell is another large 
arched Monument of stone erected against the wall ; and 




11 



within the arch lyes a man in armor, and his wife on his 
left side. 

TlQ. 7. 




Above is this coat and crest, and under them this short 
inscription : — 

HIC JACET FKAN : PERKINS. 

Si genus a proavis spectas, (pie lector) ab illis 
Bissenus fuit hie, quern lapis iste tegit 
Si virtus candorque parent encomia terris 

Hie habet, ant ca'lis prannia, certus habet 
Jungitur hoc tumulo, quern struxerat Anna marito, 
Corpora divisit Mors sociavit Amor. 

On the fore side of this Monument are the Figures of 
two Sons ; and these Arms : — 

Fig. 8. 





Neerc to the said ^Monument is layd a marble Grave- 
stone having a brass phite with this Inscription : — 
Franciscos Perkins filius Francisci 
Et Margarette, patre vivente 
Mortuus et hie scpultus aimo dni. 
1G60 letatis vero suie 38. 



12 

In a chapell acljoyniug to the North side of ye Chancell 
is a raised Monument over which lyes a large stone of 
Touch and these amies and Crest above the Epitaph. 

Fig. 9. 





Hie jaceo Franciscus Perkins filius et heres Franc, et 
Anna? qui snprajacent ; duxi Margaretam filiara 
Johis Eyston de Catmer Arniigeri, ipsa genuit mihi 
Sex filios, filiasque decern Amboque sub hoc uiarmor 
contegimur. 

Vixinius Unamines, Tumulo Sociamur in uno, 

Una sit ut requies, det Deus una salus 
Obiit decimo nono Septembris Anno 1661 setatis suae 79. 

On a plate of brass fixed on a Marble Gravestone lying 
on the north side of the Monument : 

Fr. Perkins, Margaretam uxorem alloquitur. In pace 
requiesce (dilectissima Conjux) et paulisper expecta ad- 
ventuni meum, quod si diutius mansero hoc divino obse- 
quio non vitai desiderio concessum obtestor. Obiit primo 
die Martii. Anno 1641 setatis sun3 55." 



Note. — While the above article was waiting for the printer, a most 
fortunate and opportune discovery was made of the arms of the Ter- 
kins family as they were borne one hundred and fifty, or more, years 
ago in, the then, English colony of Massachusetts Bay. A deed of 
land in Ipswich, Mass., then given by Dr. John Perkins to John Wain- 
wriglit, has been found to have appended to the signature of the 
grantor, his seal, an engraving of which is placed in the margin. The 



13 



Fig. 10. 




date of this deed Is April 20, 1725. Ou comparing the arms upon this 
seal Willi that upon one of the shields given in tlic above communica- 
tion, the two will be found to be identical, thus 
connecting the Perkins family of New England 
with that of tlie old country. Tlds may lead to a 
knowledge of tlie family connections of John Per- 
kins senior previous to his immigration to this 
country in IC'M. 

Dr. John Perkins, whose seal is given here, was 
the brotlier of Capt. Beamsly Perkins of Ipswich, 
who died July 23, 1720. His tombstone is now to 
be seen in the old burial ground in Ipswich. In 
this tombstone is a sunken space in which was, formerly, a metal j)late 
containing the Perkins Arms, as is well rememl)ered by many; this 
plate is now nowhere to be found. Some years ago, as is believed, a 
man of gentlemanly appearance came to Ipswich and represented him- 
self as from New Orleans, stating that he was of the family of Capt. 
Beamsly Perkins, and induced the custodians of the cemetery to let 
him take the plate. Nothing has been heard or seen of either gentle- 
man or plate since. Tlic seal now discovered appended to the signa- 
ture of Dr. John Perkins restores to us the arms taken from his 
brother's grave. 

Still another relic of the past, bearing upon the Perkins arms in 
New England, was unearthed a few years ago, near where the Provi- 
dence depot now stands in Boston. A grave-stone, of which we give 
a representation, was found on land of Samuel Jennison, Esq., and 
was given by him to his friend, Aug. T. Perkins, Esq., of Boston. 
This stone is broken upon the right hand corners, but upon the upper 
left, as will be seen, is a shield bearing tlie arms of the Perkins, a fesse 
daiicette between six i)iliets, differing from the arms upon the seal 
only in the number of billets, and from the bottom of the shield is a 
depending branch with pine cones or pine apples, as they Avcre called, 
the pine cone or apple being the proper crest of the Perkins arms, 
This stone is of the date of 1G82, bearing the name of an infant son 
of Edmund Perkins, the emigrant ancestor of the family at Boston. 

There can be but little doubt that these arms, as here given, arc 
those which the families who immigrated to this country were entitled 
to bear while in England. 

Col. Thomas Ilandasyd Perkins, who has now been deceased some 
years, before his death made this renuirk to his grandson, A. T. Per- 
kins : "I do not remember, when I was a boy, to have ever seen our 
arms represented with an eagle, as we now have it, but more like that 
little thing in the corner of the shield," referring to the canlou, which 
Is like the coat of arms now discovered. — G. A. P. 



/4/ 



KECORD OF DEATl 
FROM GRAVESTONES IN 60WLEY, 
INCLUDING ALL BEFORE THE YEAR 1800. 

With Notes* 



COMMUNICATED BY GEO. B. BLODQETTE, A. M. 



1. Baily, James, died 20 March, 1714-5. Aged 64 
years. 

Son of James and Lydia, b. 15-11 mo., 1650. 

2. Bayley, Nathaniel, died 21 July, 1722. In his 
48th year. 

Son of John and Mary (Mighlll) Bailey, bapt. 4 April, 1675. 
He m. 2 Jan., 1700-1 Sarah Clark. 

3. Bayley, Sarah, wife of Capt. Jonathan, died 28th 
Sept., 1730. In her 55th year. 

Jonathan, m. 30 Jan , 1707-8, Sarah Jewett, dau. of Dea. 
Ezekiel (81). She was b. 24 Nov., 1675. 

4. Bailey, Deacon David, died 12 May, 1769. In his 
62nd year. 

Son of Nathaniel (2), b. 11 Nov., 1707. 

5. Bennett, Doct. David, died 4 Feb., 1718-9. Aged 
103 years. 

Father of Lieut. Gov. Spencer Phips. 

6. Bennet, Doct. William, died 18 Sept., 1724. In 
his 38th year. 

Son of Doct. David (5) and Rebecca (Spencer), b. 9 July, 

1687. 

7. Boynton, John, son of John and Bethiah, died 
19 Oct., 1714. Aged 5 months. 

See Hist. Coll., Vol. V, note on page 15. 

•The original spelling of the names is retained. 

(14) 



15 

8. Boynton, Joseph, son of Ililkiah antl Priscilla, 
died 7 Feb., 1717-8. Aged 2 mouths and three days. 

9. Boynton, John, died 8 Oct., 1718. In his 40th 
year. 

See Hist. Coll., Vol. IV, page 126. 

10. Boynton, Joseph, died 16 Dec., 1730. Aged 
above 85 years. 

See Hist. Coll., Vol. IV, page 12G. 

11. Bradford, Dorothy, wife of Rev. Moses Bradford, 

died 24 June, 1792. Aged 26 years. 

Dau. of Moses* and Lucy (Pickard) Bradstreet, bapt. 8 Sept., 
1765, m. 2 Nov., 1788. 

12. t Bradstreet, Capt. Moses, died 17 Aug., 1690. In 
his 47th year. 

Second son of Humphrey.' 

13. Bradstreet, Breget, dau. of Moses and Hannah, 
died 22 July, 1718. Aged 22 years and 4 months. 

B. 17 March, 1695-6. 

14. Bradstreet, John, son of Moses and Hannah, died 
24 [12] May, 1724. Aged 24 years. 

Bapt. 21 April, 1700. 

15. Brodstreet, Moses, Junior, died 15 Feb., 1727. 

Aged 29 years. 

Son of Mo.ses' (17) Moses' (12) Humphrey,' bapt. In Row- 
ley, 27 Feb., 16'J7-8. 

16. Bradstreet, Hannah, wife of Moses, died 3 Janu- 
ary, 1737. Aged 67 years. 

Dau. of John and Jane (Crosby) Pickard, m. lit July, 1686. 

17. Bradstreet, Moses, died 20 Dec., 1737. In his 
73d year. 

Son of Moses* Humphrey,' b. 17 Oct., 1665, was husband of 

(16). 

18. Bradstreet, Hannah, wife of Nathaniel, died 11 
April, 1739. Aged 36 years. 

Dau. of Ezeklel and Dorothy (Sewall) Northend, m. 19 
April, 1727. 

19. Bradstreet, Dorothy, widow of Moses and for- 

t The oldest etone In the yard. 



16 

merly widow of Capt. Ezekiel Northend, died 17 June, 
1752. Aged 84 years. 
2Hd wife of (17). 

20. Bi-adstreet, Lieut. Nathaniel, died 2 Dec, 1752. 
In his 48th year. 

Son of Moses ^ (17), bapt. in Rowley, 18 Nov., 1705. For 
1st marriage see (18). He lu. 2ncl, 15 Aug., 1739, Hannah 
Hammond. 

21. Bradstreet, Abigail, wife of Ezekiel, died 23 Aug., 
1773. In her 22nd year. 

Maiden name was Abigail Pearson. 

22. Burpee, Mary, wife of Thomas, died 17 Aug., 
1721. In her 24th year. 

Thomas ra. 3 Feb., 1718-9, Mary Harris, dau. of Dea. 
Timothy (58). She was b. 9 March, 1697-8. 

23. Burpe, Esther, wife of Tliomas, died 30 Oct., 1722. 
In her 55th year. 

Thomas m. 3 Dec, 1690, Esther Hoplvinson, dau. of Jona- 
than (72). She was b. 9 April, 1667. 

24. Burpe, Jeremiah, died 4 Feb., 1723. In his 32nd 
year. 

Son of Thomas and Esther (23), b. 27 Oct., 1691. He m. 
19 May, 1714, Rebecca Jewett. 

25. Burpey, David, died 13 Dec, 1728. In his 28th 

year. 

Son of Thomas and Esther (23), b. 27 Nov., 1701. 

26. Burpe, Nathan, died 22 January, 1729. In his 
25th year. 

Son of Thomas and Esther (23), b. 8 Jan., 1704-5. 

27. Burpe, Hannah, wife of Jonathan, died 24 Janu- 
ary, 1729. In her 24th year. 

Jonatlian m. 26 Dec, 1722, Hannah, dau. of Isaac and Eliz- 
abeth (Jewett) Pkits, She was b. 19 Sept., 1705. 

28. Burpy, Johanna, wife of Joseph, died 1 Oct., 
1748. In her 28th year. 

Joseph m. 19 June. 1740, Johanna Piclvard, dau. of Jonitlian 
and Johanna (Jewett) Picliard. She was b. 16 Jan., 
1720-1. 

29. Burpey, Joseph, died 5 January, 1776. In his 
57th year. 

Son of Jeremiah and Rebecca (24), b. 25 July, 1719. See (28). 



17 



30. Choatc, John, son of Robert and Euiiico, died 
27 Oct., 1718. Airod 4 months and 28 days. 

31. Chirk, Ehenezer, died 28 April, 17 Kk In his 
29th year. 

32. Chirk, Aron, son of Jonathan, died 10 March, 
1743. In his 21st year. 

33. Cogswell, Sarah Northcn, wife of Doct. Nathaniel, 
died 8 March, 1773. In her 35th year. 

See Appendix to " The Northcnd Family," pngje l.'>. 

34. Cressey, Tamar, dau. of Mighill and Sarah, died 
29 May, 17 IG. Aged near 19 years. 

See N. E. Hist. Gen. Regijster for April, 1877. 

35. Cresey, William, died 9 Feb., 1717-8. Aged 55 
years. 

36. Creci, Mikacl, Jnnior, died 15 July, 1720. Aged 
32 years. 

r Davis, Jacob, died 26 Feb., 1729, in 1 
his IGth year. | 

Davis, Mary, died 27 Feb., 1729, in 

37. { her 6th year. 
Davis, Moses, died 3 March, 1729, in 

his 4th year. 

Children of Moses and Hannah Davis. . 

38. Davis, Capt. Moses, died 1 Fe))., 1753. In his 
63rd year. 

39. Dickinson, James, died 5 Jannary, 1705. Aged 
about 27 years. 

Son of James and IJobecca, b. 30 Jnne, ]C,7s. 

40. Dresser, Elisabeth, dan. of Josei)h and Joanna, 
died 20 May, 1736. Aged 19 years, 5 months, 25 days. 

41. Dresser, Doct. Amos, died 22 Sept., 17 11. In 
his 29th year. 

Son of Jo.scpli and Johanna (Barker), b. D May, 17i:J. 



One 
stone. 



HIST. COLL. XV 



18 

42. Elsworth, Mary, wife of Jeremiah, Junior, died 
10 Dec, 1742. In her 25th year. 

Maiden name Mary Clark. 

43. Frazer, Nathan, died 21 Oct., 1741. In his 42iid 
year. 

Son of Colen, bapt. 14 Jan., 1699-700. He m. 19 Nov., 
1730, Jane Prime, dau. of Mark (188). Slie was b. 8 Sept., 
1707. 

44. Gage, Sarah, dau. of William and Mercy, died 
18 June, 1713. Aged 5 years. 

45. Gage, William, died 18 March, 1730. In his 48th 
year. 

46. Gage, Mercy, widow of William, died 10 Oct., 
1775. In her 93rd year. 

47. Gage, William, eldest son of Col. Thomas, died 
2 Oct., 1777. Aged 26 years. 

48. Gage, Col. Thomas, died 31 Aug., 1788. Aged 
77 years and 19 days. 

49. Gage, Mary, wife of Thomas, died 26 June, 1798. 
Aged 34 years, 9 months and 11 days, 

50. Gibson, Mehitable, widow of Deacon Benjamin 
Gibson and Deacon Humphrey Hobson, died 14 May, 
1773. Aged 84 years. 

51. Hale, Hon. Thomas, died 11 April, 1730. In his 

72nd year. 

See Gen. of Hale family. 

52. Hale, Sarah, widow of Hon. Thomas, died 26 April, 
1732. Aged 70 years. 

53. Hale, Doct. William, died 21 Feb., 1784. In his 
56th year. 

54. Hale, Jane, widow of Doct. William, died 5 July, 
1799. In her 57th year. 

55. Hammond, Sarah, wife of Thomas, died 16 Janu- 
ary, 1712-3. Aged 57 years. 

56. Hammond, Thomas, died 26 Feb., 1724. In his 
69th year. 



19 

57. Hammond, Oliver, died 19 Sept., 1758. In his 
29th year. 

58. Harris, Deacon Timothy, died 24 March, 1723. 
Ill his 6()th year. 

59. Harris, Eunice, wife of John, died 21 Sept., 1775. 
In her 39th year. 

60. Harris, Mary, dau. of John and Eunice, died 17 
Nov., 1795. Aged 28 years and 5 months. 

61. Hart, Thomas, son of Joseph and Jane, died 23 
Oct., 1722. In his 17th year. 

62. Haseltine, Mrs. Sarah, died 13 Aug., 1778. lu 
her 56tli year. 

63. Hoijson, William, died 23 Sept., 1725. In his 
67th year. 

Son of William' and Ann (Rcyncr) Ilobson, b. 24 Jfay, 
lG5i>, ni. 9 June, 16'.>'2, Sarali Jewett, duu. of Jeremiah (74). 

64. Hobson, William, Junior, died 2 June, 1727. In 
his 27th year. 

65. Holjson, Jeremiah, died 13 Sept., 1741. Aged 
44 years and 3 days. 

66. Hobson, Deacon Humphry, died 23 June, 1742. 
Aged 57 years, 11 mos. and 13 days. 

See Hist. Coll., Vol. XII. 

67. Hobson, Hannah, wife of William, died 13 Sept., 
1757. In her 28th year. 

68. Hobson, Hon. Humphry, died 2 Aug., 1773. 
Aged 56 years. 

69. Hol)son, Elizabeth, 2nd dau. of Hon. Humphry 
and Priscilla, died 23 Aug., 1773. Aged 25 years. 

70. Hobson, Mehetabel, eldest dau. of Hon. Himiphrey 
and Priscilla, died 9 Sept., 1773. Aged 27 years. 

71. Hopkinson, Elisabeth, wife of Jonathan, died 9 
March, 1718. Aged 68 years. 

She was dau. of John and Mary Dresser, b. in Howley 10 
Mareh, H;4'J-oO, m. 10 June, "lG80, Jonathan {12) us' hi.s 
second wife. 



20 

72. Hopkinson, Jonathan, died 11 Feb., 1719. Aged 

76 years. 

Son of Micheal ' and Ann, b. in Rowley 9-2 mo., 1G43. M. 
first, 11 May, IGGO, Hester, dan. of Richard and Alice 
Clark. She was b. in R. 10-8 mo., 1645. He in. second 
as above, see (71). 

73. Hoskins, Mrs. Susanna, "from Boston," died 27th 
June, 1775. Aged 71 years. 

Probably this name should be " Hodgkins." 

74. Jewet, Jeremiah, died 20 May, 1714. Aged 77 
years. 

Eldest son of Joseph.' He m. 1 May, 16G1, Sarah, dan. of 
Thomas and Janet Dickinson. She was b. in Rowley 18 
Oct., 1G44:, and d. 30 Jan., 1723-4. Jeremiah lived on the 
farm his father gave hira in the town of Ipswich, in the 
first parish of Rowley. 

75. Juett, Moses, son of Jeremiah and Elizabeth, died 

11 June, 1715. In his 20th year. 

B. in Ipswich 13 Oct., 1695. His father was the eldest son 
of Jeremiah ^ (74). 

76. Jewet, Faith, wife of Ezekiel, died 15 Oct., 1715. 
In her 74th year. 

She was dau. of Francis and Elizabeth Parret and b. in 
Rowley 20-1 mo., 1642, m. Ezekiel 26 Feb., 1663-4. 

77. Jewet, Benjamin, died 22 January, 1715-6. Aged 
24 years, 3 months and 24 da^'S. 

Son of Nehemiah (78). 

78. Jewet, Nehemiah, died 1 January, 1719-20. 
Aged 77 years lacking 3 months. 

Second son of Joseph,' b. in Rowley 6-2 mo., 1643. M. at 
Lynn, Exercise, dau. of John and Rebecca (Wheeler) 
Pierce. 

79. Jewet, Priscilla, wife of Stephen, died 27 Dec, 
1722. In her 35th year. 

" Hereby doth lie Soloman our well beloved son." 
She was the third cliiid of Joseph and Rebecca Jewett (83), 
b, 9 Aug., 1687, m. 12 July, 1708 Stephen (92). 

80. Jewett, Anne, wife of Aquila, died 6 March, 1723. 
In her 40th year. 

She was dau. of Thomas and Margaret (Hidden) Tenuey of 
Rowley; b. 26 Aug., 1683, m. Aquila 23 Oct., 1704. 



21 

81. Jewctt, Deacon Ezekiel, died 2 Sept. 1723. In 
his 81st year. 

Elik'st sou of Maximilian,' b. in llowley ;>-l mo., 1043. 
Fortlrst marriaiii' st-e (7(J). He m. second, 23 Oct., 171G. 
Elizaiietli, widow of John Jewett. 

S'2. Jewett, Sarah, wife of Stephen, died 3 Dec., 1724. 

In hor 4i>th year. 

Stcjilien ('.>L'), m. Sarah Trask of Beverly as a second wife, 
riii). L'N Si'pt. 17l';5, .see (79). 

83. Jewet, Kebekah, wife of Joseph, died 2G Dec., 
1720. In her 74th year. 

Siie was dau. of William and Mary Law of Rowley, b. 1-4 
mo., ICoJ; m. 2 March, l(>7<;-7, Joseph who was second 
son of Maximilian.' 

84. Jewet, Mary, wife of Joseph, died 2G Jnnc, 1732. 
In her 43rd year. 

Joseph m. 27 March, I'Od, Mary Ilibbert. lie was sou of 
Capt. Josiph," who was third son of Joseph,' brother of 
Maximilian.' 

85. Jewet, Elisabetii, dau. of Ephraini and Elisabeth, 
died 5 April, 1737. In her 12th year. 

Bapt. in Ipswich 2(! Dec, 172.'). 

8G. Jewet, Ephraim, died 13 Dec, 1739. In hi.s 59th 

year. 

Sixth son of Jeremiah" (74), b. 2 Feb., lfi7'.)-80; m. Eliza- 
beth, dau. of Thomas and Hannah Hannnond of Ipswich 
(Rowley I'arish), published II June, 170'.i. 

87. Jewett, EMsabeth, wife of Jacob, died 17 Sept., 
1741. In her 31st year. 

See Hist. Coll., Vol. XII. 

88. Jewett, Thomas, died 1 eluly, 1742. In his 75th 

year. 

Third son of Jeremiah* (74), b. 29 Jan., 1C(;7.8. Never 
married. 

89. Jewett, Knth, wife of Eliphalet, died 18 Sept., 
1750. In her 37th year. 

She was dau. of Jonathan and Johanna (Jewett) I'ickard, 
b. in Rowley 13 Nov., 1713; n). 27 Feb., 1733-4. 

90. Jewett, Lyda, wife of Stephen, died 7 Sept., 1754. 
In her 70th year. 

She was a dan. of Thomas and Demaris (Bailey) Leaver of 



22 

Eowley; b. 5 Dec, ir,84; m. Stephen (92), 23 Nov., 1725, 
as his third wife. She was the widow of Daniel Thurston 
and Robert Rogers. 

91. Jewett, Elisabeth, wife of Rev. Jedidiah, died 14 
April, 1764. Aged 51 years. 

She was only child of Richard and Dorothy (Light) Dummer 
of Newbury; b. 7 Dec, 1713; m. Jedidiah 11 Nov., 1730. 

92. Jewett, Comet Stephen, died 14 January, 1771. 
In his 88th year. 

The tenth and youngest child of Deacon Ezekiel (81) ; b. 
23 Feb., 16S2-3. For his three marriages see (79), (82) 
and (90). 

93. Jewett, Elizabeth, wife of Jacob, died 29 July, 
1773. Aged 26 years. 

94. Jewett, Jacob, died 26 May, 1774. In his 66th 
year. 

Son of Jonathan^ and Mary (Wicom) Jewett; b. 28 Jan., 
1707-8, a descendant from Maximilian' through Joseph^ 
and Rebecca (83). 

95. Jewett, Joseph, died 1 Aug., 1774. In his 36th 
year. 

Son of Capt. George (97) ; bapt. 13 May, 1739. His grand- 
son George is living in Rowley. 

96. Jewett, Ruth, dau. of Capt. George and Hannah, 
died 29 Sept., 1774. In her 29th year. 

97. Jewett, Capt. George, died 5 Feb., 1776. Aged 
68 years. 

Eldest son of Joseph and Mary (Hibbert) (84) ; b. 25 July, 
1708; m. 9 Jan., 1728-9, Hannah, dau. of Thomas and 
Sarah (Hammond) Lambert of liowley. 

98. Jewett, Eliphalet, died 30 Oct., 1789. In his 
78th year. 

Eldest son of Cornet Stephen (92) ; b. 22 Jan., 1711-2. For 
his first m. see (89). lie m. second 20 June, 1751, Sarah 
Gage of Rowley. 

99. Jewett, Mrs. Mary, died 26 Aug., 1794. Aged 
60 years. 

100. Jewett, Abigail, wife of Capt. Moses, died 8 
Nov., 1794. Aged 72 years. 



23 



101. Jewett, Mary, w'ulow of Jeremiah, died 17 I•^•l)., 
ITDh. In her 01st year. 

DiUi. of Xalliaiiiel uiul Priscilla (Pearson) Mijjhill of Rowley ; 
b. 5 Jan.. ITOa-f); iii. 27 Jan.. 178(1-7. 

102. Jewett, Capt. Moses, died 31 July, 179(?. In 
his 75th year. 

Bapt. ill Ipswitli. 7 April, 1722, second son of .Aaron* and 
Abigail (Tcrlcy) Jewett of Ipswich fHowk-y Parish). 

103. Jewett, David, "companion of Mrs. Klisabeth," 
died 15 July, 1799. Aged 53 years. 

104. Jewett, Hannah, widow of Capt. George, died 
28 Sept., 1799. Aged 93 years. 

See (;)7). Slie was b. in Kowley, 15 Nov., 170(1. 

105. Johnson, Hannah, widow of Capt. John, died 25 
Dec., 1717. Aged 83 years. 

lOG. Johnson, Hannah, dau. of Samuel and Francis, 
died 22 Sept., 1723. In her 19th year. 

f Johnson, Francis, died 18 Aug., 1 
1737. In his nth year. 

Johnson, Judah, died 14 Sept., 1730. 
In his 7th year. I 

107. { Johnson, Ohadiah, died 9 Juno, y 
173G. In his ord ^ear. 

Johnson, Isaiah, died 24 Sept., 173G. 
I Aged 11 mos. and 7 days. 
L Sons of Daniel Johnson. 

108. Jonson, Hannah, wife of Daniel, died 19 Fel)., 
1740. In her 35th year. 

109. Jonson, Eli.sal)eth, dau. of Daniel and Ihiiiiiah, 
died 1 May, 1740. Aged 1 year, (i months and (i days. 

110. Jonson, Ahigah, son of Jonathan and Ilunn.di, 
died 29 May, 175(5. In his 21st years. 

111. Killhorn, Meiiah, died 23 Sept., 1710. Aged 14 
years. 

112. Kilborn, Josei)h, died 5 March, 1723. In his 
40th year. 



stone. 



24 

113. Kilborn, Doct. Eliphalet, died 4 June, 1752. In 
his 4Gth year. 

114. Kilborn, Dorothy, wife of Joseph, died 12 Aug., 
1793. In her 63rd year. 

115. Laiten, Ezekiel, son of Ezekiel and Rebekah, 
died 24 Aug., 1716. In his 21st year. 

116. Laiten, Ezekiel, died 21 Nov., 1723. In his 
66th year. 

iSon of Richard and Mary, b. 8-12 nio., 1057. 

117. Lambert, Jonathan, son of Thomas and Sarah, 
died 5 January, 1724. In his 7th year. " 

118. Lambert, Ednah, dau. of Thomas and Sarah, died 
13 March, 1729. In her 21st year. 

119. Lambert, Luci, dau. of Thomas and Sarah, died 
5 May, 1736. In her 15th year. 

120. Lambert, Elizabeth, wife of Thomas, died 6 July, 
1749. Aged 36 years, 3 months aud 10 days. 

121. Lambert, Deborah, wife of Nathan, died 25 
January, 1754. In her 38th year. 

122. Lambert, Hon. Thomas, died 30 June, 1755. 
Aged 77 years, 2 months and 22 days. 

123. Lamljert, Sarah, widow of Hon. Thomas, died 

11 July, 1759. In her 77th year. 

124. Lambert, Cornet Thomas, died 17 April, 1775. 
Aged 63 years. 

125. Lambert, Thomas, died 11 Dec., 1793. Aged 
45 3'ears. 

126. Lancaster, Dorothy, wife of Thomas, died 23 
Juue, 1752. In her 52nd year. 

Dau. of Ezekiel and Dorothy (Sewell) Northend, b. 20 
Marcli, 1700-1, ni. 8 Jan., 1729-30. 

127. Lancaster, Thomas, died 29 Dec, 1792. In his 
90th year. 

Son of Samuel and Hannah (Plats), b. 25 Nov., 1703. 

128. Lancaster, Anna, dau. of Samuel and Hitty, died 

12 Dec, 1793. Aged 1 year and 3 months. 



25 

129. Manning, Jolin, son of John and Jane, died 12 
Aug., 173(5. AiTod 4 years. 

l.'>0. Mighill, Hannah, wife cjf Thomas, died 25 Sept., 
1748. In her 21st year. 

Soc Hist. Coll.. Vol. XII. 

131. Migliill (unnamed), a son ol' Deaeon Thomas and 
Sarah, died (5 Aug., 17G1. 

132. Mighill, Capt. Nathaniel, died 25 Aug., 17(;i. 
In his 78th year. 

Son of Stephen and Sarali (Phillips) Mighill, b. in Rowley, 
4 July, l(;s4. 

133. Mighill, Xatl)aniel, son of Jeremiah and Sarah, 
died 5 Aug., 1773. Aged 14 years. 

134. Mi-hill, Pri^cilia, wife of Nathaniel, died 2G Feb., 
17 76. In her i)4th year. 

Daughter of Jeremiah and Priscilla (Ilazcn) Pearson of 
Kowley, b. 3 Feb., 1C82-3, m. Nathaniel (132) 3 Oct., 1705. 

135. ]Mighill, Sarah, wife of Deacon Thomas, died 1 
June, 1778. In her 58th year. 

See Ili.st. Coll., Vol. XII 

130. Mighill, Nathaniel Esq., died 26 March, 1788. 
Aged 73 years. 

Son of Nathaniel (132) and Pri.scilla (134;, b. in Rowley, 2 
June, 1715. 

137. Mighill, Jeremiah, died 3 Oct., 1793. Aged 69 
years. 

Brother of Nathaniel (13(5), b. 8 June, 1724. 

138. Mighill, Nathaniel, son of Thomas and Mary, died 
10 Dec, 1793. Aged 5 months. 

139. Mighill, Elizabeth, dau. of Jeremiah and Sarah, 
died 15 Fel)., 1796. Aged 22 years, 6 months. 

140. Mighill, Anna, dau. of Deacon Thomas, died 23 
June, 1796. In her 13th year. 

141. Mighill, Sarah, widow of .Jeremiah, died 18 Feb., 
1799. Aged 63 years. 

142. Nelson, Thomas, died 5 Aiuil, 1712. Aged^77 
years. 



26 

143. Nelson, Abigail, dan. of Thomas and Hannah, 
died 18 Aug., 1716. Aged 20 years. 

144. Northend, Capt. Ezekiel, died 23 Dec, 1732. 
In his 66th year. 

See "Northend Family," Hist. Coll., Vol. XII, No. 1. 

[ Northend, Moses, died 15 Aug., 1736. ] 

In his 5th year. ^^ 

I One 

145. ^ Northend, John, died 22 Alio;., 1736. y 

stone. 
In his 3rd year. 

[ Sons of Samuel and Mary. J 

146. Northend, Ezekiel, died 18 Oct., 1742. In his 
46th year. 

147. Northend, Samuel, only son of Lieut. John and 
Bethiah, died 15 June, 1749. In his 23rd year. 

148. Northend, Bethiah, wife of Capt. John, died 12 
June, 1767. In her 79th year. 

149. Northend, Capt. John, died 24 March, 1768. In 
his 76th year. 

150. Northend, Elisabeth, widow of Ezekiel, died 9 
May, 1787. In her 91st year. 

151. Osborn, Jane, dau. of John and Jane, died 11 
May, 1749. Aged 5 years and 8 months. 

152. Pahner, Mary, wife of Deacon Samuel, died 7 
July, 1716. Aged 64 years. 

153. Palmer, Deacon Samuel, died 21 June, 1719. 
Aged 75 years. 

154. Palmer, Patience, wife of Timothy, died 20 Janu- 
ary, 1730. In her 33rd year. 

155. Payson, Jane, wife of Eliphalet, died 24 Nov., 
1722. In her 24th year. 

SeePIist. Coll., Vol. XII. 

156. Payson, Hannah, dau. of llcv. Edward, died 5 
Dec, 1725. Aged 27 years. 

157. Payson, David, died 9 Aug., 1734. Aged 29 
years. 

Son of Rev. Edward, b. 5 March, 1705. 



27 



One 



r Payson, Eliphalet, died in his Otli ' 
year. May, 173G. 

Payson, Jano, died in her Gth year. 

158. < Mav, 17H6. y , 
^ Ari-i-i-i-o-i I stone. 
Payson, Mark, died ni his onl year 

May, 173('.. 

[ Children of" Eliphalet and Ednah. j 

159. Payson, Mary, wife of Eliot, died 8 Sept., 1758. 
In her 50th year. 

Uaii. of Jami's ami ^lary (Ilopkiiison) Todd, 1). 15 April, 
1700, m. Kliot (1G2; 7 Nov., 17_'2. 

100. Payson, Phebe, wife of Deaeon Edward, died 
12 Nov., 1765. In her 75th jear. 

Dan. of Timotliv and Phebe (Pearson) Harris, b. 7 Dec, 
IGDO, m. Kdward (ICl) 20 Aug., 1723. 

101. Payson, Deaeon Edward, died 1 March, 1769. 
In his 75th year. 

Son of Rev. Edward, b. 5 Juno, 1(;!)4. 

162. Payson, Lieut. Eliot, died 1 Ma\', 1774. In his 
75th year. 

Son of Uev. Edward, b. 11 March, 1G99-700. 

163. Payson, Ilainiah, wife of Capt. Edward, died 19 
Dec., 1784. Aged 54 years. 

164. Payson, Capt. Edward, died 28 Oct., 1797. 
Aged 69 years. 

165. Pearson, Capt. John, died 12 ^Nlarcli, 1723. In 
his 79tli } car. 

Son of John and Dorcas Pearson, b in Howlcy, 27-10 mo., 1C44. 

166. Pearson, Mary, widow of Capt. John, died 12 
April, 1728. In her 77th year. 

f Pearson, John, died 11 May, 1736. ^ 

In his 8tii year. 
I Pearson, Joseph, died 23 April, ll'Ai]. 

167. ^ In his 6th year. 

Pearson, Richard, died 27 A[)ril, 
1736. Aged 2 years and 3 days. 
(^ Sons of John Pearson. j 



One 
stone. 



28 

168. Pearson, Joseph, died 19 July, 1753. In his 
7Gth year. 

Son of John (165) and Mary (Pickard) Pearson, b. 22 Oct., 
1677. 

169. Pearson, Elizabeth, dau. of Capt. John and Ruth, 
died 7 May, 1762. In her 21st year. 

170. Pearly, Priscilla, grandchild of Elizabeth Mighill. 
Aged 15 months and 4 days. 

171. Pickard, Jean, wife of John, died 20 Feb., 
1715-6. Aged 89 years. 

172. Pickard, Sarah, dau. of Jonathan and Johanna, 
died 16 Nov., 1722. In her 12th year. 

173. Pickard, Elisabeth, wife of Capt. Samuel, died 

29 June, 1730. In her 62nd year. 

Dau. of Hon. Thomas Hale. See Hale Genealogy. 

174. Pickard, Lieut. Jonathan, died 25 January, 1735. 
In his 48th year. 

175. Pickard, Mary, wife of Jonathan, died 5 Aug., 
1748. In her 29th year. 

176. Pickard, Capt. Samuel, died 2 Sept., 1751. In 
his 89th year. 

Son of John and Jane (Crosby) Pickard of Rowley, b. — , 
3 mo., 1663. 

177. Pickard, Jonathan, died 16 Feb., 1765. In his 
48 th year. 

178. Pickard, Ednah, wife of Deacon Francis, died 

30 Aug., 1769. In her 76th year. 

See Hist. Coll., Vol. XII. 

179. Pickard, Deacon Francis, died 12 Sept., 1778. 
Aged 89 years. 

See Hist. Coll., Vol. Xll. 

180. Pickard, Mary, wife of Jonathan, died 21 May, 

1782. In her 64th year. 

181. Pickard, Sarah, wife of Joshua, died 28 April, 

1783. In her 36th year. 

182. Pickard, Hannah, dau. of Joshua and Sarah, died 
4 Dec, 1783. In her 4th year. 



29 

183. Pengry, Aaron, son of Doacon Moses of Ipswich, 
diet! 19 Sept., 1714. Aged Ij3 year.s. 

184. Pingic, Ann, widow of Aaron, died 3 Feb., 1740. 
In her 80th year. 

185. Plats, Samuel, died 24 March, 1720. In his 
78th year. 

See Hist. Coll., vol. V, note on page 15. 

186. Plats, Mary, widow of Samuel, died 2 June, 
1720. In her 70th year. 

187. Prime, Samuel, died 4 March, 1717-8. In his 
43rd year. 

Son of Samuel and Sarah (Plats) Prime, of Uowley; b. 
29 Dec, ICTo ; ni. Sarah, tlau. of Joseph and lUitli (Wood) 
Jewctt. Tub. 23 March, 170.J-C. Slie was b. 3 Feb., 

lG88-y. 

188. Prime, Mark, died 7 Oct., 1722. In his 42nd 
year. • 

Brother of (187) ; bapt. 13 March, ir,80-l ; m. 10 Feb., 1702-3 
Jane, dan. of Thomas and Edna (Northend) Lambert; she 
was b. 10 Sept., lOSi'). 

189. Prime, Thomas, died 8 May, 1793. Aged 45 
years. 

190. Richards, Humphrey II., died 28 May, 1783. In 
his 28th year. 

191. Richards, Jane, wife of Moses, died 17 March, 
1793. In her 40th year. 

192. Rylee, Hennery, died 24 May, 1710. In his 
82nd year. 

193. Sawyer, K/ekicl, died 20 June, 1700. Aged 00 
years save 1 day. 

194. Scott, Susanna, wife of IJenjamiu, died 20 Aug., 
1719. In her 69th year. 

195. Stickuoy, Kdner, wife of Ensign Andrew, and 
dan. of Ezekiel and Kdner Northend, died 7 Feb., 1722. 
Aged 73 years. 

190. Stickne, Andrew, died 29 April, 1727. Aged 
about 83 years. • 

See "Genealogy of tlie Stickney Family. " 



30 

197. Stickney, Josiah, eldest son of Josiah and Martha, 
died 19 Dec, 1798. Aged 17 years and 5 months. 

198. Syle, Anna, wife of Richard, died 25 January, 
1715. Aged 58 years. 

199. Tenney, David, died 25 March, 1747. In his 
19th year. 

200. Todd, Lydiah, wife of Samuel Junior, died 7 
Feb., 1720. In her 27th year. 

201. Todd, Elizabeth, wife of John, died 5 April, 
1725. In her 64th j^ear. 

202. Todd, Priscilla, wife of Samuel, died 25 May, 
1725. In her 63rd year. 

203. Todd, James, died 17 June, 1734. In his 63rd 
year. 

Son of John and Susanna Todd, b. in Rowley, 8 Feb., 1671-2. 

204. Todd, Mary, wife of James, died 10 Nov.', 1749. 
In her 81st year. 

Dau. of Jonathan (72) and Hester (Clark) Hopkinson, b. 9 
July, 16G9. 

205. Todd Hannah, wife of Jonathan, died 21 April, 
1774. In her 67th year. 

206. Todd, Jonathan, died 29 March, 1775. In his 
71st 3'ear. 

207. Todd, Elizabeth, wife of Asa and 2nd dau. of 
Col. Thomas Gage, died 23 July, 1776. In her 34th 
year. 

208. Torrey, Sophia, dau. of Doct. Joseph and Polly, 
died 15 Aug., 1797. Aged 2 years, 6 months. 

209. Wicom, Capt. Daniel, died 15 April, 1700. 
Aged 65 years. 

Was a lawyer and Rep. 1G89 and 1699. 

210. Wicom, Sara, wife of Daniel, died 9 April, 1705 
[6]. In her 33rd year. 

Daniel m. 27 June, 1690, Sarah, dau. of Edward and Hannah 
Hazen. She was b. 22 Aug., 1673. 



31 

211. Wicom, Lidioa, wife of Capt. Daniel, died 24 
Nov., 1722. Aged 80 years. 

See Hist. Coll., Vol. V, page IG. 

212. AVood, Jeremiah, son of Jacob and Ilannali, died 
17 July, 1737 [()]. Aged 11 years. 

213. AVood, Moses, son of Jacob and Hannah, died 
8 Aug., 1736. Aged 9 years. 

214. Woodbary, Ilainiah, wife of Samuel, died 27 
Sept., 1722. In her 38th year. 

215. Woodman, Hannah, dan. of Stephen and Hannah, 
died 27 Feb., 1741-2. In her 14th year, 

216. "Woodman, Joshua, died 18 Oct., 1745. Aged 
36 years, 1 month and 14 days. 



Copy of Monuments lately substituted for 
Stones removed. 
1. Marble. 

\_West front.'\ 

"Rev. Ezekiel Rogers, | first minister of Rowley, | 
Born at Wetherstield, Essex Co. ( England, A. D. 1590, 
a minister | in Rowley Yorkshire 17 years. | Came to this 
place with his | Church and flock in April | 1039, died 
June 23, 1660. J | 

This ancient pilgrim nobly bore 

The ark of God, to this lone shore; 

And here, before the throne of lleuven 

The luind was raised, the pledge was given, 

One monarch to obey, one creed to own. 

That monarch, God; that creed. His word alone. 

Here also rest | the remains of his wives. | 

With him one came with girded heart, 
Througii good and ill to claim her part; 
In life, in death, with him to seal 
Her kindred love, her kindred zeal. 

X Mr. Rogers died January 23, 1000-1, and wa* buried January 20, 1000-1. 



32 

ISouth front.'] 

Rev. Samuel Shepard, | third minister of Rowley,] 
Born Oct. 1641, | settled colleague with | Rev. Mr. 
Phillips, | Nov. 15, 1665, | died April 7, 1668. | 

Dorothy Flint, his wife | died Feb. 12, 1668. | 

Rev. Edward Payson fourth | minister, born June 
20, 1 1657, ordained Oct. 25, 1682, | died Aug. 22, 
1732. 1 

Also his Avives [ 

Elisabeth Phillips, | and Elisabeth Appleton. 

[East front.'] 

Rev. Jed;5Diah Jewett, | fifth minister of Rowley, | 
Born 1705, \ ordained Nov. 19, 1729, | died May 8, 
1774. 1 

Also his wives | 

Elisabeth Dummer | and Elisabeth Parsons. | 

Rev. Ebenezer Bradford, | sixth minister born 
1746, 1 Installed Aug. 4, 1782, | died Jan. 3, 1801. | 

Elizabeth Green, his wife | died July 14, 1825. 

[N'orth front.] 

Here rest the great and good | here they repose | after 
their generous toil. | A sacred band, [ they take their 
sleep together. | 

Twine gratitude, a wreath for them 
More deathless than the diadem. 
"Who, to life's noblest end, 
Gave up life's noblest powers, 
And bade the legacy descend 
Down, down to us and ours. 

Erected by the Ladies Benevolent Circle, | of the Con- 
gregational Society, Rowley, | 1851." 



33 

2. MarUe. 

[North frojit.] 

"Beneath this stone | arc buried the remains of | Sam- 
uel Pjiillips, I the second pastor | of the Church in 
Rowley, | He was l)()rn in Boxford, Eni^land, A. D. 
1625, I Came to America, with his father, | Gkoiujk Phil- 
lips, iirst minister of I Watertown, ]Mass., in 1(530; was 
graduated | at Harvard College, in 1650, and was | set- 
tled in the Christian ministry, | in this place, in June, 
1651, where he | served God and his generation faith- 
fully I for 45 years, and died April 22, 1696. ] Near this 
spot are buried | the remains of his wife, Sarah, | daugh- 
ter of Samuel ArPLEiox, of Ipswich; she died 15, July, 
1714 aged SQ years. | 

From them have descended, among otliers, | Gcorcfc Phillips, minis- 
ter of I Brook Haven, L. I., New York; Avho died 173'.t, | aged 75 
years. | 

Samuel Phillips, minister at Andover, Mass. | died June o, 1771, 
aged 81 years. | 

Samuel Phillips, one of the founders of | Phillips Academy, Andover, 
died August 21, 1700, | aged 7(i years. | 

John Phillips, founder of Phillips Academy, | Exeter, N. II., died 
April, 17;'5, aged 7G years. | 

[West front.'] 

Samuel Phillips, Lt. Gov. of Mass. | died in Andover, Feb. 10, 1802, 
aged 50 years. | 

William Phillips, a distinguished | mercliaut and patriotic citizen, | 
died in Boston, Jan., 1804, aged 82 years. | 

William Phillips, Lt. Gov. of Mass. | died in Boston, May 2G, 1827, 
aged 77 years, and | 

John Phillips, Prest. of the Senate of Mass. | and Urst Mayor of 
Boston, died in Boston, | May 2t», 1823, aged 52 years. 

This monument is erected | by Jonathan Phillips,- of 
Boston, I a descendant in the sixth generation. | A. 1). 
1839." 

I1I8T. COLL. XV 3 



34 

3. Granite. 

[_West front.'] 

"William Stickney, | Bornin | Frampton, England, | 
A. D. 1592, I was, with his wife | Elizabeth, [ of Bos- 
ton, in N. E. in 1638, | of Rowley in 1639, | where he 
died I A. D. 1665. 

\_North front.] 

Erected | By his Descendants, | Josiah Stickney | of 
Boston, I Mathew Adams Stickney | of Salem, | Joseph 
Henry Stickney | of Baltimore, MD. | 1865." 



i 



MEMORIAL OF JOHN CLAlUvE LEE. 

COJTMUXICATED BY KKV. E.* b/wILLSOX. 



"When a biographer thinks to make the subject of hi3 
pen more ilhistrioiis by l)uikling a lofty pedestal of an- 
cestral honors on M'hioli to exhibit him to better advan- 
tage, if the figure to which it is designed thus to lend 
distinction is of but the common size, the etl'ect is dis- 
appointing. 

But no man is wholly accounted for, or known as well 
as he can be, who is studied apart from the genealogical 
tree on which he grew. We have welcomed to this 
paper some personal sketches and notices of a few of 
]Mr. Lee's relatives of earlier generations, not with the 
thought of setting him at a higher elevation thereby, 
though he was of a stature to justify high placing, but 
because they show him more fully; and show that more 
than one salient trait in his character started some way 
back, and has come through long and deep channels. 

The Lees of this line appear to have been from the first 
American forefather known to us, down to the subject of 
this notice, a people with a positive flavor, in whom was a 
strong individuality of character ; not rounded and toned 
to a conventional and common[)lace type, yet very genu- 
ine withal, and without aflcctation of cccentiicity. 

That this strain of stout and relishable individuality 
still persists, no more felicitous proof could be given 
than the appreciative characterization of some of them, 
and of Mr. John C. Lee in particular, by a kinsman, 
which we are permitted to place before the reader farther 
on in this memoir. 

(35) 



36 

We coimt ourselves happy that we can present this 
portrait of the friend we conimeniorate, drawn in such 
distinct and lifelike lines, such outstanding features, by 
one who knew him long and well, and understood his 
make by fellow feeling ; one moreover Avho possesses in 
rare degree the gift of terse and graphic expression, as 
well befitting the subject as it is illustrative of one of 
the natural endowments of more than one of the Lee 
family. 

In so far as this delineator draws, we may withhold 
our own hand. But before Ave introduce this sketch of 
the man, it is fitting that we take some notice of the boy 
who preceded and foretold him ; that we outline the life 
historically ; and that we name here and there an outspeak- 
ing and unavoidable quality of his personality, though it is 
to be touched again by the other and more ingenious hand. 

The homes of this family, in America, it may be men- 
tioned, have been chiefly in and about Boston. But their 
enterprise contributed its full share to the commercial 
activity and prosperity by Avhich Essex County attained 
its well earned fame for hardy courage, good seamanship 
and quick-witted seizure of opportunities leading to afiiu- 
ence some generations ago. 

It requires but a few dates and a short narrative to tell 
what there is to tell of the main facts in the life of Mr. 
Lee. He was not a public man. He sought none of the 
ofiices and honors which most men covet : such as Avould 
naturally and easily have fallen to one of his abilities, 
integrity and large qualifications for public service, if he 
had desired and sought them. He had his ambitions, and 
they were high: higher than "care of prince's ear or vul- 
gar breath." So his name Avas not much on the tongues 
of the multitude, nor did the ncAvspapcr paragraphist 
announce his going and coming. He liked to have it so. 



37 

Being such as he was, however, wc have the f(>wer inci- 
dents to record to the lengthening of his biograijhy. IIo 
was moreover not given to much mention of himself, and 
except with a few intimate friends, the contemporaries of 
his early years, seldom called up in the free fond way 
connnon with men in mature life, tiie scenes and incidents 
of childhood. For this reason in part it is, also, that 
the materials for a sketch of his younger boyhood and its 
trainins: are meaf]jrc. 

He was born April 9th, 1804, in Tremont Place, Bos- 
ton.^ His father, Nathaniel Cabot Lee, was in failing 
health at the time tiiis son and onI\' child was born, and 
went not long after, accompanied by his wife, to the 
AVcst Indies in hope of benefit from a change of climate, 
leaving his infant son in the care of a trusty nurse in 
Beverly. The father died in Barbadoes, Jan. 14, 1806, 
in the thirty-fourth year of his age, the son being at the 
time less than two years old. The mother, Mary Ann 
(Cal)ot) Lee, a cousin of her husband, after a second mar- 
riage with Francis Blanchard, Esq., of Wenham,- died 
July 25, 180U. John Lee was thus left Avithout father or 
mother at the age of live years. Of the seven years fol- 
lowing the death of his mother, that is, of the period 
between the ages of live and twelve years, precise dates 



» Not the place now 8o called, but a rouit opening out of Tiuniout Street nearly 
opposite to King's Cliapcl, about where the store of Houghton & Outton, numbered 
.")5 on that street, now stanil!<: knr)wn for a time as I'liillips I'lare. 

' Francis JJlanchanl stuilied law with Judge Charles Jackson (S. J. C). and 
afterwards wa^ his partner in law bu-iness. He married the widow of Nathaniel 
C. Lee. Aug. -I'.i, l.^Orf, who at her death in ISOl', left a daughter, Kli/.a Cabot Blanch- 
• ird. born May -.iTth. 1.S0;». This daughter marricil Kobert C. Winlhrop, March 12th, 
isfi, and died June 14, 1H12. leaving three children. They are all living. Francis 
lllaMchard dic<l at Wenham of oonsunjption, June -ifitli, LSI.!, " having been dlstiu- 
gui.-hed for his good sense anil legal aciiuirenients. which were considered very 
extraordinary for hid age." His daughter wa.s taken into the lamily of her fath- 
er's uncle, Samuel Pickering Uardner, in November, 181 J, wliere she remained till 
her marriage. 



38 

cannot be given. The tin>e was clividccl principally be- 
tween Wenliam and Duxbnry. Early within the period 
named, a winter, perhaps more, was passed in Salem with 
his great-grandmother, Mrs. Sarah (Pickering) Clarke, 
widow of Captain John Clarke,^ and sister of the distin- 
guished Colonel Timothy Pickering. While living Avith 
Mrs. Clarke he attended the noted school of Miss Hettie 
Higginson. With this grandmother's mother, he was 
heard to say in the latter part of his life, he was in com- 
munication with one who had seen and remembered some 
of the actors in the witchcraft tragedies of the seventeenth 
century. 

In Wenham he lived in the family of the Rev. Rufus 
Anderson ;* and he used to refer to this portion of his life, 
in after years, as a time of which he had the happiest rec- 
ollections. The family of Col. Timothy Pickering then 
resided in Wenham, and his grandsons, Charles and Ed- 
ward, sons of Timothy Pickering, jr., were living with 
their grandfiither. John Lowell Gardner, son of Samuel 
Pickering Gardner, was also a frequent visitor there, pass- 
ing his vacations with his grandmother who had a fiirra in 
that part of Wenham bordering upon Hamilton. To both 



* Mr. Lee took his name from the Rev. John Clarke, D. D., minister of the First 
Church iu Boston, who was the sou of John, and Sarah (Pickering) Clarke, above 
named. 

* Rev. Mr. Anderson was the son of James and Nancy (Woodbury) Anderson, 
and was born at Londonderry, N. II., March 5th, 17()5; graduated at Dartmouth 
College in 17i)l ; studied his profession with his brother-in-law, Rev. Josepli McKeea 
of IJeverly, first president of Bowdoln College; married. 1st, Sept8tli, J7!)5, Hannah, 
second daugliter of Col. Isaac Parsons of New Gloucester, Me.; she died July 14, 
180;5; married, id, May 27, 1801, Elizabeth Lovett of Beverly, who survived him; 
onlaiiied at North Yarmouth, Me., Oct. 22, 17i)4; dismissed Sept. ISOl; installed at 
Wenliam, July 10, 180.1; dismissed on account of ill health in 1810; died at Wenliam 
Feb. 11, 18U. His ancestors were among the Scotch Irish who came from the aorth 
of Ireland and settled at Londonderry; they came as early as 1725. His maternal 
ancestor was John Woodburn, his paternal ancestor, John Anderson. Rev. Rufus 
Anderson of the " A. B. C. F. M." is his sou. 



39 

these families John Lee was nearly related.* The three 
boys named were of about his own age, and were his daily 
companions. With them he ranged the tields, explored 
the woods, and felt the charm of out-door life, enjoying 
with zest the sports of a free and healthy childhood, tak- 
ing impressions which lasted through life, and which ho 
ever recalled with pleasure. The picture of that careless 
time and country life, when in bare-footed® freedom he 
scoured the neighborhood with his associates on such bus- 
iness and adventure as invite enterprising country boys 
abroad, was one which he kept fresh in memory whea 
years and cares had thickened upon him. Here, no 
doubt, were developed the beginnings of that hearty love 
of nature and taste for rural occupations, esi)ecially for 
botanizing, horticulture and arboriculture, which became 
sources of great dcligiit, and at times of constant employ- 
ment in subsequent years. 

Those who remember him as he then was describe him 
as large for his age, active, strong, rather shy of stran- 
gers, somewhat headstrong and hard to manage, and one 
"who would not tell a lie." If a little troublesome to his 
elders sometimes, sincere and to be trusted in his speech, 
and so attaching to himself his youthful companions as 
never to lack a loyal attendance and sufBcient su[)port in 
whatever expeditions and achievements were set afoot ; 
from an early age, says one, an athletic and easy swim- 
mer. 

We are fortunately able to add some interesting remi- 



*Mr.s. Sarnli (Pifki-ring) Clarke, Krcat-gniiKliiiothcr of Jolin C. Leo. Mrs. Kliza- 
betli (I'ic'koriiig) Ganliu-r. giaiiiliiiuther of .Iciliii L. Oanlnor, anil Col. Tinmtliy 
Pickering, Kramlfatlier 1)1' Charles and Kilwunl Pickering, wcresi>terH an<l brother: 
daughters and son of Timothy and M:iry (Wingale) Pickering of Saleiu. 

"When Mr. Lee recalle<l tliese day« he did not omit to mention the going bare, 
footed. It was not a habit with h:ni, donbtlcHs, as it was generally with the boy.-) 
of the town. It is likely that the novelty of it as uu exceptional license made it a 
more lively recollection aaerwards. 



40 

niscences of this time from each of these two, — life-long 
friends of Mr. Lee, — who survive him.'' 

"You are right," says Mr. John L. Gardner, "in sup- 
posing that our early rambles in Wenhara were favorable 
to the cultivation and improvement of his natural liking 
for the wonders of animal and vegetable life, for our com- 
panion was Charles Pickering, a born naturalist, who 
seemed instinctively to know all the habits and resorts of 
all flying and creeping things, and has since become one 
of our most distinguished men of science ; and John 
C. Lee was always noted for his haljit of accurate ob- 
servation." 

"As you have known him as a man, so he was as a 
boy, sturdy and upright. I have never known him un- 
reasonable, nor have I ever seen him give way to fits of 
passion, as was often the case with other boys." 

"In placing John C. Lee under the charge of Rev. Mr. 
Anderson," writes Dr. Charles Pickering, "his relations 
were desirous that he should not know of his large expec- 
tations, fearing that such knowledge might have an injur- 
ious effect upon his character. The secret was well kept 
by us boys, and I do not think he became aware of his 
pecuniary resources until ueiirly or quite grown up." 

"Our boyish excursions, when out of school, were usu- 
ally planned beforehand, and besides exploring the hills, 
woods, streams, lakes, and morass of that diversified dis- 
trict, included fishing and I am sorry to say ornithological 
pursuits, we being as yet too 3^oung to be trusted with 
fire-arms. On one occasion J. C. Lee gave chase to, but 
fortunately did not overtake an 'unknown animal,' a wild 



'Unhappily, before these sheets go to tlie piinter it becomes necessary to modify 
this sentence. His two friends survived him, indeed, but one of the two has since 
followed liim. On the ITtli of March, 1S78, Dr. Cliarles Pickering, the distinguished 
naturalist, died in Boston after a brief illness. 



41 

cat." "Before we left Wenham, three other boys became 
old enoulih to sometimes join in excnrsions, John and 
IIoiHT W. Pickering, and Georirc Gardner ;^ and all seven 
were living in the beginning of 187<)." 

"J. C. Lee grew np always iVank and open, ready to 
give his opinion if he had formed one." 

His life in Wenham must have ended in IVhruary, 
1814, or before, as the Kev. ]\Ir. Anderson died in that 
month. 

It is probable that it was al)oiit that time that he was 
transferred to the family of the Rev. Dr. Allyn of Dnx- 
biny, where he remained till he came to Salem to live in 
the early part of 181G. AVe are indebted to his friend, 
Mr. Gardner, for all that we know of his school-days in 
Duxbury ; and though the description given of the life 
there b}' his school-fellow affords us no particular inei- 
dents of a personal nature in his history, it presents a 
pleasant picture of the circumstances and influences under 
which his training went on. 

"You are right," says ^Ir. Gardner, "in your inference 
that J. C. Lee left Wenham before February, 1814. I 
was sent to Duxbury also in May, 1814, and continued 
there till October of that 3'ear, when I was removed after 
partially recovering from a dangerous illness. As well as 
I can recollect John Lee had been estal)lislic'd there for 
some time before I went, and continued there after my 
departure. It is not uidikely that he was put there soon 
after the death of his step-father in June, 1813." 

"Our life at Duxbury was a very happy one. Dr. 
Allyn was an eccentric but a most good natured and ex- 

•John and Henry White Pii'keriiiK. i^ona of Joliii IMckiM-iiiff, were cousin.s of 
Charles and Edward, ami George (Jardm-r was n brother of John L. Ciardner. 
The excurt-ions for wliich they were old eiiongh must have lieen at times when 
John Lee visited Wenham, after leaving Mr. Amlerson's. .John I'ickering was boni 
Nov. 8, 1808, Henry W., May il, It'll, and George Gardner Sept. 15, ISOlt. 



42 

cellent personage.^ The boys always addressed him as 
uncle. When exchanging with the neighboring ministers 
he was in the habit of taking one of the boys with him ; 
and to insure his good behavior took him into the pulpit 
with him. I shall always remember my assisting in this 
•way at the neighboring town of Scituate. Mrs. Allyn 
was of the old Plymouth stock of Bradford. Most of our 
discipline came from the Doctor's oldest daughter, Miss 
Abby Allyn, a fine intelligent woman who afterwards mar- 
ried the Rev. Convers Francis, brother of Mrs. L. M. 
Child.i« 

"So pleasant were the impressions made by our resi- 
dence at Duxbury that in our early married days J. C. 
Lee and I took a horse and vehicle and passed a day or 
two in exploring our old haunts." 

At the age of twelve John Lee was placed by his guar- 
dian, Judge Charles Jackson, ^^ in the family of his rel- 
ative, John Pickering, the distinguished philologist, then 
living in Salem, where he found a congenial and happy 
home during the rest of his minority. On coming to 
Salem he entered a private School kept by Abiel Chandler, 



«Rev. John Allyu was born at Barnstable, March 21, 1767; graduated from Har- 
vard College, 1785: ordained at Duxbury, Dec. 3, 1788; married j igail Bradford, 
daughter of Job and Abigail (Parkniaii) Bradford, who was bom 17(;5 and died 
183!). He died July 19, 1833. See Francis' Memoir in Mass. Hist. Soc. (Collections) 
3d series, Vol. V, p. 245; Hist, of Duxbury by Justin Winsor, p. 207. 

'" Convers Fi'ancis was born Nov. 9, 1795, in Arlington tlien cidled Menotomy, and 
afterwards West Cambridge. His fatlier Convers Francfs, son of Benjamin and 
Ly<lia CConvers) Francis, was born in Medford, July 14, 17t)G, died in Wayland, Nov. 
27, 185(;, at tlio age of ninety. His mother was Susannah Rand, daugliter of Barrett 
and Susaniuili liand of Charlestown, slie died in 1814. C. F. graduated at Harvard 
College in 1815.— ordained at Watertown June 23, 1819; maiTied May 15, 1822, Miss 
Abby Bi-adford Allyn, daughter of Rev. Dr. Allyn of Duxbury : resigned his charge 
at Watertown, Aug. 21, 1842, and at the beginning of the month following entered 
upon the profe.-^sorsliip of l'uli)it Eloquence and Fastoral Care in the Divinity 
School at Cambridge made vacant by the death of Rev. Henry Ware, jr He died 
on the seventh of April, 18(i3. See Memoir by Rev. William Newell iu Proceedings 
of JMass. Hi!5t. Society, 18U4-5, p. 2,33. 

"Justice of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts, who married a younger sister 
of his lather. 



43 

and afterwards ])v John r>r:izer Davis, and under these 
two masters he was titted for Harvard College, entering 
in 1819. 

A short time before commencement in 1823 a large part 
of his college class became highly incensed towards a mem- 
ber charcred with informini]' airainst, and falsely accnsini? 
the person on M'hom the highest honors of the class had 
justly fallen, and by whose disgrace and dismissal the in- 
former himself would come into the forfeited honors of 
his supplanted class mate. Feeling ran high against the 
obnoxious student, and tinally against the faculty, when 
some of the class were expelled for visiting upon the of- 
fender such indignities and ostracism as usually follow 
conviction, or lixed suspicion of this crime. About half 
the class including many of the older and more influential 
of its mem])ers, after inetlVctual remonstrance against the 
course decided upon by the college otiicers as unjust, in- 
voked upon themselves the penalties which had l)een de-^ 
creed against the chief insurgents. John Lee ranked in 
the list of the latter, it is presumed, and fairly enough, 
for he had not concealed nor denied his full participation 
in the act for which he, with others, Avas summoned to 
answer. As years went by, one after another of those 
who had refused to take their degrees upon the terms 
prescribed by the college authorities, — word having gone 
out meantime that they would be given upon an intimation 
that they were desired, — signified their wish to be en- 
rolled with the class, and received their diplomas. Mr. 
Lee, with several others, took his in 1842. 

After Icav^ing college he i)ursued the study of Law for 
a little while under the direction of John Pickering, Ks(j., 
but soon decided that a business career was more to his 
mind, and formed a partnership with John Merrick, jr., 
with whom he carried on a mercantile business in lioston 



44 

for a few years, probably from 1826 to 1830 ; for a short 
time near the end of this connection William Sturgis, jr., 
was a third partner. 

Not Ions after his marriage he had a fall in his store 
over a flight of stairs, of which the conseqnences were se- 
vere and lasting ; one leg continued through life less sound 
than its mate. His health at last became so seriously un- 
dermined from this cause that he was induced to go upon 
a Southern journey, and he passed the winter of 1828-9 
in the sonthwest, spending some time in New Orleans, 
and visiting his grandfather, Francis Cabot, in Natchez, 
Mississippi, at which place he was then resident. 

Mr. Lee's business had not prospered ; and though his 
health was much restored by travelling and wintering amid 
new scenes and in a bland climate, it had not given him 
heart to pursue further the struggles and chances of a 
merchant's life. lie determined to quit it. And his next 
step was to remove to Salem as his place of future resi- 
dence. This was in 1829.' For the first four years he 
occupied the house now the dwelling of Mrs. Asahel Hun- 
tington. In 1834 he completed and occupied the house 
in Chestnut street in which he passed the remainder of his 
life. He had already bought a tract of huid of several 
acres in extent on Dearborn street in North Salem which 
he continued to own and improve till within a few j^ears. 

The cultivation of his land Avas for several years his 
chief occupation, which he followed with advantage to his 
health, and in which he found keen enjoyment and had 
excellent success. He set trees, and raised fruits and 
flowers, giving personal attention daily to the work. The 
land, said to have had but one tree upon it when he 
bought it, has been thickly planted these many years with 
trees in great variety, both forest and fruit-bearing, for- 
eign and indigenous, set with his own hand, or under his 
own eye. 



45 

He soon became an active member of the Essex County 
Natural History Society formed in 1833, and united Avitli 
the Essex County Historical Society in 1848 to foi-m the 
Essex Institute. Ho took o^reat interest in its exhibitions 
of fruits and tlowcrs to which he was one of the hirncst 
contributors. Declining its otlices of honor and platform 
duties he accepted that of Vice President which he held 
for several years, and served upon its committee of tinance 
till his death. He was a working member ; sought to 
awaken interest in others ; shed off the discouragements 
and refused to accei)t the prophecies of short life to the 
society with which his request for subscriptions was some- 
times met, gave to it himself, carried the subscrii)tion 
paper to others, persevered in finding means of lifting 
it out of its embarrassments, and only ceased to render it 
active service when it had become well established ; and 
never to the last lost his interest in it. Such olKces as 
are little sought by comi)etent men, offices of large re- 
sponsibility and requiring conscientious and pains-taking 
attention with small compensation or none, were often 
put upon him and he accepted them ; but for presi- 
dencies of the various kinds, and such offices as merely 
conferred distinction and set the official in the public eye 
he had no desire. Like his forefather, Thomas Lee, of 
the New Brick Church in lioston — hereafter mentioned — 
he preferred to let others take the ehair, but did not fail 
to make himself felt both in counsel and action, where 
executive work called for far-and-widc seeing judgment 
and prudence in the management of treasuries and inve&t- 
ments. 

His hiirh ideal of business exactness had small patiente 
with a loose administration of money trusts. Auditing 
a treasurer's account, and eoming ui)on an item set down 
as " , about" a certain amount : "AhmU!" said he : 



46 

'^ About!" "I don't know what about means." He was 
many years a trustee and officer of the Salem Savings 
Bank, a director some time in the Exchange Bank, Mem- 
ber and Treasurer of the American Academy of Arts and 
Sciences, a director in the Eastern Rail-road Corporation, 
and represented the town of Salem in the General Court 
of Massachusetts in the years 1834 and 1835. 

In 1848, in connection with Mr. George Higginson, 
he founded the well known banking house of Lee and 
Higginson in State street, Boston, where he acquired rep- 
utation for sound judgment, financial sagacity, and inflexi- 
ble probity, giving to his house a high standing in its 
high class. From this position, in Avhich, perhaps, were 
best exhibited his financial perspicacity and general ex- 
cellence of judgment he retired at the end of 1862. 

After withdrawing from business he made two visits 
to Europe with his family ; the first in 1869-70 in which 
he journeyed extensively in Great Britain and on the 
continent; the second in 1872-3, when his time was 
passed partly in southern France, but mostly in London 
and its neighborhood, where he was visiting the family 
of a daughter, the wife of S. E. Peabody, Esq., a member 
of the well-known banking house of J. S. Morgan and 
Company. 

Travel was a true recreation and enjoyment to him ; and 
an education as well. He did not make a toil of it, and 
had no ambition to outdo others in the number of places 
visited, nor in reaching points commonly unknown, and 
seeing scenes or objects which others had overlooked. 
He was a close and intelligent observer ; and of men and 
affairs alike he gathered large stores of information, and 
formed opinions with sharp insight of character and a 
just estimate of the significance of events. Said one of 
his countrymen, a well informed and experienced traveller 



47 

who met him fa Rome : " I was more than ever before 
struck with his clear strong sense and observation in 
the way he spoke of matters in Italy." His penetrating 
perception went to the substance of things, and was 
not easily deceived b}' appearances. "While ho had spe- 
cial tastes he had a large curiosity for general knowledge, 
and his conversation showed that he had gathered in many 
tields. He read mftch ; and he read, as he travelled, >vith 
a broad outlook, but not on that account with hazy appre- 
hension and indistinct vision. As he became disengaged 
from business he passed much of his time with books and 
periodical literature. His knowledge of geography was 
particularly extensive and accurate. With his mind stored 
by reading and observation his conversation was, as it 
might be expected to be, entertaining and intelligent, and 
was especially racy when in the company of his more 
familiar friends he gave free play to his love of humor. 
One who met him often remarked that he would rather 
hear Mr. Lee talk of the places he had visited than read 
any book relating to them. Yet he was not forward, 
not naturally disposed to lead in conversation ; he was 
more given to asking questions, than to expressing and 
expanding his own thoughts, and the person questioned 
might never suspect that upon the very points on which 
he pushed inquiry he was himself an expert. Though 
regarded as rather reserved and shut u[) from easy and 
free approach l)y strangers, when travelling, or among 
people and scenes that were new, he found ready access 
to persons of all grades of society, and took pleasure 
in plying them with such pertinent questions as woukl 
elicit interesting and instructive facts. And this he did 
with an unvarying courtesy and kindness of manner which 
inspired confidence and made every one well disposed to 



48 

communicate and free to speak. If he shut up some he 
knew how to open where he found it an object to enter 
and explore. 

He returned from his last European visit, it was thought, 
with something less than his former health ; still no de- 
cided symptoms of disease were noticed till a few months 
before his death. The last summer (1877) he spent with 
his family in North Conway, New Hanlpshire, and entered 
with moderate freedom and his usual interest into the so- 
cial life which surrounded him, and made pleasant new 
acquaintances among the visitors at that favorite summer 
resort. 

From the time of his coming home from Conway in 
September he was not well, yet not called sick. He 
walked less, went out more, rarely, and before long found 
the exertion of climbing stairs a burden and a cause of 
suffering ; at other times he had visits of severe pain in- 
.dicatins: that all was not rio;ht with the heart. On the 
loth of November he went out for the last time. He 
went reluctantly, but in compliance with the advice of his 
physician, who thought it better that he should take the 
air if he felt able. After the 16th he did not leave his 
room. Yet no apprehension of immediate danger was 
felt. On the 19th about four o'clock in the afternoon, 
one member of his family only being with him, he sud- 
denly complained of severe pain in the head ; but the 
moment before he had been noticing and remarking upon 
some small article devised for the comfort of the sick 
which had been presented to him ; his attending daughter 
saw an instantaneous change in his face, and before other 
members of his family could be called to his bedside, 
breath and life had gone. 

Mr. Lee was married July 29th, 1826, to Harriet Paine 



49 

Rose, dau'zhtcr of Joseph Warner aiul Harriot (Paiiio) 
Rose. She was horn in the (English) West India island 
of Antigua. Feh. 5th, 1804, her father being of English 
descent, her mother a daughter of William Paine, M. D., 
of Worcester, Massachusetts. Of this marriage ten chil- 
dren were l)orn, all of whom but one came to manhood 
and womanhood, and are still livinj;. 

In })ers()n Mr. Lee was tall ; of large frame ; of self- 
reliant expression and bearing ; his look open, manly, and 
free from traces of self- consciousness ; a man to be noticed 
in any company ; assuming nothing, but with the air, or- 
dinarily, of one not too studious. of the impression ho 
should make upon others, or of what the world might 
think of him, so that he had nothing to answer for to him- 
self, and kept his self-respect, as from a clear conscience. 
Though not by nature what would be called an aflable 
man, possibly, he was frank and direct in maniier and 
speech, polite to such as had any claim upon him, alto- 
gether prepossessing to men of like frankness, and to such 
as set a high value on simplicity and straiglit forward sin- 
cerity of character : one to ins[)irc immediate and perfect 
contidence that he would meet you and deal with you in 
all honor, and that you would know no change in him. 

AVe have thus traced the outline of Mr. Lee's life, set- 
ting such dates as we could to mark the distances in its 
outward progress and aspects ; barely mentioning besides 
in passing a few characteristic traits too prominent to es- 
cape notice. The following analysis of his character re- 
ferred to in our opening i)ages, furnished in answer to our 
solicitation by Henry Lee, Esq., of IJoston, a cousin of 
John C. Lee, and for many years his associate in business, 
will be read with interest for its discriminating truth, its 
economy of words, and the wealth of signiticance packed 
in them; as well as for its vivid anecdotes, and suggcs- 

IIIST. COLL. XV 4 



50 

tive parallels between Mr. John C. Lee and others of 
his lineage : — 

"The features of Mr. John C. Lee were strongly marked, 
he was like 'a study in two crayons,' as the French would 
say, there was not much shading in his character. 

The trait l)y which he was distinguished, was his hon- 
esty and sturdy independence, this flavored his speech and 
gave character to his opinions and actions. 

He was naturally conservative, incredulous of new 
schemes, more prone to revert to the ways of our fore- 
fathers ; and his natural aversion to labor and agitation 
combined with his conservatism to harden him against 
novel doctrines. 

As with his opinions, so with his pursuits, he was in- 
dependent ; a great reader and a lover of nature, his gar- 
den and his study were his favorite haunts. 

He was too reserved to discourse about his private 
affairs, too manly to bewail his losses and disappoint- 
ments, too modest to obtrude his advice or criticisms, too 
noble to indulge in gossip or detraction. He was deferen- 
tial to all whose age or character commanded his respect, 
he was a lover of children and delighted in their com- 
pany, he was jocose and kindly with his equals, taciturn 
in the presence of strangers, curt to those whom he dis- 
liked — somewhat dictatorial in little matters, in all great 
concerns he was conciliatory and magnanimous. 

He was more generally respected than liked ; there were 
enthusiastic men whom he chilled, ceremonious men Avhom 
he annoyed, pretentious men whom he overlooked, mean 
men whom he slighted. 

Such a man is necessarily somewhat isolated, his per- 
sonality is too defined, 'he cannot forfeit his individuality 
to follow in the wake of public opinion, he will not bow 
-down to the great golden image, nor swear allegiance to 



51 

my Lord prosperity.' 'All tho king's servants, that were 
in the king's gate, bowed, and reverenced Hainan : for 
tho king had so commanded concerning him. But Mor- 
deciii bowed not, nor did him reverence.' It is curious 
to trace the transmission of traits from one generation to 
another; in this instance the trace is so distinct, that we 
might say Mr. Lee's peculiarities were generic. 

His grandfather's grandfather was one of the congre- 
gation of the New North Church in Boston, who aggrieved 
at the imposition of a colleague pastor against their pro- 
test and that of the eight ministers of Boston, and dis- 
gusted with the prevarications of the candidate and his 
desertion of his country parish, quitted their old place of 
worship, built half at their cost, and founded the New 
Brick Church. 

Another instance of his sturdiness was his suit : — 
Thomas Lee, merchant, vs. Honble. "Wait Winthrop, 
Esqre., and Adam ^Vinthrop, Esqre., for funeral ex- 
penses of Martha, widow of Deane Winthrop (grand- 
mother of T. L. by a former marriage). 

Undaunted by an unfavorable decision by the Inferior 
Court of Common Pleas, he appealed to the Superior Court 
of Judicature, pleading 'that he having advanced it trust- 
ing to their honor and Justice, especially as the sum was 
so moderate and reasonable; the plaintitfwas obliged and 
did advance the charge,' and gained his suit against these 
indel)ted magnates. By the records of the New Brick 
(afterwards called the Old North), it appears that Thomas 
Lee was upon every committee from the foundation, that 
the entertainments on days of ordination and other church 
testivals were always held at his house, that after mod- 
estly refusing year after year, he was at length prevailed 
upon to be chairman at their meetings, — that together 
with Honble. Thomas Hutchinson and three other diirni- 



52 

taries, 'he was desired to sit in the front as long as he 
thought proper,' and finally he was thanked by the church 
for his generous gift of pews, etc. 

The obituary of this old ruling elder bears the stamp 
of truth. July 21, 1766 : 'Yesterday morning died Mr. 
Thomas Lee, in the 94th year of his age, who in the 
early and active part of life carried on a considerable 
Trade in this Town, though he deserves to be recorded, 
rather for the unblemished Integrity of his Dealings, and 
the exact Punctuality of his Payments, than for the Ex- 
tent of his Trade, or the length of his life.' 

Mr. Lee certainly inherited the modesty, probity and 
independence of this remote ancestor. 

Thomas, the eldest sou of the above, graduated at 
Harvard College, 1722, was bred a merchant; after the 
death of his first wife, removed to Salem, the home of 
his maternal ancestors, the Flints, — was married to Lois 
Orne, d. of Timothy Orne, Esqre., and Lois Pickering 
29 Dec, 1737, was sent to the General Court as Repre- 
sentative 1739, 1740, and again in 1747, during Avhich 
time of service he was placed upon important committees. 
Felt remarks of him that 'he was entrusted with various 
duties in town and represented it in the General Court.' 
He died in service, 14 July, 1747. Like his great-grand- 
father, Mr. Lee removed from Boston to Salem, was 
there entrusted with various duties in town, and repre- 
sented it in the General Court. 

Joseph, the second son of old Thomas Lee, H. C. 
1729, likewise bred a merchant, was afterwards made 
judge of the Court of Common Pleas, married a daughter 
of Lt. Gov. Spencer Phips, had his home and an exten- 
sive estate on the Mt. Auburn road, Cambridge, side by 
side with his brothers-in-law, Lechmere and Vassall ; was 
one of the founders and wardens of Christ Church, and 
one of the unpopular Mandamus Councillors. 



53 

The following obituary notice Mas inserted in the 'Co- 
lumbian Ceutinel,' Boston, Dec. 3, 1802 : — 

'At Caml)ri(lfi:c, on Sunday last, Hon. Joseph Lee, aijed 
93. Durini; a lonfj lite Judge Lee was respected by all 
■who knew him. He was distinguished in society by the 
manners of a gentleman, and !)}' the habits and principles 
of an honest, honorable man. He was a kind neighbor, 
warm and sincere in his friendship. Attached to govern- 
ment from principle, he was a good subject to his king, 
under whom he executed the duties of an important ofUce 
with fidelity and honor ; and with equal tidelity he ad- 
hered to the government of the L'nited States, since tho 
Revolution. Li attendance on religious duties ho was 
exemplary, and, amidst tiie intirmities of age, he has seen 
with composure the slow approaches of death and fostered 
not the wish to lengthen the day of sorrow and pain. 
His funeral will proceed from the place of the decease, 
this afternoon, at half past 2 o'clock, which his friends 
and acquaintances are requested to attend without further 
invitation.' 

The points in common between Mr. Lee and his great- 
great uncle, the judge, — are their conservatism, their 
rigidity of haljits, and their possession of and taste for a 
fair garden. 

Mr. Lee's grandfather, Joseph Lee, born in Salem, 22 
May, 1744, was by the loss of his father, deprived of the 
advantage of a College course and forced by narrow cir- 
cumstances to go to sea. 

He, with the Messrs. Cabot, whose only sister Elizabeth 
he married, removed to Beverl}^ and after a term of 
sea-service, carried on an extensive business for many 
years with his distinguished brothcr-iu-law, the Honorabjo 
George Cai)ot who, as junior, had served him through all 
the grades from cabin-boy to partner." 

"The following paesnge from tho lately published biography of Mr. Cabot 
may certify that the Bubordinate lost nothing by it lax adniinislratiou of tlie 
captaincy.— E. B. W. 

" Sot yet seventeen years old, he bhippcd as cabin-boy in a vessel commanded 



54 

Mr. or Capt. Joseph Lee, as he was usually styled, had 
a great talent for mechanics, especially for ship-building, 
a numerous fleet designed by him were sent out as pri- 
vateers during the War of the Revolution, and afterwards 
to Europe and the East and West Indies. After his re- 
tirement from active business the projectors of the Essex 
Bridge having for some cause lost their engineer, besought 
Mr. Lee to act in that capacity which he did to their 
satisfaction, which they testified by the presentation of a 
silver pitcher (Mr. Lee having refused any compensa- 
tion) , upon which unexpected occasion he is reported to 
have exclaimed 'that if he had known they would make 
such d — d fools of themselves he would never have 
touched their bridge.' 

Like many old sea-captains, Mr. Lee took a great 
interest in his garden not only during his residence at 
Beverly, but even in his extreme age he could often be 
seen in the garden of his son-in-law, Judge Jackson, op- 
posite his home in Boston, directing the gardener, or, 
saw in hand, high on the ladder, pruning or grafting his 
pear trees. 

Early in this century, Mr. Lee and the Cabots moved 
to Boston where Mr. Lee died on Feb. 6, 1831, aged 87 
years. 

His character as portrayed by his minister, the Rev. 
Alexander Young, might be taken, word for word, as the 
obituary of his grandson : — 

'Bred to the sea in early life, Mr, Lee retained in sub- 
sequent years the physical and mental vigor which had 
been developed and nurtured by that perilous mode of. 

by his brother-in-law, Mr. Joseph Lee. Such a changre in his mode of life must 
have been a sharp one to a young collegian of studious habits; nor was his lot soft- 
ened by relationship witli his captain; for if family tradition may be trusted, Mr. 
Lee gave his young kinsman the full benefit of severe ship's discipline." Life and 
Letters of George Cabot, by Henry Cabot Lodge, p. 9. 



55 

hardy iiuliistry. His virtue was of the severest kind. 
All intk'xihle integrity, :i stern moral principle, an un- 
coinproniising adherence to truth and right, regardh\ss of 
eonsequenees, were its prominent characteristics. Firm, 
decided, independent, he formed his opinions of men and 
things for himself, and shaped his actions by his own sense 
of ]iroj)riety and duty. Kesolute in pursuing his own 
straight-forward course, he turned aside to interfere with 
no man's atlairs, and would sutler no man to interfere 
with his. Following the advice of the Apostle, he " stud- 
ied to be quiet, and to do his own business." Retiring 
and unobtrusive, he invaded no man's province, encroached 
upon no man's rights, detracted from no man's character. 
Though his morality was severe, yet he was neither austere 
in manner, nor morose in feeling. He would not de- 
signedly wound the feelings of the humblest individual, 
nor do harm to any living thing. Accessible to kindness, 
he recii)rocated it to all who came within the circle of his 
acquaintance ; and manifested, what I consider one of the 
most delightful traits in old age, an aft'ectionate interest 
in the concerns and pleasures of his youthful relatives. 
It is saying much for the goodness of an old man's lu'art, 
that children are glad to leave their sports to listen to his 
kind words and obtain his smile. 

Mr. Lee's religious views were sober, rational, liberal. 
He had great faith in the merit and elKcacy of good works, 
and did not like to hear moral virtue depreciated. Ho 
thought, that to benetit mankind was no mean way of 
serving God, and believed with Jeremy Taylor, that " God 
is pleased with no sacritices from below so much as in the 
thanksgiving songs of relieved widows, of supported or- 
phans, of rejoicing and comforted and thankful persons." 
He conceived that a well-spent lite is the best pieparation 
for death, and that a man's religion is of little worth, 
nnless it pervades, elevates and purities his whole char- 
acter. 

]\Ir. Lee was a truly l)enevolent man. Abhorring every 
thing like ostentation and paradi', he threw over his 
charities the veil of secresy, and it is only by the dis- 
closures of others that we have been made acquainted 



56 

with their variety and extent, as well as with the singular 
discrimination and delicacy with which they were dis- 
pensed. His late munificent donation of twenty thousand 
dollars to the M'Lean Asylum for the Insane, could not 
be concealed from the world. It elicited the spontaneous 
eulogy of the community, has enrolled his name on the 
list of our public benefactors, and secured for him a place 
in the grateful remembrance of posterity. 

Regular and temperate in all things, Mr. Lee was free, 
in an unusual degree, from the infirmities incident to old 
age. Till the day of his decease he retained the vigor 
and activity of youth. His frame was erect, and his step 
firm and elastic. The faculties of a strong understanding 
were unimpaired by the inroads of time or the ravages of 
disease. He contemplated the approach of death with 
the composure of a philosopher and the resignation of a 
Christian. He died, as he wished to die, before in the 
natural course of things, he should become a burden to 
himself, or a source of anxietj' to his relatives. He died, 
as he wished to die, suddenly, believing that to the pre- 
pared mind the change of worlds cannot be too rapid. 
He lived useful and beloved, and died respected and 
regretted, proving both in his life and in his death, that 
"the hoary head is a crown of glory if it be found in the 
way of righteousness." 

"Why weep ye then for hira. who, having run 
The bound of man's appointed years, at last, 
Life's blessings all enjoyed, life's labors done 

Serenely to his final rest has past ; 
While the soft memory of his virtues yet 
Lingers like twilight hues, when the bright sun is set. 

"His youth was innocent : his riper age 

Marked with some act of goodness every day; 
And watched by eyes that loved him, calm, and sage, 

Faded his late declining years away. 
Cheerful he gave his being up, and went 
To share the holy rest that waits a life well spent." 

Mr. Joseph Lee had twelve children, several of whom 
died in childhood, his daughters all in early womanhood. 



57 

All, sons and tlaugliteis, inherited their father's nias- 
cnline strength of mind and simplicity of heart ; only 
two, Mr. Joseph and Capt. George Lee, his talent for 
naval architectnre which they exercised. Commodore 
Downes informed the writer that in the war of 1812 the 
'Lee model' was the favorite model in the Navy. None 
of them had his precision and love of order, and ability to 
regnlate the details of family and business affairs for 
which he was eminent ; all shared his love of nature and 
skill in gardening, and like their father, the sons were 
sagacious, enterprising merchants. 

Father and sons shunned display, declined public office, 
finding resources in their books, their gardens and the 
constant society of a large circle of family and friends. 

But while unwilling to take office, or to appear in 
public, they were interested in all political movements, 
awake to all public claims to which they responded liber- 
ally. 

The children were of a more mercurial temperament 
than their father, had remarkable powers of conversation, 
full of wit and humor and a corresponding liability to 
depression ; their perceptive faculties were keen, they 
were alive to all the phenomena of nature, to all the 
qualities good and bad of their fellowmen, and their frank 
utterances were not always relished. 

President Kirkland, who for a time kept bachelors' hall 
with three of the Lee brothers, used to say 'that the Lee 
gentlemen were certainly hypocrites, for they took great 
pains to conceal their good qualities,' and this hal)it, duo 
partly to shyness, partly to dread of eft'u^?iveness, con- 
duced to a misunderstanding of their character beneath 
the assumed hardness or bantering. 

.'There is a sweetish pulpy manner, which I have ob- 
served uniformly covers, both in men and women, a 



58 

bitter kernel,' and there is a certain crustiness and humor- 
ousness which often shelters tender sensibilities, quick 
sympathies, and there is a certain apparent eccentricity 
among: all original thinkers. 

Capt. Joseph Lee was wont to attribute all the Lee 
peculiarities to the 'Orne kink,' whatever that was. 

Of Mr. Nathaniel Cabot Lee, the father of Mr. John 
C. Lee, I only know that he was a friend of Mr. Francis 
C. Lowell (one of the founders of our Cotton manufac- 
ture), that he was highly esteemed as a man, highly 
reputed as a merchant, that he was born in Beverly, 30 
May, 1772, graduated H. C. 1791, married Mary Ann 
Cabot, and died in the island of Barbadoes whither he 
had gone for his health, 14 January, 1806, leaving one 
only child to whom he willed half of his fortune (a 
competent one for those days, and large for a young man 
of 34 to have acquired), deducting some generous lega- 
cies to his wife's family. Whether Mr. Nat. Lee (as he 
was called), possessed the humor and fluent conversational 
powers of his brothers, I cannot say ; his son, Mr. John 
C. Lee was more reserved and not so sparkling, although 
by no means deficient in humor." 

Mr. Lee's love of children and sympathy with them, 
and his flow of tender feeling was fully known to but a 
few who saw him intimately, and in hours of the most 
private unreserve. In this softness of heart under a man- 
ner ordinarily inclined to be impatient with sentimentality, 
another parallel might be traced with a like uudemon- 
strative sensibility, mostly hidden from observation and 
unsuspected in earlier men of his family. Anecdotes of 
too private a nature to be here introduced, could they be 
given, would movingly illustrate this depth and gentle- 
ness of nature, while some of them would, moreover, 
exhibit a fine sense of honor and rare chivalry of spirit 



59 

lying behind the bhiff ways and laconic phrase of these 
men, soniotimcs thought to "take })ains to conceal their 
good qualities." 

The characteristics of Mr. Lee in which he resembled 
ancestors l)earinir tlie same famil}' name with himself iiave 
been more fully exhibited because the means of showing 
them have been at hand. No doubt, if it were possible 
to trace with an equal research the lineaments of other 
families from which he descended, equally interesting and 
authentic likenesses mis^ht be desinjnated in a walk tin-oujrh 
these several portrait galleries. It is impossible at least 
not to notice that some of his strongest and most indi- 
vidual traits, if mainly derived from Lee ancestors, w^ere 
signally re-enforced by powerful tributaries which may 
almost dispute with this, and with each other, the honor 
of being the main spring. The most casual acquaintance 
with the Pickerings and Cabots leads up by an open path 
to the discovery that John Lee's worship of truth, sin- 
cerity of speech, squareness of integrity, independence 
of public opinion, disinterestedness in public service, sen- 
sitiveness of honor, decision of mind sometimes accounted 
obstinacy of prejudice, his love of knowledge and close- 
ness of observation in travel, were the reappearance of 
what had been noted as characteristic traits in foregoing 
men and women, of one blood, if not of the same name 
with himself. Timothy Pickering and George Cabot, to 
nanijD no others, were men whose history is well known. 
In their fearless and unflinching adherence to a position 
once deliberately taken, in the tirmness against adverse 
criticism and influences likely to move men of less nerve, 
for which Ihey were both distinguished, John Lee showed 
himself kin to them. When he had deliberated and de- 
cided, he was not likely to turn his ear to the public 
clamor, or, any more, to the suri)rised ol)jectiou8 of his 



60 

friends. We recognize the family likeness as we read in 
the pages of the biographer of Cabot, that : "Among the 
New Eiiglanders, the men of Boston and Salem, of Mar- 
blehead and Newburyport, George Cabot was only one of 
many whose minds ripened into a peculiar flavor, and 
grew strong with a robust and masculine vigor, in this 
school which never failed to leave on its scholars a char- 
acteristic stamp of the quarter-deck and a dash of salt 
water. . . . Mr. Cabot's education . . . was typical of 
the mode of thought and manner of life which bred up a 
class of clear-headed, strong-willed, sensible men, at a 
time when the sentimentalism, which at a later day flooded 
the country, would have been ruinous. Such education 
was essentially practical, but its practicality was of that 
sort which seeks in past experience a guide for future 
action. The men of that age, while strilving out for 
themselves a new path in a new country, never fell into 
the mistake of abandoning practice in favor of theory. 
They may possibly have leaned too strongly in the other 
direction, but to look at facts as they were was the lesson 
which their early life had taught them ; and if from lack 
of imagination they went too far in their contempt for 
theory, at least they understood what they meant, and 
maintained their own cause with a native shrewdness and 
tenacity which stamped them as men of a peculiar mould." 
Though Mr. Lee was no politician in the common sense 
of that term, as being in the occupancy of public offices, 
or in the pursuit of any, or one who by voice or pen 
sought to guide popular opinion, he was a constant and 
intelligent observer of public affiiirs, both state and na- 
tional, and entertained well considered opinions respect- 
ing public men aud their policies ; opinions which he 
expressed with unreserved frankness whenever there was 
occasion. A whig, and incliuing to the conservative wing 



61 

of th.it party while it existed, from the time when the 
nuitterings of rebellion began to be heard his mind was 
made up, and his voice never faltered in the support of 
vigorous measures for its suppression. He put his sub- 
stance at the service of his country when the result of the 
struggle was involved in o1)scurity ; he gave liberally to- 
wards the relief and sanitary measures adopted to mitigate 
the sutierings of the soldiers and their families ; and if he 
left his sons free to decide for themselves whether to 
enlist in the army, he interposed no word or look to dis- 
courage them from such a step. The enlistment and 
arming of the negroes for the defence of the governient 
met his unhesitating approval. 

He valued money for its uses ; betraying no wish to be 
ranked with the munificent, he fell behind none in free 
and judicious giving according to his means for the relief 
of personal or general necessities, and for the help and 
encourairement of all efforts and enteri)rises looking to 
the public Avelfare. 

Not concentrating his charity in large benefactions on 
exceptional and isolated cases of calamity, not endowing 
at long inteivals new or old foundations in institutions of 
learning or charity, he gave to such, if the}' commended 
themselves to his judgment, as they needed, and as he 
Avas able, while he did not leave unheard, nor turn away 
unanswered, those less conspicuous and ever besetting 
appeals which flock to the audience room of listening com- 
passion. 

Of religion he had little to say; little even with his 
most intimate friends and in his hours of greatest freedom 
of communion. He left others to discuss theology. Ho 
valued such discussions and all speculative religion lightly 
as compared with upright living. Sectarianism found in 
him no encouragement. He cared little for the extension 



62 

of the denomination to wliich he belonged, as a denomi- 
nation. Wlien an appeal was made for money to send 
books and preachers to disseminate the theological tenets 
which he had supported all his life, he said : "But why 
should we try to bring all men to our own belief? Is it 
certain that they would be better, or happier?" He gave 
the money ; but as if in deference to the judgment of 
others, and not without some doubt in his own mind as to 
the wisdom of it. 

His doubt was not, however, indifference to religion. 
He was a steadfast upholder of religious institutions, and 
believed in the practical lessons of Christian morality and 
a Christian faith. He was an habitual attendant upon 
public worship till infirm health interfered with the habit. 
He was ready to serve upon committees chosen to build 
a church and to perfect the administration of the parochial 
system, for whose maintenance he accepted his full share 
of responsibility. Religion With him took the form in 
which it was epitomized by the prophet : it was to do 
justly, to love mercy and to walk humbly with God. 



COPY OF A FRAGMENT OF AN ACCOUNT-BOOK, 
KEPT BY GIBSON CLOUGH, 

NOW IN TOE POSSESSION OF MUS. \VM. C. BAKTON.^ 



COMMUNICATED BY W. G. U. 



1773. Salem April 12 Agree^i with y*' Wardina St. 
Peters Church to Sarve as Saxton in s*^ church for the 
sum of five pound^ p"" year. Duering plesure. 

An account of the Fuenarls &c. 

April 10. M" Lang Bureid with under Barers 

gavet 12 6 

21. M" Archer Buried with und"" Bar" 

English 12 

23. M" Holman Burid with under Barr'* 

Standley 12 6 

May 1. Mr Kob'Peall Burid with under Barr^ 

gavet 12 6 

19. Mr Bufinton Burid w^ und"" Barers 

Stand U-y 12 6 

Juno 19. Mrs Kimball Burid w' under liars 

English 1 2 6 

Mrs Beckett Buried with und"" Bars 

English 12 6 

To Tolling the Bell for Stanley 12 6 

July 1. to Buring Capt" Hall Xegrovc myself 4 



'Some account of Gibson Cluugli may bo fouml in I-;. I. H. Col.. Vol. Ill, pp. 
09, IM, lUJ. 

(68) 



64 

Dto 24. to Buring maiy Lister in y^ Church 
yard 

27 . M-" Joscp'' Mascoll Bur*^ w* und" Bar" 

English 
31. Mr^ Ingersoll Burid with under Barrs 

in the church Yard by Clough 
to tolling 2 Bells 30 s. to six Barres 

£ 6—15 s.— 
to seting a Corner Stone at the 

Church fence 

Aug. 7. M'' Kimball Buried w* under Barers 
English 
10. Capt.° Israel obear \v* und"" Barers 
Clough 
to Six Barr« £ 6— 15 s.— d. to 
tolling English^ Bell 15 s. 

22. M' Nunns child bured iu the Church 

yard 

23. Coll Benj™ Pickman Esq Buried with 
under Barr^ and in arms bell toll- 
ing Standley 

25. M' Savage Child Buriead in Church 

yard 
30. Capt. Lilley Child Buried in Church 
yard 
Sept. 7. Captn John Hoges wife Buried with 
under Barrs English 
13. Mrs Anstes Crowninshield Buried 
with under Barrs and tolling y® 
Church Bell English 

26. to tolling the Bell for will" King & 

a Negro [* *] 

28. M"" John young Buried with under 

Bars English 
Oct. 15. John Underwood^ Child Buried 

21. Ephr"" Glover Child Buried a* y^ 

point 2 5 



2 


5 





1 


2 


6 


5 








8 


5 








15 




1 


2 


6 


5 








7 


10 





2 


5 





1 


17 


6 


2 


5 





2 


5 




1 


2 


6 


1 


17 


6 


1 


5 





1 
2 


2 
5 


6 




65 

Oct. 2G. Mr' Sarah Beans Buried w' uiuT' Bar' 

English 12 6 

29. :M'' Ballard buried Mitli under Bar" 

Stand ley 12 6 

5. ^Ir* Margreat Sewcll Buried with 
under Ban-* and one man at ye 
toonibe 7 17 6 

to Toolling 2 Bells as Grants and 

Standley ^ 1 ]0 

to opeing the.Toambe and my other 

Sarvioe 6 15 

Nov. 2. David Walls Child buried in Shases 

Coats 3 5 

Dec. 29. Capt" thomas Bowdich Child Buried 

at ye point 2 10 

i\Ii-^ Sarve buried Avith under Barr^ 

English 12 6 

1774. 

Jan. 3. Mr Gorge Gardinr Buried with und'' 
Barr and tooling the Church Bell 
Standley 15 

4. Capt" Jonath" orne Burid w^ und"" bar" 

grant 12 6 

Dto Mr will™ Crowell wife Buried in ye 

Church yard 5 

12. Kecknoed with ni"" English and thir 
is Due to me g. Clough on Balance 
liftcy two shillings and six old 
tenor by way of the Funeralls &c. 

Cr by Cash 1 2 6 
15. M-- liichard Wells Child Buried in y^' 

church yard 17 

Feb. 9. M"" Joseph Cal)b()t bm-iod with under 
bar"" and tolling the Church bell for 
grantt 1 17 6 

HIST. COLL. XV 5 



6Q 

March 1. M"" Joushiia Richardson Buried wth 

under Barrs Standley 12 6 

7. Old madam Osgood Buried with 

und"" Barrers grant 12 6 

8. Elisabth Carrill Buried on pickrings 

hill 5 

20. Mr Samuell Blyth Buried with und"- 
Bar^ grants Bell toled & in the 
Churchyard Clough 13 15 

22. The Honr'^ Nathanell Ropes Esq and 
Court &c Buried with under Bars 
one of the Judges of y'^ Suprier 
and tolling y^ Church bell grant 1 17 6 
28. Mrs Chever Buried w* und'" Barr 

English * 12 6 

May 16. Capt.'' Charles King Buried with 

under Barrs in the Church yard 

and tooling all the Bells in town 

to my Sar vices diging the grave 

and tenda° 

to six unde Barrs at 22 s. 6 pr. Br 

to touling three Bells 

Sept. 25. M"" Elezer Moses Burid w* un*^ B"" 

Standley 12 6 

26. Coll John Higginson Bur*^ w' under 

Barrs and tool ling the Church 

Bell grant 1 17 6 

27. Standley Buried a child in y® Church 

yard 
Oct. 10. Capt" Aliens Wife Buried w* under 

Bars English 12 6 

14. Capt" John Ward Burid w* und'' Ba' 

grant 12 6 

Nov. 11. Mrs Wellcome Bur*^ w* und-" Ba"" 

English 1 17 6 

and tolling the Church Bell 
13. Mrs Blaney Burid w^und'^ Bars gavett 12 6 



5 








6 


15 





2 


5 






67 

Nov. 14. ^^r^; Ropes wife of Jonathan Ilopos 

IJurd with Vndcr Bares grant 1 2 G 

Dec. 4. M"" Sahw [Shaw?] Biirid in Church 



1774. Xovni]»r 23 this diiy Kecnoed with grant and 
Receved fortey sliillings in full to this day. G. Clouo'h. 

Dec. 24. Mr Johu Barton"'' Buried wt und' B' 

Grant 1 2 G 

27. Mr Philip Brown Buried under B' 

English 1 2 G 

1775. 

Feb. 9. Mr. Saniuell Archer wife liuried hy 

Clough 2 5 

12. James Foards child Buried i)y Clough 2 5 
Mar. 11. Mr. Johu Masury Wife Bur** w' und"" 

Bar' English 1 2 G 

13. Mr Lows child Buried in Church 

yard 2 5 

Apr. 20. Mr thomas Dowse buried in the 
chureh yard with under Barr.** and 
tolling grants and Standley Bells 1 10 
to opeing the toanibe and the paul 8 
to my attendance at the house and 

six poarters 9 

Dto. 20. mrs hannah Battou Buri'' uiul Barr' 

English 12 6 

Mrs Austess phippcn liur' un'' Bar" 

Stand ly I 2 G 

23. mr Benjmin Williams Bur'' un''"" Bar" 
(Javeatt and tolling the Church 
Bell for Williams 1 17 6 



'John Barlon was the eon of Thomas and Mnry (Willoughby) Bnrton, b. Dec. 
6, ITU. He kept an nputhccnry store on Ksscx btreet, wu!> never mnrricd, niul d. 
Dec.il, 1771. 



68 

May 9. Mr Boots child Buried in ye Church 

yard 2 5 

16. Judge Ropes mother Burid wt under 

Bar^ grants 12 6 

1780. the town of Salem Dr. 

Mar. 13. by order of mr ^oyce town Clark to ringing 
the bell for ye town meeting four times in 
one day. 

Dto. 27. to Ringing the Bell for the Jourument twice 
in the day. 

1779. Salem Jan. &c. 

this day I took charge of the North Meeting- 
House in said town, as Saxton for the sum 
of thirtey pound^ Currant money pr year. 

An Account of fuenarls &c. £ s 

Jan. 25. Mrs Veary Buread by grant with 

under Bar^ 
Feb. 4. Mrs Crain Buruid for grant paid 
7. Mr William Collings son John Buriad 
paid 
27. the child of mrs Porter Bur'' paid 
Mar. 7. Mr Joseph Gavets mother Burid paid 
11. Mrs Dolley Archer Buried w"' under 
Barr^ by Grant 
Apr. 20. Mrs. Ruth Ruck Buried and paid 
26. Mr Rust Child Burid paid 

1780. 

Feb. 17. Mr Right Burid from the work house 
by English ye Saxtons attend my 
part 6 

Dto 20. Mrs Mary Cloutman Burid, pr Clough with 
under Barers ; English Being Lame Andrew 
paull all this paid 



3 


4 


4 


10 


3 




3 


10 


4 


10 


3 


4 


7 


16 


3 


12 



69 

Feb. 22. Mr William Kowcll Biirid hy Clongh Delaiuls 

paull on pickrins hill this is paid. 
April 3. Mary the Dau<i:hter of Capt Beiij West Bur} d 
on pickring hill paid 

1780. Salem. 

April 2. Capt Samuell Webb with under Bar* by English 
to Carring and tolling my hell 40 dollcrs i):iid 
14. Sarah the wife of Capt Samuell IIoi)l)s Buryed 
with under' Barr* and tollin": English bell 
350 pap'' DoUers this paid 
20. Elisabeth ye Daughter of Capt° Benj"* West 
buryed with porters and paull holders ; by 
Clough this paid 

the Revr' William M<=Gillchrist DD and minis- 
ter to the Episcopal Church in Salem Died 
24. 19 Ult aged 70 years and was buryed in M' 
Barr' tomb in ye Church yard a Sermond 
being prech*^ in s** Chu'' i)y y^ Rev'' M"" parker 
this is from boston the text being taken in ye 17 
jjaid psalm at 15 verse But as for me &c &c 

27. John porteingilll Buryed mrs Ingalls by order 
of Mr. Miles AVard ; to four porters Carring 
him (!) to ye grave viz. Clough English 
and y® 2 gavets to ye Velvett paull, Sum 
total in dolrs -360 

29. ]\Ir Jonathan AVoodman buryed by ,T. Gavett 

with porters my part 45 Dolrs i)aid 

30. .M"" thomas Butler buryed by Nurs with \)ov- 

ters my part 45 Dolrs this paid. 

In ye year 1780 Jan'y 13 Bury'' by Philip English 
Sarah manninu: Jn Kiirlit John foot Elerson Child Jn 
worby Child imrker Child Cap' S'*' Webb. 

Salem December 25 A.D. 1774 m'' thomas Dnckintield 
Daughter Marv IJaptized in St peters Chu By y Kevcrd 
m^ Will'" :M'(j;illchrist. 

Their sou W^illiam Born in Salem In Febry 14 A D 1779. 



NOTES AND EXTRACTS FROM THE 
"RECORDS OF THE IFIRST CHURCH OF SALEM, 

1629 TO 1736."! 

/ 

J 

COMMUNICATED BY JAMES A. EMMERTON, M. ». 



This treasure of genealogical facts, to which the myr- 
iad descendants of early Salem settlers must look for 
ancestral dates, is, very properly, secluded from easy 
public inspection. Its pages, crumbling with the wear 
and tear of more than two centuries, would, under pro- 
miscuous examination, easily lose even more of the irre- 
parable records which thrifty scribes have carried in their 
antique and sometimes almost microscopic hand to the 
very edge. 

I have made an attempt to collect all, as yet unpub- 
lished, that is of interest to the genealogist, and, review- 
ing that already published, diminish the desire, if not 
entirely remove the necessity, for future seekers to refer 
to the original record. 

Judge White's published record of the proceedings at 
church-meetings, pp. 45-117, nearly identical with the 
manuscript for the first decade, 1660-70, and afterward 



1 Records of the First Church of Salem, 1629 to 1736. 

New England Congregationalism, etc., etc., by Daniel Appleton White, Salem, 
1801. 

Address at the Rededication of the First Church in Salem, Mass., 8 Dec, 1867, 
bj^ Charles W. Upham, Salem, 1807. 

Annals of Salem, etc., J. B. Felt, Salem, 1827. 

70 



71 

embracing everything of general interest, follows the 
original with reniarkal)le fidelily, contrasting in that par- 
ticuhir with such extracts, lists of dismissed members, 
etc., as may be found in Felt's Annals. For instance, 
the Thanksgiving appointed tor the 8th Nov., 1665, for 
"seasonable rain when there were fears of a drought," is 
recorded by Mr. Felt as "because of comfortable food," 
and the prayer of the Rev. Mr. Iligginson "the Lord 
give good success" to the force sent to make reprisal 
upon the Indians, to whom the "Lord had given connnis- 
siou to take no less than 13 of ye Fishing Catches of 
Salem," is rendered by our annalist "The Lord gave them 
success." 

All agree that the record previous to 1660 is a copy, by 
one hand, from the original record sequestered at that 
time by vote of the church. 

Judge White says, "These transcript records are evi- 
dently in the same hand writing, and appear to have been 
transcribed with great care." 

Mr. Upham says, "copied in his (Ililliard Veren's) own 
most excellent hand writing, well known to all who have 
occasion to consult old court papers in the files." 

The Rev. Thomas Barnard Jnn. in the manuscrii)t c()[)y 
he made for the Xorth Church, says, "a bad transcriber 
who has mispelt names grossly." 

Frankly preferring Judge White's estimate of the copy- 
ist, to that of the Rev. Mr. Barnard, I hesitate in sug- 
gesting a doubt as to the individual whom Mr. Upham so 
confidently considers the transcriber. 

Ililliard Veren's well known hand writing has, never- 
theless, a wonderful variet}'. His sigiiatnic, spelled as 
above, in two Jxrafs, in my possession, dated Kiill, I»ears 
little resemblance to the Ilillyard Veren of the church-list 
but, per contra, other signatures of 1653 and 1661, are 



72 

very similar, and in the deed in which one of these occurs, 
he supplies Edward Hilliard with a different spelling for 
his surname, in three out of four times writing it. 

One peculiarity of his writing is an indifferent use of 
the various forms of the small e, while the copyist con- 
fines himself not strictly, but with surprising closeness to 
the Greek Epsilon. 

On the whole, I do not care to insist upon the very 
striking resemblance of the name of Mr. Edward Norrice, 
as that appears in the church-list on the 29, 10 mo., 1639, 
to a tracing of the signature of his son Edward Norice, 
which I had obtained through the courtesy of Geo. R. 
Curwen, Esq., from an old ledger in his possession. The 
ingenious suggestion of W. P. Upham Esq., that the 
younger Norice, as school-master, had fixed some of the 
marked characteristics of his own style in the hand writing 
of his pupils, may account for that resemblance. 

The interesting paper printed in Vol. I, pp. 38-39, of 
these Collections is from a copy made by David Pulsi- 
fer, Esq., of Boston, of a manuscript in his possession, 
in the handwriting of the Rev. John Fiske and, evidently, 
his private record of parochial matters in Salem, Wen- 
ham and Chelmsford. Since these lists, which, for con- 
venience, we will call the Fiske and Church Record lists, 
are, although purporting to cover the same ground, fiir 
from identical, a collation of the two becomes interesting 
as much from their dissimilarities as from their coinci- 
dences, and because the complete Church Record enables 
us to supply the deficiencies of the Fiske Record. 

I think that neither Judge White nor Mr. Upham, quite 
sufficiently marked these differences. True, they are 
but slight in the earlier part, as to which Judge White 
says, the names are the "same in both," but Mr. Upham's 
remark," many names escaped him" seems founded rather 



73 



upon his knowledije of the men of those times, than upon 
a comparison of the two li.sts. 

In the sul (joined table identical names have been 
dropped. 



Fiske. 



Will Banu 


Sam 


A. 


Tho 




Edm 


hall 


Job 






ims [Irry] - 




derm an 




Bartholomew 




uo Browiiiug 


Tho Goldwhatye 



William Grose 
Jo Fiske 
John Hardy 
Hen Burchall 
Edw Batchelder 
Jn Hinds 
Ric Waters 
Bcnj Felton 
Tho Olny 
Wm Clerk 
Daniel Ray 
James Gafford 
Tho Antru 
Jos Grafton 

Ilanna Manrie 

Elly 

Eliz 

Marth 



Church lieconl. 

William Bownd 
Samnell Archer 
Thomas Lolhrop 
Edmond Marshall 
John Humphy 
Frances Skerry 
John Alderman 
Henry Bartholomew 
Thomas Browning 
Thomas Golthwrite 
William Hatliorne 

his wife 
Moses Maverick 

his wife 
William Goose 



Henry Burdsall 
Joseph Bachelder 
James Hiudes 



Garvice Garford 
Thomas Antrum 

A lie Browne 
Hannah Moore. 
Pollen P^elton 
Eli/aheth Allen 
Martha Woolfc 



'III comparing tho printed Fiske list with llio maniisiript, I lia<l tlic vnluiiMe 
appistnnce of Mr. H. F. Waters. Mr. I'lilsifur n^'n-i-d with ii» in the r<>rro(tion» 
includtMl in the l)ra<kct3, and in the reading of bhelton or iiosHibly Skelton, in 
place of Anne Stretton. 

» The copyist had nearly written Edward and substituted Joaoph. 



74 



Elyn B 

Gertrude Elford 
Katherin Digvveed 
Mary Lord 

Brayne, vid. 

Hart 
Eliz Williams* 

Turner, vid, dead 

Sanders, dead 

Marshal 
Eliz Goldthwayt 
Alice Baggerly* 
Gift Gott 
Margaret Weston 
Anne Eiske 
Arabella Norman 
Anne Spoouer 
Jane Anthrop 
Tryphen Myrrel 
Anne Stretton^ [Shelton] 

Kay 

Southwick 

arkes '' 
Marg euer [dener] ^ 

Mary 
Mary Port 

Holmes 
Mary Grafton 
Martha Tho'son 

Edwards 



EUyn Backenbury 
Gartrud Ellerd 

Abigaile Lord 
Agnes Brayne, wid. 
Arabella Norman'' 
Mary Hart 
Eleazer Williams 
Elizabeth Turner 

Millesent Marshall 



Arabella Norman 
Amy Spooner 

Triphene Marritt 



Cassandra Southwick 

Margarett Gardner 
Mary Lemon 
Mary Porter 
Katherne Holme 



Edwards 



The deficiencies of the Fiske list, as printed, except 
the five omitted names, are to be ascribed to accident, or 
rather to the rents made by the autiqne pins by whose 
help the loosened sheets have retained their places till 



* Arabella Norman appears twice in the Church Record 21, 3, 163G, and 25, 12, 
1G37. 

*Mr. Savage in his Gen. Diet., adopts this Eleazer Williams. He is not found 
elsewhere. What Mr. Savage says of his wife and daughter Eliz., is true of Eliz., 
wife of John and daughter of Henry Skerry. Their daughter Eliz. was baptized 
5, 2, 16G3. 

« See Vol. xni, p. 150, of these Collections. 

^ "Arkes" cannot now be made out in the manuscript. 



75 

our time, and it will be noticed that it contains seventeen 
names which find no place on the permanent record. 

Among these the names of the men may be found in 
Felt, p. 548, "of original inhabitants except those who 
were members of the church." These men were promi- 
nent citizens, and their names appear frequently in the 
town records. 

Without insisting on the church membership of the 
others it may be assumed that John Fiske, who "assisted 
Mr. Peters in preaching," should find a place on the list. 

The dilapidation of the first record book, one reason 
for its abandonment in 1660, may be sufficient reason for 
the failure of the copyist of that date to extricate all the 
names of church members. 

The present book contains no list of members, other 
than the minutes of the meetings at which they were 
admitted, until 1718. If this custom obtained previous 
to 1660 and Mr. John Fiske kept record of the meetings, 
no one, who has tried to decipher his hand-writing, will 
wonder at the discrepancy. 

The Church Record list of members, down to 1659, 
has marginal notes of deaths, excommunications, remov- 
als, dismissals and recommendations, all without date. 

Mr. Felt (p. 552) has printed this list, including 1650, 
with substantial correctness. 

The manuscript, however, inserts (in another hand) 
Alice Browne after John Browne, 1637 ; it calls Anne 
Moore, Agnes Brayne and Anne Eobinson, of that year, 
widows ; it re-inserts Thomas Veunor after Deliverance 
Peeter, 1640; it distinguishes the Jane Verens as wives 
of Phill. and Joshua ; it does not name the wife of John 
Kitchin, 1643 ; and it calls Nicholas Pacy, in 1650, Patch. 

As the mere fact of death may be taken for granted, 
and excommunication has little genealogical interest, the 
list subjoined only includes those under the other heads. 



76 



rec. 
rem. 



John Eudecott, 

Peeter Palfrye, 

Eoger Maurye, 

John Holgrove, 

Thomas Read, 

Kichard Davenport, 

John Blackleech, 

Eliz. Davenport, 

Susanna Fogge, 

Alice Ager, 

Anne IngersoU, 

Edmond Marshall, 

Lydea Bankes, 

Ann Garford, 

Deborah Holmes, 

James Moulton, 

Eliza Blackleech, 

Thomas Avery, 

Triphene Marritt, 

Emanuell Downing, 

Lucy Downing, 

Kathern Holm, 

William Osborne, 

Francis Higgeson, 
Edwards, 

Markes Fermayes, 

Thomas Moore, 

Martha his wife, " 

Scicillea Harnett, rem. 

Prescis Walker, " 

Mary Harbert, " 

Lydea Holgrove, " 

Edmond Tompson, dis. 

William Steevens, rem. 

Jane, w. of Phill. Veren, " 

Tho. Ruck & wife, rec. to Boston. 

Charles Glover, rem. 

widdow Eastwick, " 

Jane, w. of Joshua Veren, " 
w. of Richard Graves, " 
w. of John Cook, " 

Sarah Hopcott, " 

Thomas Marstone, rec. 



rec. 
rem. 



dis. 



Abygaile Fermayes, rec. 

goodman Bulfinch, dis. 
Ruth Mousall, letter & testimon'l. 

Abell Kelly, rem. 

Susan Concklyne, dis. 

Phillemon Dickerson, " 
Phineas Fiske "weuam," rem. 

Elizabeth Wright, . " 

Frzwith Osborne, " 

Richard Pettingall, rec. 

John Cooke, rem. 

Robert Gutch, " 

Mary Devinish, rec. 

Ann Bulfinge, dis. 

Nathanyell Norcross, " 

Katheren Pacy, rem. 

Elizabeth Glover, " 

James Fiske, " 

Elizabeth Maury, " 

Wm. Brown, Glover, dis. 

Benjamin Fermaies, rec. 

Robert Allen, " 

Robert Elwell, dis. 

Joane White, " 

Thomas Edwards, rem. 

Rebeca Cooper, " 

Mary Goyte, rec. 
John Hathorne, dis. 

Richard Dodge, rec. 

John Bourne, rem. 

Edward Harnett, jun., " 

John Scudder, " 

his wife, 
Lucy Downing, ye younger, rem. 

Abigaile Montague, " 

Ralph Smith, dis. 

Mary Dickerson, " 

Eunice Porter, rem. 

goodw' Towne, " 

Alexander Feild, rec. 

Elizabeth Concklin, rem. 

Mr. Felmingame, •* 

Wm. Vinson, et uxor, " 



77 

The following list, made up from the body of the 
records, includes all other transfers to and from other 
churches, up to 1743 : — 

Admissions and Dismissions tfi and from First Church in Salem. 
{Church Becords.) 

16G0. Eev. John Higginson and wife, from Gilford. 

1661, Oct. Mr. Blaclileach and wife, to Hartford. 

1661, 22, 11. J. Rising, from Bermudas. 

1662, 10 Sept. Bro. Raym't and his wife, to Seabrook. 
1662, 12, 11. Mrs. Sarah Ruck, from Concord. 

1662, 12, 11. Robart Allen, to Norwich. 

1663, 7 Sep. Eunice Smith, ye wife of Bro. Potter, to Fairfield. 
1663, 9 Nov. Bro. Browning, to Topsfleld. 

1663, 10 Dec. Mr. Got and wife and his son Charles, to Wenham. 

1663, 10 Dec. Math. Bachilor, to Wenham. 

1664, 27 Mar. Jone Pitman, ye wife Tho. Pitman, of Marblehead. 
1664, 5, 4. Wm. Douuton and his wife and Edw'd, Humber, from 

Weymouth. 
1664, 19, 4. Johanna Town and Margaret Reddington, to Topsfleld. 
1664, 6, 9. Mrs. Lydia Banks (absent 22 years), to London. 

1664, 6, 9. Our Honoured Governor and his wife, to Boston. 

1665. Mr. Curwithy and his daughter Curtis, to Southhold. 
1665. Our brother and sister Harvy, to Southhold. 

1667, 4, 5. Susanna Walker, to Boston. 

1667, 6 Aug. Joseph Phipeny and Dorcas his wife, from Boston. 

1669, 9. James Rising, to Windsor. 

1671, 25 June. Mr. Elias Stileman, to Portsmouth. 

1671, 25 June. Sister Wheeler to New London or to Norwich. 

1672. Mrs. Corwin, Sen. (b'p'd in Plimouth), by letter from 

Marshfleld. 

1672. An Peas, from Ipswich. 

1673. Sara Giles, from Linne. 

1674. 19 Eeb. Joseph Brown, to Charlestown. 

1676, 20 Apr. Thos. Stacy, ye miller, Susanna his wife and 9 children, 
from Ipwich, of the ch. Thos., Wm., Jno. and 
Susanna ai'e legible. 

1676, 27 Aug. Mrs. Grafton (formerly Mrs. Lothrop), from Beverly. 

1676, Jan. Mary Higginson, ye Pastor's wife from 1st Ch. at Bos- 

ton. 

1677, 5 Aug. Peter Clois, from York. 

1677, 7 Oct. Mr. Cheevers, ye minister of M'head dismissed from 
Ipswich. 



1678 


9 Mar. 


1678 


9 Mar. 


1678 


4 Aug. 


1678 


11 Aug. 


1678 


11 Aug. 


1678 


11 Aug. 


1678 


11 Aug. 


1G79 


10 Mar. 


1679 


10 Mar. 


1679 


Feb. 


1680 


10 Mar. 


1680 


2 May. 


1680 


2 May. 


1681 


6 Oct. 


1682 


Juue. 


1682 


Nov. 7. 


1683 


Nov. 


1684 


11 Mar. 


1686 


7 Dec. 


1695 


Mar. 


1695 


18 Aug. 


1696 


3 May. 


1696 


14 June 


1696 


5 Mar. 


1696 




1697 




1697 




1697 


7 Nov. 


1697 


7 Nov. 


1699 


2 July. 


1699 


2 July. 


1699 


5 Aug. 


1701 


Jan. 


1701 


Feb. 


1702 


March. 


1702 


March. 


1702 


7 June. 


1702 


Aug. 


1703 


6 June. 


1703 


6 June. 


1703 


1 Aug. 


1705 


6 May. 



78 



John Collins his wife from Gloster? 

Thos. "West (removing to Bradford) to Haverhill. 

Sis. Taply (w. of Gilbert?), from Beverly. 

Mrs. Baldwin, a French gentlewoman some years since, 

from He of Jarsy. 
Mrs. Endecot, from Wenham. 
G. Fuller, from Rehoboth. 
Mr. White, from Scituat. 

Simeon Booth and Mary Penniwel from ye Eastward. 
Robai't Fuller (?G. goodmau above) from Rehoboth. 
Hanna Tyle, from Haverhill. 
Mrs. Broadstreet, dismissed. 
Geoi'ge Keisar, from Lin. 
Mary, Avife of Deacon Gidney, from Boston, 
Jo Peas and wife, to Springfield. 
Mr. White, to Marshflcld. 
W. Booth and wife, to Springfield. 
Mr. Daniel Eps and wife, from Ipswich. 
Mrs. Roger Conant (by letter from ch. in) Ireland. 
Martha Mackallam, from Lynn. 
Mrs. Margaret Sewall, ch. of ch., at Cambridge. 
Francis Ellis, from a ch. in Ireland. 
Daniel Bacon, baptized at Lynn. 

Hanna Gavet, wife of Philip, ch. of ch., of Cambridge. 
Mary Woolcot, wife of Mr. Josiah, ch. of North ch. at 

Boston. 
William Murry, baptized in Scotland. 
Susanna Bacon, wife of Daniel, sen., ch. of ch. at Lynn. 
Elizabeth Hunt, wife of Lewis, ch. of ch., at Cambridge. 
Isaac Fits, ch. of ch., at Ipswicli. 

Sister Abigail Leads, formerly Kibbens, to Doi'chester. 
Sarah (Bavage?) now Dennis, to Ipswich. 
Sarah Hadlock, to Salem village. 
Sister Candish now (Earl) to North ch. at Boston. 
Sarah Coburn, wife of Edward, ch. of ch., at Beverly. 
Sarah Higginson, wife of Colonel John from Boston. 
Howard, wife of Samuel, baptized at Beverly. 
Marston, wife of Benjamin, ch. of ch., at Ipswich. 
Eunice Willis, wife of Robert, ch. of ch., at Topsfield. 
Mascol, widow of John, ch. of ch., at Beverly. 
James Rix and wife i-ecommended to 
John Chaplin, in New Jersey. 

Mary West, wife of Samuel, ch. of ch., at Newbury. 
Judith West, wife of Henry, from Newbury. 



170c 



79 



5 Aug. Doctor "Wheeler, ch. of ch., at Concord. 



1705, 7 Oct. Experience Norton, from North Ch. at Boston. 
1707, 1 June. Proctor, wife of John, from Chebacco. 

1707, 5 Oct. Isaac Fits, to Ipswich. 

1708, 7 Nov. Priscilla and John Mash, to 

1708, 21 Nov. Judith Reeves, wife of Cockerill, owned covenant here, 

1709, 5 June. John Rogers, to Boxford. 

1711, 7 Oct. Rev. Samuel Philips and wife Hannah, to Andover. 

1712, 8 Feb. Elizabeth lugalls, late of Lynn. 

1713, 25 June. Capt. Simon Willard and wife, from Ipswich. 

1715, 28 Aug. Hannah Derby, wife of Samuel, had been baptized and 

two children, at Southold, L. I. 

1716, 29 Apr. Knap, wife of Isaac, ch. of ch., at Cambridge. 
1716, 15 July. Mary Flint, wife of Joseph, ch. of ch., at Charlestown. 

1716, 5 Aug. Joseph Neal, from Presby. Ch. in Penn., at Newcastle. 

1717, 17 Mch. Mary Bullock, wife of John, ch. of ch., at Reading. 
1717, 2 June. Margaret Hartwell, formerly Tomkins, to Concord. 
1717, 8 Sep. Elizabeth Elson, w. of Samuel, ch. of ch., at Chebacco. 
1719, 1 Mch. John Cole, baptized in England. 

1719, 17 May. Martha Cook, wife of Isaac, baptized in Chebacco. 

1719, 14 June. Elizabeth Pierce, to New. 

1719,^18 Oct. Susannah Howe, wife of John, to Marlborough. 

1720, 2 July. Susannah Prettice, from the Village. 

1720, 14 Aug. Joshua Hicks, baptized in South Church, at Boston. 

1720, 20 Nov. Rebecca Grinslett, wife of James, baptized at Reading. 

1721, 16 July. Nathaniel Thomas, to Plymouth. 

1721, 10 Dec. Ichabod Plaisted, baptized at Portsmouth in Piscataqua. 
1721, 7 Jan. Rebecca Brown, wife of Peter, baptized at Beverly. 
1721. John Mugford, baptized at Newfoundland. 

1721. Jane Luscomb, w. of William, bapt. at Newfoundland. 

1723. • Brother Samuel Howard and wife Mary, to Reading. 

1725, 20 June. Margaret Felt, wife of Boufleld, baptized at Newton in 
Ireland. 

1725, 3 Oct. Iveturah Douglasse, wife of \Vm., bapt. in Wenham. 

1726, 22 May. Anne Gale, wife of Edmund, baptized in Beverly. 
1726, 22 May. Mary Luscomb, wife of John, baptized in Boston. 

1726, 25 Sep. Mary Marshall, wife of Robert, baptized in Boston. 

1727, 1 Oct. John Nutting, baptized in Cambridge. 

1727, 11 Jan. Joseph Pierpont, son of late Rev'd, bapt. in Reading. 
1727, Feb. Ahijah Estes, baptized at 4th ch. iu Boston. 

1727, Feb. Mary Odel, wife of James, baptized at 3d ch. in Salem. 

1728, 11 Aug. Sarah Marstou, wife of James, baptized in Ipswich. 
1730, 1 Mch. Paul Raymond, baptized at 1st ch. iu Beverly. 

1730, 1 Mch. Sarah Montgomery, wife of David, baptized at East 
ch. iu Salem. 



80 

1730, 4 Apr. Mary Twist, wife of Daniel, bapt. at 1st ch. in Reading. 
1730, 5 Apr. Ruth Houghton, dau. of Beuj., baptized at the Village. 

1730, 5 July. Deliverance Ellison, wife of Joseph, bapt. 1st ch. in 

Gloucester. 

1731, 4 Apr. Paul Langden and Mary his wife, to Hopkinton. 
1731, 3 Oct. Samuel Woodwell, to Hopkinton. 

1731, 7 Nov. Benjamin Goodhue, ch. of 1st ch., in Ipswich. 

1732, 30 Apr. Abigail Seas, wife of John, baptized at Topsfleld. 
1732, 29 July. Elizabeth Reeves, w. of Samuel, 1st ch., at Gloucester. 
1732, 6 Aug. Sarah Glover, wife of David, 2nd ch., at Gloucester. 
1732, 8 Oct. Benjamin Pickman, baptized in Boston. 

1734, 7 July. John Swinnei'ton, Margaret his wife and Mercy their 
daughter, to 3d ch., to Boston. 

1734-5, 1 June. Francis Gahtman, from Germany. 

1734, 15 June. Jonathan Millet, from Manchester. 

1734, 2 Nov. Robert Fairservice, from Irish Presby. Ch., at Boston. 

1734, 4 Jan. Mary Blyth, wife of Benjamin, from 1st ch. at Brain- 
tree. 

1736, 7 Mar. Deborah Goodale, wife of Isaac, from 1st ch. in Marble- 
head. 

1736, 4 Apr. Henry Bennett, from 1st ch. in Ipswich. 

1736, 4 Apr. Paul Raymond and wife Tabitha, to Bedford. 

1736, 2 May. Sarah Webber, from 4th ch. in Salem. 

1736, 9 May. Hannah Battin, wife of John, from 1st ch. in Ipswich. 

1736, 26 Dec. Mary Peal, wife of Robert, from 1st ch. in Marble- 

head. 

1737, 6 Mar. Jefry Lang, baptized at Portsmouth in Piscataqua. 
1739, 6 May. Tobias Lakeman, baptized in 1st ch., in Ipswich. 

1739, 4 Nov. Hannah Deadman, wife of William, baptized in 2nd 

ch. in Ipswich. 
173D, 6 Jan. Mary Stevens, wife of John, baptized at Portsmouth in 
Piscataqua. 

1740, 16 Nov. Sarah Pease, w. of Benjamin, bapt. 1st ch. in Newbury. 

1741, 5 Apr. Mary Emerton, w. of John, bapt. 2nd ch. in Ipswich. 

1741, 15 Nov. Mary Cummins, wife, of George, baptized 1st ch. in 

Marblehead. 

1742, 28 Mar. Jane Cummins, baptized 2nd ch. in Marblehead. 

1742, 3 Oct. Elizh. Yell, w. of Nath., bapt. 2nd ch. in Marblehead. 

1742, 17 Oct. Hannah Peal, w. of Ebenezer, baptized in the Village. 

1742, 11 Nov. Ebenezer Feltou and Jehoadau his wife, to New Salem. 

1742, 12 Dec. Ebenezer Stevens, baptized 1st ch. in Beverly. 

1743, 2 Oct. Deborah Goodale, widow of Isaac deed., to New Salem. 
1743, 2 Oct. Rebecca, wife of Jeremiah Meachum (baptized in Mar- 
blehead), to New Salem. 



81 

The list of church-members, so far as I know as yet 
uupublishetl, continues: — 



IGol, 


27,2. 


Richard Waye, dlsraist. 
James Chichester, removed. 
Hannah Stileman. 




20, 5. 


Katherne IJootes. 
Susannah Hollinwood. 




8, 12, 


Grace Venus. 


1652, 


14,9. 


Pasca Foot. 


1653, 


6, 1. 


Ellen Stone. 
Henry Renolds. 




27,9. 


Ann Woodbery. 


1654, 


13, G. 


John Stune. 




24, 6. 


Judith Ingersoll. 
Bray Wilkins. 
his wife. 
Ann Kenning. 


1655, 


18, 1. 


Frances Woodhey. 
Hanna Ruck. 




15, 5. 


Dorithy Norice. 


165G, 


30, 2. 


Frances Home. 
Susana Archer. 


1657, 


31, 3. 


George Norton's 2nd receaving. 




23, 12. 


Elizabeth Dodge. 
Mary Corwithy. 
Alis Potter. 


1659, 


20, 1. 


ye wife of Tho. Cromwell, 
ye wife of Will Marstone. 
Hugh Stacy et uxor removed. 



The baptisms of the First Church in Salem, have been 
published in Vols. VI, VII, and VIII of these Collec- 
tions. 

A careful collation of the published lists with the man- 
uscript, in which, again I had the valuable assistance of 
Mr. H. F. Waters, has revealed some errata. 

Omitting the minor errors, mostly typographical, and 
allowing to the editors their own construction of the some- 
what dubious dating, which prevails in certain parts of 
the manuscript, as well as their own occasional alteration 

HIST. COLL. xv G 



82 

to modern forms of the antique spelling, we thonght the 
followins: corrections would be of service in the interest 
of exact fjenealoo-ical research : — 

24, 11, 163G, for ThehpMlus read Theophiliis. 
21, 8, 1639, for 3Iercy read diartha Moore. 

7, 4, 1640, for Bound read Bowiid. 

27, 9, 1640, for 7 children read ye children. 

16, 3, 1641, for Vinor read Venor. 
1, 27, 1641, read 12, 7, 1641. 

14, 9, 1641, for Codman read Codnnm. 

3, 5, 1642, for Onesiphenas read Onesipherus. 

18, 3, 1645, for Browne read Bowrne. 

6, 6, 1648, read Samuel, Moses, aud Mary. 
10, 7, 1648, for Gold read GoU. 

20, 5, 1651, read 3Ir. Thomas Thaclier. 

8, 7, 1653, for sister read Richard AVaj'e. 

17, 3, 1663, for KippVs read Kippins. 

7, 6, 1666, read Will. s. o/ fi. of bro. Bishop. 

19, 6, 1666, after "ye Sabbath before" read, and Sarah Heuly. 
1666-7-8, passim for Doioe, and Dow read Dove. 

14, 5, 1667, read children of sister John Putnam. 

28, 4, 1668, read Elizabeth of sister Thomas Dean. 

20, 7, 1668, read William of sister Will. Mastou. ' 
Aug., 1670, for of s. Bean read Beal. 

7 Sep., 1671, for Pickman read Pickering. 
.21 July, 1672, for H. read Is. Williams. 

8 Aug., 1672, read Thomas of Stackhoiise daughter. 
8 Aug., 1672, dele Hardy. Henly is very plain. 
Feb., 1672, for Nicholas read Nicholets. 

Feb., 1673, dele (Pickman?). 

Oct., 1674, read John of s. Elendor. 

Apr., 1675, read of Isr. Porter. 

Apr., 1675, read Is. Foot. 

Feb., 1675, read Ruth of Richard and Ruth Rose. 

2 Ap., 1676, read Richard a>id Dorcas. 

Mar., 1677, dele Sen. after Si^ery. 

July, 1677, read Richard of sister Stackhouse dau. 

Mar., 1678, read Hezekiah of sister Harris. 

7 Sep., 1679, for Archer read Allen. 

Sep., 1680, dele (ch of do). 

1 May, 1681, read 3Ir. Sam. Cheevers. 

2 Oct., 1681, read 3Irs. Pilgrim. 



83 

5 Aug., 1G83, read Susanna Daniell and Alice Darby, adults. 

27 Apr., 1684, for Dixy read Day. 

6*July, 1684, next Putnam jun. insert Abigail of . 

2 Aug., 1685, for Dai-ton read Boston. 

Nov., 1685, for Horlon read Norton, only first three at age. 
Sep., 1686, for Haroy read Harvey. 
Apr., 1687, for Elks read Elkins. 

7 Aug., 1687, for Burk read Dush. 

3 Sep., 1687, read two children of ye widow Elsey. 
Oct., 1688, for ^Yilks read Wilkins. 

Dec, 1688, for Eliaab. read Elizab., etc., Nurse. 

16 Feb., 1689, read Priscilla Arthur and 3Iary Boiodish, at age. 
1 June, 1690, for Truston read Freestone. 

17 Aug., 1690, for Wilkis read Wilkins. 

1 June, 1691, for Harris read Hains (of ye Village?).* 

April, 1693, read George Felt. 

June, 1693, for Maston read 3Iarsh. See note p. 

June, 1693, for Conkline read Soittherick. 

Sept., 1693, for Foster read Porter. 

1 Apr., 1694, i-ead Abigail of Abigail of French. 

May, 1695, for Felton read Foster. 

June, 1695, for Haddock read Hadlock. 

21 July, 1695, for George read Grove Hirst. 

8 Mar., 1696, for Treet read Freek Woolcot, 
24 May, 1696, for Cardish read Candish. 

27 Sep., 1696, read 3Ir. Will Gidny. 

21 Nov., 1696, read Elizabeth of Capt. Sewal, dele Thomas of and 

(Swett?). 
21 Nov., 1696, insert Thomas of . 

30 May, 1697, for Meston read Maston. 

16 Jan., 1697, for William Picket read Mr. Wra. Pickering. 
27 Mar., 1698, read Mr. William Gidney. 

26 June, 1698, read Mr. Will. Andrew. 

12 Feb., 1698, for Elisabeth read William of Capt. John Brown. 
12 Nov., 1699, read Mr. John Emerson Clericus 
14 July, 1700, read Mr. Josiah Walcot. 

9 March, 1701, is the omitted date for Benjamin Ropes, et al. 

27 April, 1701, for Haron read xlaron Misservy. 

4 Jan., 1701, read Mary of James Brown. 

19 April, 1702, read Abigail, daughter of Lieutenant Neal.' 

31 May, 1702, read Mrs. Hasket.^° 



8 See Savage Gen. Die. ^ As appears from the Church Eecord. 

i"In the Record "our sister Mrs. Hasket." 



84 

15 Aug., 1703, for Ingersol read Ingols. See note p. 
27 Feb., 1703, read 3Ir. Samuel Ruck. 

li April 1705, read Samuel, o/ Samuel Ingersol. 
9 June, 1706, for Tucker read Packer. 

27 Oct., 1706, dele at age, after Flint. 

17 Nov,, 1706, dele ?, after Foster. 

2-1 July, 1707, read Ezekiel, of Ezekiel Goldthwaite. 
21 Nov., 1708, for Turner read Furnex. 

12 Feb., 1709, for Turner read Furnex. 
21 May, 1710, read Mr. Abel Gardiner. 

13 Aug., 1710, read Peter, Lydia and Samuel, of Peter Chevers, dec'd. 

See note p. 
20 Aug., 1710, read Mary, o/ Thomas Elkius, dele Samuel. 
11 Nov. 1711, for Turner read Furnex. 
24 Feb., 1711, for Brown read Bacon. 
9 March, 1712, for Lufkin read Laskin. 

3 Aug., 1712, for Neal read Neat. 

19 Oct., 1712, read Freek of Mr. Wolcot. 

18 Jan., 1712, for Turner read Furnex. 

26 July, 1713, dele at age, after John Pratt. 

16 Aug., 1713, read Kesia, wife of Francis Proctor, at age. 

11 July, 1714, Elizabeth and Sarah Simons, etc. (Omitted date.) 

5 June, 1715, read all children of Mr. Joseph Douglass. 

28 Aug., 1715, for Legree i-ead Legroe. 

20 May, 1716, dele Mr. before Henfleld. 

24 June, 1716, for Coytherill read Wytherill. 
IS Nov., 1716, read Mr. Edmoud Batter. 

6 Jan., 1716, for Legre read Legro. 

29 Sept., 1717, for Mehitable read 3Iihil (Michael) Bacon. 
15 March, 1724, Sarah, of John and Mary West, 
5 April, 1724, William, of William and Jane Luscomb, 
5 April, 1724, Jona., of Jona. and Priscilla Woodwell, , 
5 April, Joshua, of Joshua and Sarah AVard, J 

14 Jan., 1727, for Dalten read Datten. 

17 Nov., 1728, for Gristis read Grills. 

27 July, 1729, for Cruft read Cruff. 
23 Nov., 1729, read Jonathan Archer, Junior. 
14 Nov., 1731, for by read "/tis mother should have," etc. 

19 Aug., 1733, for Crujt read Crvff. 

18 Aug., 1734, for Hannah read Susannah Glover. 

4 Feb., 1738, for David read Peard Fabins. 

5 Oct., 1740, Samuel Fisk, Pastor. 
5 June, 1743, Mary and Abigail, of William and Eunice Pickering. 



85 

Note, 13 Nov., 1737, 2 March, '40, 25 April, '42, Timothy Picljering 
married Mary Wingate. See 1 April, '33 and 7 March, '36. 

Note. June, 1693, Marstou, Marsh. See II, p. 209, of these Coll. 

Note. 15 Aug., 1703, Ingersol, Ingols. See subjoined list, 1 Aug., 1703. 

Note. 13 Aug., 1710. The change of Samuel from Elldns to Cheever, 
is not only fairly dediicible from the record, but is also 
corroborated by the town records, etc. 

Mr. Savage in his Gen. Die, mentions Benjamin Skelton, with S. 
John, baptized 1639, and Nathaniel with S. John, baptized 1G48. 
There are no such baptisms on this list. In their place may be found 
those of like-named ffeltons. See Vol. VI, pp. 237, 243, and Vol. 
XIII, p. 152, of these Coll. 

[Tb he continued.l 



PARISH LIST OF DEATHS BEGUN 1785. 
/ 



RECORDED BY EEV. 'WILLIAM BENTLET, D.D., OF THE EAST CHURCH, SALEM, MASS. 



[Contiuued from page 298, Part 4, Vol. XIV.] 

DEATHS IN 1798 {continued). 

421. July 30. Benjamin, of Robert & Anstis Stone. 
Fever, 18. They have one son and three daughters left. 
He was a clerk in Boston and lived at his Bro. J. Dun- 
lap's. Died in Boston. 

422. Aug. 8. Deliverance Masury, widow of Benja. 
Small Pox, 77. Fifteen years married. She has left two 
widowed daughters. She was a White, her husband a 
barber. 

423. Aug. 10. Thomas Lewis, mariner. Suddenly, 
28. Ten months married. His wife a Burroughs, then 
a Dyer, one child by each, she lived with Dyer five 
months. He had engaged as a mariner in the U. S. Ser- 
vice and died as he was on foot through Lynn. He was 
from Guernsey. 

424. Aug. 12. Elizabeth Phillips, widow of Henry. 
Of Fever, 51. Four years married. She was a Lam- 
bert and has left one daughter Millet. Very suddenly, 
supposed putrid fever ; sick four days. 

425. Aug. 6. Hannah Webb, alias Hannon, widow. 
Consumption, 40.. 1st marriage seven years ; 2nd mar- 
riage, 4 years. She has left five children, three males ; 
two by Hannon, from Ireland. After very long illness, 

(8G) 



87 

siiclclenly at last. She Avas a Murray. Both husbands 
lost at sea. 

426. Aug. 18. ElizabethMillet, wife of John. Fever, 
25. Six years married . She has left two children, males. 
She was daughter of E. Phillips, Avho died Aug. 12. 
Mother and daughter were taken together. The dauofh- 

o o o 

ter survived a week. A putrid fever. 

427. Aug. 22. Francis Grant, mariner. Mortifica- 
tion, 66. Forty-five years married. He has left a widow. 
She a Smith and three widowed daughters. Dwire, alias 
Steward, Horton, Daniels. 

428. Aug. 28. Sarah, wife of James Browne. Fever, 
37. Fourteen years married. She Avas a Masury. Has 
left five children, three males. The fever was bilious, 
alias, etc. Her sister and three of her children are sick 
of the same fever. Sick eleven days. 

429. Aug. 31. Samuel M., of Samuel & Priscilla 
Lambert. Quiucy, 15 months. They have one child, a 
female, left. Sick al)out tAventy-four hours. Both par- 
ents Lamberts. 

430. Aug. 31. Hannah, Avife of Bradstreet Parker. 
Vomiting, 24. Five years married. They have tAvo 
children, one male. She was born in Bradford, Mass. 
Seized violently, and obtained no relief, and died in 
forty-eight hours. 

431. Sept. 6. Bradstreet Parker, merchant, fever, 28. 
Five years married. His Avife died seven days before. 
He Avas born in Bradford, grandson to the Rev. Mr. 
Balch, of that place. 

432. Sept. 6. Mary, Avife of Joseph Hodges, fever, 
37. Fifteen years married. She was an AndreAV. Her 
mother a Gardner; four children, three females. 

433. Sept. 11. Sarah, of Joseph & Mary Hodges, 
fever, 7. There are three children left; one son. Two 
sick of same fever. Mother died on 6th inst. 



88 

434. Sept 11. News of the death of Edward Cox, 
mariner, fever, 27. Four years married. Left a wife 
and had no children. His mother afterwards married an 
Adams and Cane. At Hispaniola upon his voyage. His 
wife a Gay ton. 

435. Sept. 20. Ncavs of Oliver Webb, captain, fever, 
39. Fifteen years married. Left a wife, an Elkins, and 
four children, three males and one female. He was the 
son of William Webb. Died at Hispaniola, in August. 

436. Sept. 20. John Diman Preston, captain, from 

Marblehead, missing, 37. 1st marriage years, 2nd 

marriage years, 3d marriage five 3'ears. Left a 

wife with two children, males. She was a widow Forbes 
with three children, one female ; married abroad, supposed 
repeatedly. The Shallop sailed from Salem, 10 Nov., 
1797, and has not been heard of since. 

437. Sept. 20. David Mansfield, mariner, pilot, miss- 
ing, set. 52. Twenty-nine years married. Left a Avife, 
but never had children. This man was mate, and in 
years. 

438. Sept. 20. William Adams, mariner, missing, 
aet. 17. He was son of Mrs. Cox, alias Adams, Cane. 
This was a young seaman. The other persons did not 
belong to Salem. 

439. Oct. 18. Elizabeth, wife of Nath. Bowditch, 
scrofula, set. 19. Seven months married. She was the 
2nd daughter of Capt. F. Boardman, lately deceased. 
There are two daughters and a sou of Capt. F. B. with 
the widow. 

440. Oct. 30. Kuth, widow of Joseph Searle. Old 
age, set. 96. Forty-seven years married. Married at 
twenty-four. She has left two sons and two daughters, 
Grant and widow Chubb. Living with her younger son. 

441. Oct. 31. Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Allyne, 
occasioned by a fall, vet. 84. She lived a single life and 



\ 



89 

for many years was a housekeeper for a Mrs. Gunter in 
Boston. She had a fall, after which she was never able 
to walk, or entirely free from pain. 

442. Nov. 1. Mary, wife of Capt. Joseph Waters, 
^t. 39. Sixteen years married. She has left six chil- 
dren, two sons. 

443. Nov. 3. Kebecca, wife of Nathan Millet. Con- 
sumption, vet. 28. Four years married. She has left 
three children with her husband, one son. She was the 
pattern of Christian patience and of a most amiable 
disposition. 

444. Nov. 8. Lydia, daughter of Samuel & Lydia 
Woodkind. Fever, set. 14. She was a Lambert. He 
from Berkshire. This was their only child. The wife 
has a son by a former, husband, Palfray. 

445. Nov. 20. Edward, of Daniel & Bethiah Shehane. 
Quincy, nine months. She was a Widger, of Marblehead. 
They have three children left, one son. 

446. Nov. 24. Mary, of Benjamin and Mary Becket. 
Pleurisy, 20 months. She was a Wyman from Dan vers ; 
two children left, both males. Sick only one week ; 
always feeble. 

447. Nov. 30. Joseph Thayer, lately from Woburn. 
Fever, a3t. 23. Two years married. He has a wife, an 
Edget; are both from Woburn. He came into town in 
June last, and she in Aug. They have one child, a fe- 
male. He was a carpenter employed by Mr. Lefavre. 

448. Dec. 8. Philip Furlong from Ireland, ast. 22. 
He came into this State in ship of Capt. T. Wellman, 
owned by B. Pickman, three years since ; and sailed 
from this port. He lived not far from Waterford, Ireland. 
Has a mother living ; died at Whitfords. Belonged to 
Wexford, Ireland. 

449. Dec. 25. William, of John & Hannah Mack. 



90 

Atrophy, aet. 3 months. They have one child left, a 
male. The child pined from birth and was never iq 
health. 

450. Dec. 30. Patrick Sennert, of Ireland, within 
two miles of Waterford, of Dunkellyn of Kilkenny. 
Consumption, tet. 46, He sustained a good character. 
As the Catholic Priest was not in town, I attended the 
funeral; buried 1 Jan., 1799, but he is uot ou my list. 
He came here on 9th July, 1796, in a shallop from New- 
foundland, and lived first with Mr. R. Collins, then 
Lufkins and then removed to Mr. Ratchliffes. 

DEATHS IN 1799. 

451. Jan. 2. George Gilmore,.of Norfolk, Virginia. 
W. Ind. flux., vet. 25, at the head of Pierce's wharf, 
Water street. 

452. Jan. 4. Mary, daughter of Jonathan Archer. 
Consumption, 19. He has six children, three males, one 
daughter married. 

453. Jan. 20. Benja., of Benja. & Margaret H. Bray. 
Quincy, 16 months. Two children left, one male. 

454. Jan. 23. Anna Wyatt, died at Andover ; buried 
in Salem. Drops}^ 33. Two children : Hannah Bray, 
set. 14, and Annie Hawkins, set. 7. 

455. Jan. 30. Margaret, widow of Jacob Clarke. 
Asthma, 70. Fourteen years married. Married at 22. 
Two daughters survived her. Widow Edey and w. of 
Thomas Parsons. Last at Newburyport. 

456. Feb. 16. Harriet, of Nathan & Rebecca Millet. 
Atrophy, 8 months. The mother died in Nov. last. Two 
female children are left with the father. 

457. Feb. 24. News of the death of Benjamin AYebb, 
at sea. Fever, a^t. 23. He was a son of Joshua Webb, 



91 

deceased. His mother died last year. He has a brother 
and three sisters. Went mate to Capt. J. Edwards, Avas 
taken, and upon his return from Guadeloupe, in Charles 
Derby ; died 4th Feb., at sea. 

458. Feb. 23. Male child of Joseph & Mary More ; 
suddenly, in fitts, ret. 2 months. They are young, this 
the only child. Not of this town. He at sea. The 
■woman apprentice at ropemaking, Vincents. 

459. Feb. 23. William Thompson born in Bedford, 
Mass., fever, ret. 23. His mother lives in Boston and is 
married to Mr. Samuel Vincent. The son served as a 
ropemaker with Vincents. He was taken Avith Capt. 
Endicott and died in the hospital at Guadeloupe ; lived 
at S. Silsbee's. 

460. March 6. Mary, Avidow of Francis Grant. Can- 
cer, ret. 75. Fort3'-five years married. Married at 29. 
Died at Robert & Mary Smith's, at the ferry, alias Beverly 
bridge. Left three daughters, a brother Eobert and sister 
widoAV Mehitable Patterson. 

461. March 18. John Diamond, of John Diamond & 
Sarah Preston. Atrophy, ret. 9 months. The AvidoAV 
has live children Avith her, one female. Her husband lost 
at sea last year. 

462. April 4. Sarah, Avife of James Collins ; fever, 
set. 31. 1st marriage nine years; 2nd marriage, ten 
months. She has three living children by Evoy, one male. 
Collins had three children, one female. She has had one 
female by Collins. Her husband Evoy died abroad. 
Married Collins, who is in the U. S. Marine Service. 
She Avas a Richardson, father a foreigner; only child. 

463. April 9. Nancy, of Jonathan & Elizabeth Pal- 
frey. Scrofula, ret. 13 months. They have four children 
left, two males. She AA^as a Vincent. He a mariner. 

464. April 14. Sarah, of Joseph & Mary Brown. 



92 

Fever, set. 10 years. She was a Becket. They have four 
children, males. 

465. April 15. Jonathan Derby, captain. Consump- 
tion, fet. 28. He was a son of Hon. Richard Derby, Esq., 
educated at Dummer Academy, and at Boston instructed 
as a merchant by his uncle E. H. Derby, and has been 
six voyages to India. Long sick, and confined through 
the winter ; w^as at his brother Samuel's in the Mansion 
House. 

466. April 16. Sarah, widow of John Hopes. Apo- 
plexy, ffit. 77. 1st marriage three years; 2nd marriage 
thirty- two years. Married at 19. She was a Titcombe, 
of Newbury. She married first a Stocker and then was a 
widow six years ; then married a Ropes and then was 
a widow sixteen years. Left one child, married at Am- 
herst, N. H. 

467. April 22. Jean Baptiste, so called ; a French 
prisoner, worn out, fet. 48. He was born in Rochelle, 
France, from which he had been long absent in diflerent 
parts of America, chiefly St. Domingo. He left a child 
there. He had been some time in Salem in the late war. 

468. May 19. Maria, of John and Ruth Barker. 
Fever, 17 mo. They are a family from Pembroke, and 
this their only chikl. Have been in Salem but a few 
years. A blacksmith. She descended from Rev. Smith. 

469. May 17. News of the death of Benjamin, son of 
Benj. Cloutman. Fever, vet. 16. His widow mother has 
many children. This a promising youth. Died 25 April 
in Havana, of the prevalent fever, by which we have lost 
many seamen. He Avas with E. H. Derby, jun. 

470. May 17. News of the death of James, sou of 
John Collins, sen. Fever, set. 15. The father has left 
five children, out of twelve. This a lovely youth ; died 
5 April in Havana, of the fever there among the Ameri- 
can ships. He was with Capt. Flint. 



93 

471. June 13. Nathaniel Osgood. Aged, est. S8, 
Twenty-nine years married. Married at 34. He has left 
one son, Christopher. His wife was a Hannah Babbidge, 
married in 1745 and died Sept., 1774. He has lived with 
his son above twelve years. He was a distinguished 
shoemaker in his early life. In his temper easy. A 
brother now living ; an old man . 

472. June 20. Thomas Squires, mariner. Consump- 
tion, ffit. 59. He came from Devonshire, England, xt. 19. 

473. June 23. Mehitable, of Joseph and Mehitable 
Valpey. Dropsy in head, set. 3 years. They have three 
male children. 

474. June 22. Samuel, of Nath'l and Abigail Phip- 
pen. Fever abroad, tet. 17. They have one son and 
two daughters left. Sick in the Havanna ; died on his 
passage, 4 June. Was with Capt. Taylor. 

475. July 7. Female child of William and Mary 
Foye. Convulsions, 16 days. He has nine children by 
former wife, four males ; none by the present wife. 

476. July 9. News of the death of John, son of John 
and Elizabeth Fairfield. Fever abroad, set. 27. Family 
scattered. Three daughters and four sons. Two daugh- 
ters married. In the East Indies. 

477. July 20. John Hodges, Captain. Hemorrheis, 
set. 76, Twenty-five years married. Married at 23. A 
worthy man. He has left three sons and a daughter, all 
in reputation. Married a Manning. 

478. July 27. Mary Chubb, widow, set. 63. 1st 
marriage, four years ; 2nd marriage, three years. Mar- 
ried at 20. Left no children. First husband, Edey, had 
children. She was a Searle. 

479. Sept. 2. Male child of Daniel and Sarah Reed. 
7 mos. Child born in, and parents from Danvers lately. 
He has one sou by a former wife. 



*. 94 

480. Sept. 3. George Cabot, of Joseph and Hannah 
Hosmer. 14 days. They have two daughters and a son 
left. 

481. Sept. 15. Bethiah, of William and Sarah Mil- 
let. 15 months. This was one of their twins. They 
have three children. She an Archer. 

482. Sept. 25. Sarah Hodges, of Daniel and Alice 
Ropes. 15 months. They have two children left, one 
male. 

483. Sept. 30. Joshna, of Joshua and Lydia Webb. 
20 days. A young family, first child. 

484. Sept. 30. Richard Valpy. Decay, 65. Four 
sons and three daughters left. An honest, humble per- 
son, known as The Skipper. 

485. Nov. 8. William, of William & Hannah Fos- 
ter, 8 months. They have one child. 

486. Nov. 10. Jonathan Mason, Sen., Capt. Apo- 
plexy, (j6. Forty-four years married. Married at 22. 
He has left two sons and two daughters ; all have been 
married, many grand-children. Married a Babbidge. 

487. Nov. 28. Martha Perkins, maiden. Convul- 
sions, 43. She had lived with i\Irs. Rogers from the 
time of marriage. She came from Ipswich. 

488. Dec. 6. Elizabeth, widow of Ebenezer White- 
foot ; from broken bone, 57 yrs. Nineteen 3'ears married. 
Married at 15. She was a Mayberry. Left two sons 
and four daughters. 

489. Dec. 11. Lydia, of Barnabas & Lydia Herrick. 
Consumption, 30. Her sister died in Oct. last. No 
daughter left. Three sons. 

490. Dec. 19. Robert, son of Pierce & Sarah Evoy. 
Nervous fever, 11. Father and mother both dead. Two 
sisters left by Evoy, one by Collins. First with a slow 
and then nervous fever. Sick at G. F. Richardson's. 



95 

491. Dec. 19. Eunice, daughter of Joshua & Hannah 
Phippcn. Consumption, 20. Four sons and three daugh- 
ters left. 

492. Dec. 22. Andrew, son of Andrew & Hannah 
English. Quincy, 2 years, 8 months. One son and two 
daughters left. 

DEATHS IN 1800. 

493. Jan. 5. James Collins in the ship Constitution, 
mariner. Fever abroad, 41. 1st marriage, nineteen 
years, 2nd marriage, one year. He married at 20 a 
Masury and left by her three children ; 2nd marriage to 
the widow Evoy and left one child. A man by trade a 
shoemaker. Two sons, one daughter by first wife, one 
daughter by 2nd wife. 

494. Jan. 8. Abigail White, widow of Joseph AVhite 
of Isle of Shoals, 78. Seven years married ; married at 
19. Left two children, sons. She was a Muchmore of 
Isle of Shoals when J. W". of Salem married her. Lived 
twenty years with her son Joseph. 

495. Jan. 20. Male child of John & Lydia Searle. 
Just after birth. She was a Fairfield. Lately married. 
First child. She had been long very ill disposed. 

496. Jan. 24. News of the death of Jonathan, son of 
Jonathan Mason. Fever abroad, 16. The only son by 
E. King, his first wife. They have two daughters by first 
wife and two daughters and a son by second wife. Died 

on board Capt. Derby at in Hispaniola of yellow 

fever. 

497. Jan. 24. News of the death of Benjamin Dorrel. 
Fever abroad, 19. The only son of Mrs. Strout by her 
former husband, Mr. Dorrel. Died on board Capt. 
Derby from on the passage homeward. 



96 

498. Feb. 16. Anna, wife of Nicholas Lane. Rheu- 
matic Fever, 48. Thirty-one years married; married at 
17. She was daughter of Wm. Bezoill. She has left 
two sons and nine dauo-hters : one son and three dauo;h- 
ters married. Born in Cape Ann and removed to Salem 
after marriage. He sailmaker. 

499. Feb. 20. Capt. Andrew Preston. Nervous fever, 
71. Forty-six years married; married at 25. He has 
left one son and three daughters ; two daughters married. 
Born in Beverly. She was a Lambert. He Avas an In- 
spector of the Customs. 

500. Feb. 24. News of death of John, son of John 
& Hannah Collins, Sen. Fever abroad, 19. Have six 
children left, two males. Have lost two young sons at 
sea, both in the West Indies, by the Fever. 

501. Feb. 24. News of death of Samuel, son of Sam- 
uel & Sarah Ropes. Fever al)road, 19. Never lost a 
child before. They have five children left, three males. 
Was at Curacoa and died ashore. Sick four days. A 
very promising youth. 

502. March 20. News of death of Philip, son of Tho- 
mas & Susanna Rue. Fever abroad and Dysentery, 22. 
Six children left, three sons and three daughters ; one 
son and one daughter married. Was in the ship America 
from East Indies. The only person who died in the 
voyage of 54. Died in Dec. last. 

503. April 10. Margaret, of Adam & Mercy Wel- 
man. Consumption, 19. The widow mother has one 
son by same marriage. She was a JMascolI and married a 
Stephens and then Wellman. 

504. April 25. Lydia, of James & Elizabeth Archer. 
Convulsions, 18 months. They have four children, two 
males. They are both Archers. 

505. June 1. Jonathan Archer. Consumption, 53. 



97 

Nineteen years married ; married at 24. He has left six 
children, three males ; one daughter married. Wife died 
in 1791. He had lived freely. Was an assessor of the 
town seventeen years. A man of some information ; for- 
merly a barber. Acquired interest in the war ; sold his 
house ; was a tanner. 

506. June 2. Edward Chevalier, born in the Island 
of Jersey. Consumption, 55. Thirty years married ; 
married at 25. Left a wife, whom he married in Marble- 
head. She a widow when he married her. Came to 
Salem in the war from Marblehead, 1775. Had been ten 
years in Marblehead. 

507. June 4. Susannah, relict of Jonathan Mason. 
Palsy and Apoplexy, 6Q. Forty-four years married; 
married at 21. Left two sons and two daughters; all 
have been married. Her husband died last Nov. Her 
sister Ward in 1797. She was a Babbidge ; her mother 
yet living. 

508. June 7. Susannah, wife of Kichard Valpy. Sud- 
denly, 40. Nineteen years married ; married at 21. Left 
three children, two females. She was a Backer from 
Marblehead. 

509. July 9. Lydia, widow of Benjamin Woodman. 
Suddenly, 79. Thirty years married; married at 25. 
She was a Phillips ; parents from Lynn. She had thirteen 
living children. A son and three married daughters left. 

510. July 9. Lydia Babbidge, maiden. Fever and 
mortification, 67. She was the last of the children. The 
mother survives, aged 86. Lydia assisted the mother in 
a school. Madam Babbidge has kept a school above half 
a century. Lydia was sick about ten days. Sister of 
Mrs. Mason, who died in June last, and Mrs. Ward, who 
died Oct., 1797. 

511. July 10. Elizabeth, widow of Andrew Millet. 

HIST. COLL. XV 6* 



98 

Fever and mortification, 69. Fifteen years married ; mar- 
ried at 20. She was a Tozzer. Left two sons and a 
daughter. Died at her son in law Chipman. 

512. July 16. Female child of Ketire & Rebecca 
Becket. Fever, 26 months. They have one child, a 
male, left. She a Swasey. 

513. July 31. News of the death of Tochim Jacob 
Rochstein. Fever, 25. Eight months married ; married 
at 25. She was a natural of Gayton ; married a Cox; 
then this husband. He was a German from Lubeck; 
lately came into America. Died at St. Christopher. 

514. Aug. 10. News of death of Samuel, of Samuel 
& Anna Foot. Small pox abroad, 17. Their only son ; 
they have three daughters. She a Crowninshield of Clif- 
ford. Died in Calcutta, on a voyage with Capt. Wheat- 
land. Lived Essex St. 

515. Aug. 17. George Archer, Capt., on his passage 
from Hamburg. Lost at sea, 34 years ; married at 26 
years. He has left a wife and four children, three fe- 
males. She a Hathorne ; supposed to be lost on Grand 
Banks in Dec. last. Lived Derby St. 

516. Aug. 17. John, of John & Mary Collins, with 
Archer, lost at sea, age 20. They have three sons and 
two daughters left. A great loss in their eldest son. 
Turner St. They were seen so far on their passage. 

517. Sept. 7. William, of Ebenezer & Sarah Slo- 
cum. Dysentery, 13 months. They have two children, 
one male. She a Becket. Essex St. 

518. Sept. 10. Esther, of Daniel & Abigail Caldwell. 
Fever, 9 months. Mother a Carroll ; he from Ipswich. 
They have three children, two males. Near Bridge. 

519. Sept. 1. Fem. of Thomas & Catherine Green. 
Dysentery, 3 weeks. They have three children. They 
were from Liverpool in England. 



99 

520. Sept. 12. Male ch. of Josiah & Margaret Flag. 
Vomiting and purging, 12 mos. They have two females 
left and two males. He lately from Mason, N. H., orig. 
from Reading, Mass. Daniels street. 

521. Sept. 13. Hannah, of Samuel & Mercy Town- 
send. 7 years. They have four children left, three 
males. She was a Stevens. Essex St. 

522. Sept. 14. Nathaniel, of Nathaniel & Elizabeth 
Trow. 9 months. This their first and only child. She 
a Gilman from Newmarket. He from Beverly. Daniels 
St. 

523. Sept. 21. News of death of James, of Thomas 
& Mary Hutchinson. Fever, abroad, 26 years. The 
widow has two sons and two daughters at home, and a 
son, long absent, place unknown. Turner St. He was 
with Mugford, at Calcutta. 

524. Sept. 24. Nancy, of Jonathan & Elizabeth Pal- 
frey. 15 months. Four children, two males, left, 
mother a Vincent, the youngest. Becket St. 

525. Sept. 24. News of death of Joshua of widow 
Murray. Fever abroad, 19 years. Her only child. She 
was a Webb. He was with Capt. Mugford in ship Ulys- 
ses, and died in Calcutta. 

526. Oct. 5. Mary, daughter of Jacob & Mary Nor- 
man. Scarlet fever, 4 years. The father dead. The 
mother an Archer, she married a Gunnison, then Nor- 
man, now Peters. One child left by Gunnison. Essex 
street. 

527. Oct. 16. Abigail, widow of Zachariah Curtis. 
Aged, 86 years. Married at 20; seven years married. 
She was daughter of John Gray. Turner, between Essex 
and Derby. 

528. Oct. 20. Lois, widow of Samuel Odell. Con- 
sumption, 55 years. Married at 22 ; she died in Pleas- 



100 

ant st. Has left four sons and three daughters. She was 
a Larrabee of Lynn. Her husband died in 1790. 

529. Dec. 12. Male child of Lydia, daughter of Dan- 
iel Cloutman. 2 years. 

530. Dec. 28. News of the death of Capt. Elisha 
Harrington, drowned, 35 years. Married at 28 years. 
She a Burrill ; her second husband. Three children left, 
one son. He from Weston. He was cast away on 
George's ; crew were saved ; were in a brig from Jamaica. 

531. Dec. 28. News of the death of John, son of 
Johnson & Ruth Briggs. Fever, 19 years. The widow 
has six children left, three sons and three daughters. 
Left by Capt. John Fairfield at Havanna. 

532. Dec. 28. Capt. Adam Wellmau missing, lost 
at sea. 27 years. Married at 26 years. He married 
Nancy, the eldest daughter of widow Browne. No chil- 
dren. Son of Adam Wellman, who died abroad in 1786. 
They sailed for Ireland 10th Jan. from Salem, and on 5th 
of Feb. from New York. 

533. Dec. 28. John Crandall, mate with Capt. W. 
Putnam, missing. 41 years. Married at 32 j^ears. He 
married the eldest daughter of Nicholas Lane and had 
three children, one male. He was from Providence, R. I. 
Sailed 12th Feb. for Gibraltar. 

534. Dec. 28. James Carroll, with Capt. Putnam, 
mariner, missing. 19 years. The only son of James 
Carroll, who married a "Webb. Seven daughters left. 

535. Dec. 28. John Cloutman, mariner, 2d mate 
with A. Wellman, missing, set. 23 years. Son of Joseph ; 
his mother a Becket. She has one son and three daugh- 
ters left. 

536. Dec. 28. Thomas Stephens, boy with Capt. A. 
Wellman, missing. 14 years. The widow has three 
daughters left. Her husband was lost in 1784. 

[To be continued,] 



CONTENTS. 



PARTS I, II. 

Notice of the Perkins Arms in England, communicated by Aug. 
T. Perkins, 1 

Kecord of deatlis from gravestones in Rowley, including all 
before 1800, communicated by Geokge B. Blodgette, . . 14: 

Memorial of John Clarke Lee, by Rev. E. B. Willson, . . 35 

Copy of a fragment of an Account Book kept by Gibson Clough, 
communicated by William G. Barton, . . . . C3 

Notes and extracts from the Records of the First Church of Sa- 
lem, 1G29-173G, communicated by James A. Emmerton, M. D., 70 

Parish list of Deaths begun 1785 ; recorded by Rev. William 
Bentley, D. D., of the East Church, Salem, Mass. (continued), 
communicated by Ira J. Patch, '. SG 



/>^ : 



!i^ 



ESSEX INSTITUTE 



HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS. 



VOLUME XV. 



PARTS III, IV, JULY, OCTOBER, 1878. 



9; 



o^V 



<=7 < 





SALEM : 

PRINTED FOR THE ESSEX INSTITUTE. 
1879. 



HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 



ESSEX INSTITUTE. 

Vol. XV. July and October, 1878. Nos. 3, 4. 



AN ACCOUNT OF THE 

COMMEMORATION, BY THE ESSEX 

INSTITUTE, OF THE FIFTH HALE-'CENTURY OF 

THE LANDING OF GOV. JOHN ENDICOTT, 

IN SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS. 

SEPTEMBER i8, 1878. 



INTRODUCTION. 



OVT the annual meeting of the Essex Institute, held 
^ Monday, May 21, 1877, a committee consisting of 
^ President Wheatland, Hon. James Kimball, W. P. 
Upham, Esq., and A. C. Goodell, Esq., were appointed 
to consider and report upon the propriety of celebrat- 
ing the 250th anniversary of the "Landing of John 
Eudicott," which would occur in September, 1878. 

At a regular meeting, Monday, Oct. 1, 1877, the com- 
mittee reported favorably, and in accordance therewith 
the following vote was adopted : — 

Vb(ed, That it is expedient for the Institute to take the 
initiative in the matter of the celebration, and that the 
Hon. W. C. Endicott be invited to deliver an oration on 
the occasion, and also that the committee be authorized 
to make the necessary arrangements. 

The committee deemed it advisable, before proceeding 
further, to invite the cooperation of the city authorities, 
and accordingly conferred with the Mayor, who in his 
inaugural address, delivered on Monday, Jan. 7, of this 
year, alluded to this subject and recommended it to the 
favorable consideration of the council. On the 14th -day 
of January that portion of his address was referred to a 



104 

special committee, who, after a conference with the com- 
mittee of the Institute, reported, at a meeting of the 
council held on the 11th of the March following, an order 
appropriating $1,500.00. This report was referred to 
the finance committee, who, on the 25th of March, re- 
ported its adoption inexpedient. 

The committee of the Institute, at the annual meeting, 
Monday, May 20, 1878, was authorized to enlarge its 
number, appoint sub-committees, and arrange plans for 
carrying out the celebration in an appropriate manner. 

The committee, thus invested wi4h full powers to act, 
after several meetings enlarged its number and arranged 
sub-committees, who, by the liberality of several friends, 
procured the necessary funds and were thereby enabled to 
perform their several duties. Of the manner in which 
these have been performed the reader can judge by the 
perusal of the following pages. 



EXERCISES AT MECHANIC HALL. 



Rev. EGBERT C. MILLS, D. D., Chaplain of the Day. 

Mk. benjamin J. LANG, Director of Music. 



I 

ORGAN VOLUNTARY. 

n 

READING OF SCRIPTURE. 

Psalm 147, v. 1. Praise ye the Lord ; for it is good to sing praises 
unto our God ; for it is pleasant, and praise is comely. 

12. Praise the Lord, O Jerusalem, praise thy God, O Zion. 

13. For he hath strengthened the bars of thy gates ; he hath 
blessed thy children within thee. 

20. He hath not dealt so with any nation; and as for his judg- 
ments they have not known them. Praise ye the Lord. 
Psalm 44, v. 1. We have heard with our ears, O God, our fathers 
have told us, what work thou didst in their days, iu the times 
of old : 

2. How thou didst drive out the heathen with thy hand, and 
plantedst them ; how thou didst afllict the people, and cast them 
out. 

3. For they got not the land in possession by their own sword, 
neither did their own arm save them ; but thy right haud and 

(105) 



106 

thine arm, and the light of thy countenance, because thou hadst 
a favor unto tliem. 

8. In God we boast all the day long, and praise thy name for- 
ever. 

Deut. 32, V. 7. Remember the days of old, consider the years of 
many generations; ask thy father and he will shew thee, thy 
elders, and they will tell thee. 

8. When the Most High divided to the nations their inheritance, 
when he separated the sons of Adam, he set the bounds of the 
people according to tlie number of the children of Israel. 
10. He found him in a desert land, in the waste howling wilder- 
ness ; he led him about, he instructed him, he kept him as the 
apple of his eye. As an eagle stirreth up her nest, fluttereth 
over her young, spreadeth abroad her wings, taketh them, bear- 
eth them on her wings, so the Lord alone did lead them, and 
there was no strange god with him. 

Deut. 4, v. 32. For ask now of the days that are past which were 
before thee, since tlie day that God created man upon the earth, 
and ask from the one side of heaven unto the other, whether 
there hath been any such thing as this great thing is, or hath 
been heard like it. 

34. Or hath God assayed to go and take him a nation from the 
midst of another nation, by temptations, by signs, and by won- 
ders, and by war, and l)y a mighty hand, and by a stretched out 
arm, and by great terrors, according to all that the Lord your 
God did for you in Egypt before your eyes? 

35. Unto thee it was showed, that thou mightest know that the 
Lord he is God-, there is none else beside him. 

37. Because he loved thy fatliers, therefore he chose their seed 
after them, and brought thee out in his sight with his mighty 
power out of Egypt; 

38. To drive out nations from before thee greater and mightier 
than thou, to bring thee in, to give thee their laud for an inheri- 
tance, as it is this day. 

Deut. 2G, v. 7. When we cried unto the Lord God of our fathers, the 
Lord heard our voice, and looked on our affliction, and our 
labor, and our oppression, 

8. And tlie Lord brouglit us forth out of Egypt with a mighty 
hand, and with an outstretched arm, and with great terrible- 
ness, and witli signs, and with wonders; 

9. And he hath brouglit us into this place, and hath given us 
this land, even d, land tiiat floweth with milk and honey. 

H. Thou Shalt rejoice in every good thing which the Lord thy 
God hath given unto thee, and unto thine house, thou, and the 
Lcvile, and the stranger that is among you. 



107 

Psalm 148, v. 1. I will extol tliee, my God, King, and I will bless 
thy name forever and ever. 

3. One generation sliall praise thy works to another, and shall 
declare thy mighty acts. 

7. They shall abundantly utter the memory of thy great good- 
ness, and shall sing of tli}' righteousness. 

I Kings 8, v. 56. Blessed be the Lord that hath given rest unto his 
people Israel, according to all that he promised; there hath not 
failed one word of all his good promise which he promised by 
the hand of Moses his servant. 

57. The Lord our God be with us, as he was with our fathers, 
let him not leave us, nor forsake us; 

58. That he may incline our hearts unto him, to walk in all his 
ways, and to keep his commandments, and his statutes, and his 
judgments which he commanded our fathers. 

Psalm 67, v. 1. God be merciful unto us and bless us, and cause his 
face to shine upon us ; 

2. That thy way may be known upon earth, thy saving health 
among all nations. 

3. Let the people praise thee, God, let all the people praise 
thee. 



ni 
PRAYER. 

BT EEV. KOBEET C. MILLS, D.D. 

IV 

ORIGINAL HYMN. 

BY KEV. JONES VERY. 

Though few, with noble purpose came 
Our fathers to this distant wild ; 

A Commonwealth they sought to frame, 
From country and from friends exiled. 

Keligious freedom here they sought, 
In their own land to them denied ; 

With courage and with faith they wrought, 
Nor monarch feared, nor prelate's pride. 



108 

That Commonwealth to power has grown; 

Religious liberty is ours; 
What now we reap, their hands have sown, 

And changed the wild to garden bowers. 

The trees thej' planted, year by year 
Still yield their precious fruit and shade; 

Fair Learning's gifts still flourish here, 
And Law man's right has sacred made. 

They from their labors long have ceased, 
On the green hill-sides saintly rest ; 

Their sons, in wealth and power increased. 
Have by their fathers' God been blest. 

Their noble deeds our souls inspire ; 

Be ours their faith and courage still; 
Keep pure the home, the altar's fire. 

And thus their cherished hopes fulfill. 



V 

POEM.. 

BT REV. CUAKLES T. BKOOKa. 



ORIGINAL ODE. 

BY EEV. STEPHEN P. HILL, D.D. 



Hail to the days of yoTe ! 
When to this Western shore. 

Our fathers came, — 
And settled as their own 
This land, so long unknown. 
Where savage life alone 

Had erst a name. 



Wild as the winds at first, 
That o'er these regions burst, 

Those feathered forms, 
So barbarous and so low, 
To social life the foe. 
Loomed, like the winter snow 

Or cloud-cleft storms. 



109 



Long as these shoves had stored 
Their wealth, all unexplored, 

Old time had slept 
In silence o'er the soil, 
Nor hoard the hum of toil; 
But ail this teeming spoil 

For us had kept. 

For us our fiithers bore 
Their fortunes to this shore 

From o'er the sea; 
And we to-day appear 
To hail their liigli career, 
And sanctify their year 

Of Jubilee! 

This rock-bound shore, so lone. 
But what a laud unknown, 

Before them lay ! 
Whose hills and lakes and streams 
Within its vast extremes, 
Beyond their brightest dreams. 

Now teel their sway! 

For us they laid in light 
The germs of social right 

And civil power; 
Which, fostered by their care. 
Such fine proportions bear. 
And give their sons to share 

The ample dower. 

By small degrees it grew; 
And better than tl)ey knew 

Their work appears. 
In beauty and renown 
To distant ages down ; 
While glory yet shall crown 

Its coming years ! 

Dear to our hearts be still 
Each rock and vale and hill 

Their feet have pressed; 
And be it stdl our piide 
To cherish with the tide 
Of centuries, as they glide, 

Their memory blessed. 



FiiKKDOM and Faith enshrined 
Within the heart and mind, 

By ViRTUK wreathed ; 
Let these our cares engage 
Thro' each succeeding age; 
Our noblest heritage 

By them bequeathed! 

tJpon his ancient staff 
Two centuries and a half 

In age to-day, 
Tlie State again appears. 
Strong in the toil of years, 
With treasures born of tears 

And memories grey. 

That parent pilgrim band, 
Led by Jehovah's hand, 

By this rude coast: 
For fanes their faith foresaw, 
Founded in sacred awe, 
Of LiuKiiTY and Law : — 

Our birthright boast! 

Within this savage wild, 
Where culture had not smiled 

From earliest time, 
They found a home ; and here, 
Mid prospects dark and drear. 
Displayed their faith sincere 

By deeds sublime ! 

And children in the flood 
Of pure ancestral blood 

Attend in train. 
And follow as a flock, 
A numerous, vigorous stock,. 
Whose energies unlock 

The land and main ! 

Hail to the land we love ; 
So broad, and blest above 

All others, now; 
Whose wealth, in golden grain. 
Adorns each spreading plain 
And lines, with many a vein, 

The mountain's brow ! 



110 



Tliy hand, Almighty One I 
Thro' ancient annals rua 

Divinely right, 
Still leads our later way 
Like Israel's shielding sway 
Of pillar'd cloud by day, 

And fire by night ! 



Thy light, thy love, thy truth, 
Alike in age and youth, 

Shall lead us on ; 
Thro' error's darkling maze. 
And foes of future days, 
Till peace, o'er empire, sways 

Its rule alone ! 



God of our fathers! Thou, 
Who did'st the State endow 

And mould so free ; 
By generations nursed, 
Bid Faith, as at the first. 
With growing volume burst 

In praise to Thke! 



vn 
ORATION. 

BY HON. WILLIAM C. ENDICOTT. 



VIII 

HYMN. 

'The breaJdng waves dashed high."— Mrs. Hemana. 

EENDEEED BY MRS. J. H. WEST. 



IX 

POEM. 



BT WILLIAM W. STORY. 

Read by Prof. J. W. Churchill. 



Ill 

X 

THE ONE HUNDREDTH PSALM. 

SUNG BY CHORUS AND AUDIENCE. 

All people that on earth do dwell, 

Sing to the Lord with cheerful voice ; 

Him serve with mirth, his praise forth tell, 
Come ye before him and rejoice. 

The Lord ye know is God indeed, 
Without our aid he did us make, 

We are his flock, he doth us feed, 
And for his sheep he doth us take. 

O enter then his gates with praise. 
Approach witli joy his courts unto. 

Praise, laud, and bless his name always, 
For it is seemly so to do. 

For why? The Lord our God is good. 

His mercy is forever sure. 
His truth at all times firmly stood. 

And shall from age to age endure. 



XI 

BENEDICTION. 

Br EEV. EOBEKT C. MILLS, D.D. 



EXERCISES AT HAMILTON HALL. 

INCLUDING ADDRESSES AND CORRESPONDENCE. 



After the exercises at the Mechanic Hall the members 
and subscribers with their invited guests assembled at 
Hamilton Hall on Chestnut street for a lunch and social 
entertainment. 

The hall presented an exceedingly animated and inter- 
esting appearance, and everything was well arranged and 
conducted with good taste. An orchestra, under the 
direction of Mr. Jean Missud, was stationed in the gal- 
lery over the entrance to the hall, and entertained the 
company, at intervals, with excellent music. On the 
wall opposite to the entrance, behind the President of 
the Institute, was suspended a portrait of Gov. John En- 
dicott, and on each side were fac- similes of the colonial 
flags of Massachusetts and Connecticut, and on the table 
beneath were deposited several interesting relics of the 
colonial period. 

The tables were laid by Mr. Edward Cassell, the well 
known caterer, and were handsomely decorated with a 
choice display of flowers, arranged beautifully in large 
bouquets, and a small one at each plate, with a neatly 
designed carle de menu, a fitting memento of the celebra- 
tion. The lunch embraced more than a score of dishes, 



substantial and elegant. 



(113) 



114 

At 2.30 p. M. the President called the company to 
order and asked their attention while the Rev. R. C. 
Mills, D.D., of Salem, invoked the divine blessing. 

After an hour spent in festivity, the President com- 
menced the intellectual exercises of the occasion with the 
following address : — 



ADDRESS OF HENRY WHEATLAND. 

Ladies and Gentlemen: Permit me to extend a cordial 
welcome to the friends who are with us this day, espe- 
cially to those sons and daughters of Salem, Avho, after 
years of absence, come to revisit the scenes of their 
childhood and to unite in paying that homage and respect 
due to the memory of a common ancestry ; also to the 
chief magistrate of this old commonwealth, to the repre- 
sentatives of sister societies and to all others who have 
honored us with their presence. 

Let me briefly call your attention to some memorials 
of the colonial period which are displayed in this hall 
to-day. The two flags that are placed on each side of the 
portrait of Governor Endicott, that hangs on the wall in 
the rear, are fac-similes of two colonial flags, one of 
Connecticut in 1675 and the other of Massachusetts in 
1683. On the table we have the origiual indenture 
under the signature of Lord Sheffield, Jan. 1, 1623, 
granted by the council of Plymouth in the county of 
Devon, England, for settling the northern part of Massa- 
chusetts Bay. Roger Conant was then the governor or 
commander. He arrived in Gloucester in 1624, and re- 
moved to Salem in 1626. This charter or indenture was 
superseded by the grant from the Council of Plymouth 
and the subsequent charter under which Gov. Endicott 
acted. The duplicate of this last charter, which was sent 



115 

over to Gov. Endicott in 1629, is on the table. These 
two valuable documents arc deposited in Plummer Hall, 
one the property of the Essex lustitute, the other of 
the Salem Athenaeum. The original charter, which was 
brought over later by Gov. Winthrop, is in the State 
House iu Boston. There is also the first book of records 
of the First Church in Salem, which commenced with the 
ministry of John Higgiuson who was settled in 1(359, in- 
cluding a copy of the principal part of the records of the 
previous doings of the church from an old and much 
defaced volume. Also the Bible that was nsed by Dr. 
E. A. Holyoke. These are interesting memorials of the 
occasion. 

Fifty years ago this da}^ in this hall, at the same hour 
of the day, were assembled the members of the Essex 
Historical Society with their invited guests — Governor 
Lincoln, Lieutenant-governor Thomas L. Winthrop, the 
Hon. Daniel Webster, the Hon. Edward Everett, Mayor 
Quincy of Boston, Professors Farrar and Ticknor of Har- 
vard and others — to commemorate the two hundredth an- 
niversary of the landing of Governor Endicott at Salem. 
Of this assembly, all, with few exceptions, have passed to 
the better land ; four of the survivors are with ns this 
day. The orator of the day was the Hon. Joseph Story ,^ 
one of the justices of the Supreme Court of the United 
States, an original member and the vice-president of the 
society. The president of the society, the venerable Dr. 
E. A. Holyoke,^ whose centennial anniversary was appro- 
priately observed by the medical profession of Boston 
and Salem on the thirteenth of the month preceding, — an 
event probably without a parallel in the annals of medi- 
cine, — presided. Dr. Holyoke was identified with the 

I'lhe figures on this and the two following pages refer to notes in the appendix. 



116 

literary societies of Salem for a period of nearly seventy 
years, from the organization of the old Social Lihiary in 
1760, and a large portion of the time held an official posi- 
tion. He Avas also an original member of the American 
Academy of Arts and Sciences, incorporated in 1780, and 
at one time its president. He was also the first president 
of the Massachusetts Medical Society incorporated in 
1781. To the earlier volumes of the publications of each 
of these societies he was a liberal contributor. His most 
important communication, which was printed after his 
decease, was a meteorological register kept with great 
care, commenced on the first of January, 178G, and con- 
tinued with only a few omissions of a part of a day till 
the close of the year 1823 : from that time continued in a 
less regular manner to the first of March, 1829, when the 
last record was made. On that da}^ he was confined to his 
chamber by his last illness, and on the thirtj^-first day of 
that month he closed his life of usefulness and benevo- 
lence. We have in our library the day books which con- 
tain an accurate account of his professional practice. 
They comprise 123 volumes of ninety pages each, and on 
each page was the entry of thirty visits, making on the 
average twelve visits a day for seventy-five years. The 
first entry was in July 6, 1749 ; the last Avas February 16, 
1829. During the last few years of his life the entries 
were very few. 

The secretary of the society was the Hon. Joseph G. 
Waters,^ whose death we have recently been called upon 
to deplore. He was secretary of the society for twenty- 
one years, till the union of that society with the Essex 
Institute in 1848. He will long be remembered for his 
deep interest in our literar}^ and scientific institutions and 
for his versatile and extensive knowledge of English liter- 
ature and history. 



U7 

The society at that time, which might be called the 
Augustan period of Salem history, had m(iuy men of note 
and distinction ; among them was one* who was a member 
of Washington's militarj' family during the Eevohitionary 
war, and afterwards a member of his cabinet and also 
that of the elder Adams. One^ was a member of the 
cabinets of Madison and Monroe. Three^ were, or had 
been, or have since been senators in Congress, and fifteen^ 
representatives in Congress; one^ justice of^the Supreme 
Court of the United States, a justice of the Supreme 
Court of Massachusetts,^ a judge of probate for Essex 
County,^*' and twenty members of the legal profession," of 
whom we may enumerate Nathan Dane, Samuel Putnam, 
Ichabod Tucker, John Pickering, Joseph Story, Daniel A. 
White, Leverett Saltonstall, Benjamin Merrill, John G. 
King, Rufus Choate, and others. There were also mem- 
bers of the clericaP^ and medicaP^ professions and mer- 
chants.^* The Avritings of some in historj^, literature, 
science, law and jurisprudence were the highest authority. 
The brilliant eloquence of some would draw great crowds 
of attentive listeners not only at the bar, but at the forum 
and in the lecture room ; and there were others, the sails 
of whose ships whitened distant seas, bringing to this 
port the products of every clime. At that time probably 
no society in the United States could exhibit upon its 
roll a greater number of men of influence in the various 
walks of life. 

In determining the time for this commemoration it was 
deemed meet and proper that the same day be selected 
which our predecessors, fifty years ago, appointed, not 
wishing to discredit their judgment as to which day of the 
present new style corresponds with the calendar day of 
1628, nor to express an opinion ou a subject that has agi- 
tated so much the minds of schcrlars and historical stu- 

HIST. COLL. XV 8 



118 

dents. It is well to be coiTect in matters of history, but 
practically it is of little consequence whether we celebrate 
the sixteenth or the eighteenth, provided that the spirit of 
the occasion is observed. "The letter killeth, the spirit 
maketh alive." We are humble workers endeavoring to 
build up a superstructure worthy to be placed upon the 
foundation which the predecessors of this society in their 
wisdom so wisely laid, and to carry forward, to the extent 
of our means and feeble abilities, the work which they 
would wish to have done. In order that this may be a 
suitable and enduring monument to their memory, we 
need the aid and cooperation of all ; not only of those 
who reside among us, but of those born on our soil, edu- 
cated at our schools, and who received here that first 
impulse in life that has enabled them to assume positions 
of trust and honor in the places of their adoption. I 
thank you for your kind attention. Before taking my 
seat, allow me to introduce to you the Rev. Edwin C. 
BoUes, who has kindly consented to assist on this occa- 
sion. [Applause.] 

REMARKS OF THE REV. E. C BOLLES, Pii.D. 

Ladies and Gentlemen: In accepting the honorable 
position of toast master on this occasion, I understand, 
of course, that my duties are simply to indicate the way 
in which others are to walk ; but I am also reminded of 
the many interests which are represented here, the many 
memories which must be recalled, the many voices which 
you Avill all desire to hear. And because we have begun 
our services at so late an hour, the numerous letters from 
distinguished sons of Salem, or those who have been in- 
vited to our commemoration, will not be read at the table, 
but will be printed in the published and ofHcial report of 
these proceedings. 



119 

There is one sentiment that must lead all the rest, and 
great is our regret that no personal response can be made 
to it. Those who laid the foundations of the new colo- 
nies upon these Avestern shores, we are wont to say, 
"builded better than they knew." At any rate, they 
could not understand how vast the buildinsr was to be for 
which they laid the foundations. They could not under- 
stand that so vast an union, so imperial a commonwealth, 
so huge a population, would remember them so many 
years after they had passed to rest, as their fathers — 
their fathers and the founders of their best institutions. 
Permit me to give you, first- of all: "The President of 
the United States." [Applause.] 



RESPONSE BY THE ORCHESTRA. 

National Anthem, "Star Spangled Banner." 

INTRODUCING GOVERNOR RICE. 

We cannot be too thankful that this Anniversary comes 
to us in the time of peace, aud- that, as we celebrate the 
foundation of our state, we can say with pride that not 
one jewel has been lost from the diadem of the Republic. 
And if there be any one of the brilliants which we most 
prize and cherish, it must be that very commonwealth 
whose faint beginnings we celebrate to-day. I give you, 
therefore, as our next toast : "The Commonwealth of 
Massachusetts," and I call upon His Excellency, Governor 
Alexander H. Rice, to respond. [Applause.] 

RESPONSE OF GOVERNOR RICE. 

Mr. President and Ladies and Gentlemen: I should 
hardly meet the demands of this notable occasion, if I 



120 

failed to say a few words in response to the sentiment 
which has been so kindly introduced ; and I should do 
equal violence to my own sense of propriety, if I were 
to enter upon any extended remarks which would post- 
pone, even for a few moments, the eloquent utterances of 
those guests who are present from other cities and states 
and from foreign climes, and for whose voices 1 know you 
are already in waiting expectation. The orator of the 
day, honorable and honored alike in his name, his charac- 
ter, and his lineage, carried us by easy steps backward 
through the vista of two hundred and fifty years, and in- 
vited us to look upon the -germs of the great and noble 
commonwealth which is our pride to-day, and upon a 
condition of social and political society of wonderful sim- 
plicity, of sterling integrity, of dauntless courage, and of 
religious fervor, well worthy to be the seed corn of the 
glorious and honorable outcome which it is our heritage 
to enjoy. I am not among those, who, while paying the 
warmest possible tribute of admiration to the founders of 
the commonwealth and of the nation, partake to any very 
large degree in the apprehension that American character 
and manhood have largely deteriorated from the early 
times. [Applause.] AVe have to-day, I think, as bright 
and noble examples of all that is honorable and just and 
great in human character and achievement, as we have 
had in any period of our history, state or national ; and 
I think there are unmistakable indications that, should 
any exigency arise calling for the re-assertion of those 
principles and acts which have alwa3's been representa- 
tive of the manhood and character of Massachusetts, our 
citizens, one and all, forgetful of private interests and 
personal considerations, would throw themselves into the 
breach to save the honor and welfare of the common- 
wealth. [Applause.] It would indeed be interesting 
to take up the thread of history where the orator left 



J 21 

it and to follow it down during the remaining two hun- 
dred years. How marvellous has been the expansion 
of knowledge ! How great the discoveries and reve- 
lations of science ! How manifold the arts in all their 
kinds and appliances 1 How great the advance of soci- 
ety ; how purified is religious thought; how elevated is 
the plain upon which all civilized nations stand to-day ! 
How vast our resources, how great our opportunities ! 
But I must omit all this and can only bring to you the 
hearty and cordial salutations of the commonwealth, in 
this ancient city towards which I look to-daj^ with a new 
and inspiring devotion and gratitude. And I am sure 
that when the proceedings of this day shall be read 
throughout our borders, the sons and daughters of Massa- 
chusetts will turn to Salem with grateful memories and 
invocations, and heartily desire that "peace may indeed 
be within her walls and prosperity within her palaces ;" 
that the bright sunlight of joy and happiness may be in 
your homes and your households ; and their highest and 
best emulation will, be a generous rivalry with you to sus- 
tain wliat we claim as our common inheritance of privi- 
lege and of honor. [Loud applause.] 



INTRODUCING MAYOR OLIVER, OF SALEM, 

The old and the new meet together in this celebration : 
for although Salem is an old settlement or colony, it is, 
comparatively speaking, a new city. If I mistake not, the 
municipal seal puts two hundred years between the found- 
ing and the act which gave it the character of a city. I 
have no doubt that many present in this hall can remem- 
ber that act of 1836 by which Perley Putnam, who had 
been at the head of the selectmen of the town, passed 



122 

over the keys officially to Leverett Saltonstall, the first 
Mayor of Salem. At any rate, I give you as the next 
sentiment, "The City of Salem," and I call upon His 
Honor, Mayor Oliver, to respond. [Applause.] 



EESPONSE OF MAYOR HENRY K. OLIVER. 

Mr. President: Certain reminiscences, which just now 
spring to memory, of da3's and events long past away, 
when you and I stood in a different relation to one an- 
other, suggest the thought that with the sense of ordinary 
duty in calling upon me as Mayor to respond to the senti- 
ment alluding to our goodly city, there may, just possi- 
bly, mingle a little bit of pardonable sympathy with the 
schoolboy, who, when not unreasonably nor unseasonably 
chastised for misdemeanor, vowed that, if he grew to 
manhood, he would have his revenge on his master, — a 
not uncommon vow among frisky younglings at school 
such as, when I was in harness as teacher, you were, as 
were sundry other oldsters whom I see hereabouts. And, 
doubtless, neither have you, nor have these other now 
antique venerables of this assembly forgotten, that in the 
ancient days Avhen you and they were the rollicking boys, 
— the peg-toppers, the March-marblers, the kite-flyers, 
the general mischief-making manikins of the toAvn, 

"Creeping, like suails, unwillingly to school — " 
And I was he 

"On whom you gazed and still the wonder grew, 
That one small head could carry all he knew. 
And you oft laughed with counterfeited glee, 
At all his jokes, for many a joke had he — " 

that in these remote times of "sixty years since," as Scott 
called his early novel of Waverley, yourself and these 



123 

others might have felt, at my hands and in your hands, 
something of the chastening rod ; and under its smart 
have then vowed the vow of fnture revenge. And I 
argne that, not unlikely, you may therefore have wel- 
comed this chance, however late, and consigned me to 
this punishment of post-prandial exposure of speech. 
Yet I was not much, you know, in the forcefnl way, and 
you could hardly say with Horace, alluding to old flog- 
ging Orbilius, the Roman schoolmaster, 

" Memini quse plagosiim mihi parvo 

Oi'bllium clictare." 

Recalling what, when but a little chap, 
The master taught me with a stinging rap. 

However that may be, I do not propose to permit you a 
long enjoyment of this vengeance, nor to detain this 
goodly company by any superfluous muchness of speech 
from the more toothsome intellectual condiments that I 
am sure are waiting to gratify their expectant appetites. 
And speaking of school and schoolboys, — which hist we 
all glory that we once were, — it will not be out of place to 
induio-e in an excusable vauntins: of the influence of Sa- 
lem's early and continuous eflbrts at securing those means 
which best insure best citizenship, — and those means are 
the Avise education of her children. Upon this dut}', the 
more wise duty than any and all others, she entered at 
her earliest epoch, founding here a free Latin School clear 
back in the remote year of 1637, — two hundred and forty 
years ago, and sending a scholar. Sir George Downing, to 
the class first graduated at Harvard College, in 1642. 
And all along the years that have since elapsed, she has 
zealously cared for the mental and moral training of her 
children, preparing them for the ordinary work of the 
business of life, as well as continuing a full representation 
at our various collegiate institutions. In my own time at 



124 

Harvard — class of 1818 — there were upwards of thirty 
students from Salem in the several classes of that College. 
And without interruption, she has constantly and amply 
provided, at the general expense, abundant and varied 
edncational means, expending therefor one quarter part 
of her animal revenue, her own sense of justice, as well 
as her own sense of true policy, urging her in this most 
wise direction. I know that it is proverbially said, "Let 
another praise thee and not thine own mouth," and, on 
ordinary occasions, it is both discreet and modest to heed 
the counsel. But we, her children, are here to-day on 
our mother's natal day, and are reviewing the methods 
and the means by which, during her long parentage, she 
has reared us and prepared us to act our several parts as 
men and as citizens. Wo are, in fact, acting the part 
assigned to us in the second party — the "another" that is 
to act in the matter of praise, and it is our lips that praise 
her, and not hers that praise herself. And in retrospect 
of her whole history, pardoning the errors of certain 
periods of that history, — which errors Avere the legitimate 
outgrowth of the hard-hearted logic of her religious creed, 
— errors these of the general world and not hers alone, — 
and charitably ignoring the less liberal influences that 
hedged in some of her doings, the strongest reasons, 
aided by a justifiable pride, impel us to be outspoken in 
honoring her with our most irrateful homaije of heart and 
of lip. I certainly can, without partialitj^ join in this 
homage, being but an adopted child, Beverly-born and 
Boston-bred, a descendant, in direct line, of Ruling Elder 
Thomas Oliver, an immigrant thither of 1632 — who was 
so popular Avith his townsmen that when, by their vote, 
their "horses were no longer to be pastured on the Com- 
mon," they made his beast the sole exception. I can, 
with smallest fear of contradiction, say — that the most 



125 

eminent position Salem has occupied in history, in com- 
merce, in literature, in noticeable local events, in her 
long and brilliant array of men of deserved renown, in 
her widely known name, and in the true nobility of her 
record, justifies all the pride of her people, and entitles 
her to highest rank amon^ the cities of the land. So then, 



" Salve, magna parens ! 

Magna virum : — tibi res antiqiise laudis et artis 
Ingredior." 

Great parent, hail ! 
Great in thy breed of noble men; 
To speak thy praise, I wield my pen 
And thy renown record. 

So, too, may I apply what the same great poet, from 
whom I quote, sings elsewdiere : 

"Vivos ducent de marmore vultus; 

Orabunt causas melius, coelique meatus 

Describent radio, et surgentia sidera dicent." 

"Quique sui memores alios fecere merendo." 

Some from dead marble living forms create ; 
Some at the courts the cause of right debate — 
Some with the wand mark out the planets' race, 
And some the rising stars prophetic trace — 
See the long line of worthies, all our own. 
Who by desert won praise and high renown. 

How fitting the application of these Avords to our 
younger Story and our Lander ; to the multitude of our 
distinguished statesmen and lawyers, our elder Story and 
our Choate — to our Bowditch and our Peirce ! and to the 
long line of our illustrious citizens, whose good name 
their own good and pure lives transmitted to us. May 
we, by our continuous effort in imitating, transmit "our 
names to those who shall hereafter judge us by the high 
standard of our forefathers ! 



126 



INTRODUCING THE HON. ROBERT C. WINTHROP. 

History has been called a mirror in which we see the 
living, moving forms of the past, thongh like an imperfect 
mirror it may give a blurred or a distorted reflection. 
All honor is therefore to be paid to those who make the 
mirror of history clear. And that work is done better, 
perhaps, by no organizations in the world than by the 
Historical Societies which in local departments or neigh- 
boring fields revive our knowledge of the by-gone world, 
republish or restate the oracles of the past, or discover, it 
may be buried under the dust of centuries, precious mem- 
orials of those who have gone before. I give 3'ou there- 
fore as our next sentiment, "The Historical Societies of 
the United States — fellow laborers in the work of o'ather- 
iug up the relics of the past." 

I shall call upon two gentlemen to reply to this senti- 
ment, and I first remember the oldest historical society of 
the country — our own Massachusetts Historical Society — 
in whose name the Hon. Robert C. Winthrop, its Presi- 
dent, Avill reply. [Applause.] 



RESPONSE OF HON. ROBERT C. WINTHROP. 

I thank 3'ou, Dr. Wheatland, Ladies and Gentlemen, 
for so friendly and flattering a reception. I was greatly 
honored and obliged by the early summons which was 
served upon me by the Essex Institute to be present here 
on this occasion. But their Committee will bear me wit- 
ues's that in accepting it, as I did at sight, I expressly de- 
clined to be responsible for any formal address. I came 
to hear others ; and especially to listen to the worthy and 
distinguished descendant of him whose arrival here, two 



127 

hundred and fifty years ago, you are so fitly commemo- 
rating to-day. 

But I cannot find it in my heart to be wholly silint. 
And let me say at once, Mr. President, that this is not 
the first time I have participated in celebrating the settle- 
ment of Salem und<3r the lead of John Endicott. I can- 
not forget that I was here fifty years ago to-day. It was 
my well-remembered privilege to accompany my honored 
father, who came, as Lieutenant Governor of the State, 
to unite in representing Massachusetts on that two-hun- 
dredth anniversar}^ of its small beginnings. There were 
no railroads in 1828, and we drove down tosfether from 
Boston that morning, and drove back again at night, hav- 
ing retired early from the dinner table to allow time for 
getting home before dark. 

I was thus in the way of hearing the eloquent oration 
of Judge Story, in company with Webster, and Everett, 
and Quincy, and the other illustrious guests of that occa- 
sion, and of being in close proximity to the venerable Dr. 
Holyoke, who had already completed the hundredth year 
of his age. I recall him at this moment, as I saw him, 
coming out of his own door, with an unfaltering step, to 
join the procession on its march to the Hall. And here, 
in his own handwriting, is the very toast which he gave 
at that dinner, — a precious autograph presented to our 
old Historical Society by our associate Mr. Waterston, 
and which, by the favor of Dr. Deane, I am able to ex- 
hibit at this festival. 

Here it is, with the autograph verification of Jndge 
Story beneath it, — and my distinguished friend next to 
me, the Dean of Westminster, will bear witness, while I 
read it, to the clearness and firmness of the writing: — 
" The Memory of our Pilgrim Forefathers^ who first 
landed on this spot on the 6th of September, 1628 (just 



128 

two centuries ago this clay), who forsook their native 
country and all they held dear that they might enjoy the 
lil](^rty of worshipping the God of their fathers, agree- 
ably to the dictates of their consciences." 

The Dean, in his admirable " Historical Memorials" of 
the world-renowned Abbey over which he presides, has 
made special record of the " Monuments of Longevity," 
including, of course, "the gravestone of the olde, olde, 
very olde man," Thomas Parr, "the patriarch of the seven- 
teenth century," who is said to have lived to the age of 
152.^ But I doubt whether Thomas Parr, or anyI)ody 
else of later date, could have executed a piece of pen- 
manship as fair and steady as this, after the authenticated 
completion of his hundredth year. 

And now, Mr. President, I could hardly have excused 
myself, had I failed to come here again to-day, — not 
merely to revive the pleasant associations of 1828, but to 
manifest in maturer years my sense of the intrinsic inter- 
est of the occasion. My coming to 3'our two hundredth 
celebration was only and altogether an iJ.ct of tilial duty. 
I was then a mere law student, just out of college. I 
come now to your two hundred and fiftieth anniversary, 
after a half century of observation and experience, as a 
recognition, both ofiicial and personal, of its significance 
and importance. I say ofiicial, for I certainly could not 
have reconciled it with my duty, as President of that old 
Massachusetts Historical Society of 1790, which, you have 
just toasted, to absent myself from an occasit)n which 
carries us back so close to the very cradle of our common- 
wealth. And I say personal, — because I should have felt 
myself disloyal to the memory of my venerated New 



2 Memorials of Westminster Abbey, by Artliur Penrhyn Stanley, D.D. Fourth 
edition, p. 327. 



129 

England progenitor, had I not been here, as his represen- 
tative, to bear testimony to one, who hastened on board 
the "Arbclla" to welcome him, on his own arrival with the 
Charter, in this same "Haven of Comfort," less than two 
years afterwards, and who so kindly refreshed him and 
his assistants, as he was carefnl to record in his journal 
at the time, "with good venison pasty and good beer" ; — 
a bill of fare whicli might well make some of our mouths 
water at this moment. 

Nor could I have been held guiltless by any of you, if, 
by my own delinquency, tlie name and blood of Governor 
Winthrop had been missing from the representative group 
of the old Fathers of Massachusetts, which lends so signal 
a lustre, and so peculiar an historical interest, to this 
scene and its surroundings. Conants, and Cradocks, and 
Endicotts, and Higginsons, and Dudleys, and Saltonstalls, 
— not one of them, I believe, is without a lineal descen- 
dant here, to do honor to his memory ! Well may the 
words of the Psalmist of the old oris-inal Salem come 
back to us with new force : " Instead of thy fathers shall 
be thy children : — The children of Thy servants shall con- 
tinue, and their seed shall be established before Thee." 

But this day, Mr. President, belongs peculiarly and 
pre-eminently to old Naumkeag and to John Endicott. 
We are not here to discuss historical conundrums, — if 
there be any still unsolved, after the exhaustive, judicial 
analysis which was made by your accomplished orator 
this morning, — but we are here to recognize and com- 
memorate historical facts. I rejoice to remember that 
Endicott and Winthrop were always friends. No ques- 
tion of priority or precedence, titular or real, was ever 
heard of in their day. They understood perfectly the 
respective parts they were called on to play in founding 
Massachusetts, and they performed those parts with entire 



130 

harmony and concord. It was my good fortune, not many 
years ago, to bring out from my old family papers more 
than twenty original letters from Endicott to Wiuthrop, 
— twice as many as had before been known to exist, — 
which had most happily been preserved for two centuries 
and a quarter, and which make up a large part of the 
best illustration of his character and career. They are 
all printed in our "Historical Collections," and they all 
bear witness to the confidence, friendship, and affection, 
which the two old Governors entertained for each other, 
and which nothing ever interrupted or disturbed. 

Endicott lived fifteen or sixteen years longer than Win- 
throp, and during the latter part of his life was associated 
with troubles and responsibilities from which we all might 
wish that he had been spared. He was a man of impul- 
sive and impetuous temper, and sometimes too summary 
and severe in his views and acts. But no mild or weak 
nature could have contended with the wilderness trials he 
was called to encounter. As Palfrey well says, in his 
excellent "History of New England:" "His honesty, 
frankness, fearlessness, and generous public spirit had 
won their proper guerdon in the general esteem." Or we 
may adopt the words Avith which Bancroft introduces him 
into his brilliant "History of the United States :" "A man 
of dauntless courage, and that cheerfulness which accom- 
panies courage ; benevolent, though austere ; firm, though 
choleric; of a rugged nature, which his stern principles 
of non-conformity had not served to mellow, — he was 
selected as a fit instrument to begin this wilderness work." 

As the founder of this oldest town of Massachusetts 
proper, whose annals contain the story of so much of 
early commercial enterprise and so much of literary and 
scientific celebrity, — including such eminent names as 
Gray and Peabody and Derby, and Silsbee and Pickman 



131 

and Pickering and Putnam, and Saltonstall and Bentley 
and Bowditch and Story, and Peirce and Prescott and 
Hawthorne, — his own name could never be forgotten. 
While, as the Governor of the pioneer Plantation which 
preceded the transfer of the whole Massachusetts Govern- 
ment from Old England to New England, — without either 
predecessor or successor in the precise post which he was 
called on to fill from 1628 to 1630,' — he must always hold 
a unique place in Massachusetts history. Nor will it 
ever be forgotten, that, when he died, in 16p5, he had 
served the Colony iu various relations, including the very 
highest, longer than any other one of the Massachusetts 
Fathers. 

All honor, then, to the memory of John Endicott, and 
may he never want a distinguished and eloquent descen- 
dant, like my friend to whom we have listened this morn- 
ing, to illustrate his name and impersonate his virtues 1 

May I be pardoned, Mr. President, for trespassing a 
moment longer on the indulgence of the company, while 
I give one more reason for my unwillingness to plead 
either avocations, distance, or age, for not being here on 
this anniversary? There seems to be a disposition, in 
some quarters, to deal disparagingly, and even despite- 
fully, with some of the Puritan Fathers of Massachusetts. 
There is a manifest eagerness to magnify their errors of 
judgment and to exaggerate their faults of character or 
conduct. Men find it easier to repent of the oiFences of 
their forefathers, than of their own ofiences. I trust that 
Ave of Massachusetts may be betrayed into no recrimina- 
tions. We can never exhibit any thing but respect for 
the chivalrous planters of the Old Dominion ; or for the 
brave Dutchmen of New Netherlands ; or for the pure- 

» See Life and Letters of John Winthrop, Vol. I, pp. 342-352, Vol. II, pp. 23-32. 



132 

hearted Quakers of Pennsylvania or New Jersey ; or for 
that grand impersonation of Soul-Freedom which our sis- 
ter Rhode Island recognizes in her illustrious founder. 
And, certainly, we can entertain nothing but the pro- 
foundest admiration and reverence for the Pilgrims of 
Plymouth Colony, — so long independent of our own com- 
monwealth. But all this is consistent with holding, as 
we of Salem and Boston all do hold, I trust and I believe, 
at this hour, that the fathers and founders of Massachu- 
setts proper are to be accounted as second to none of 
them, either in themselves, or in the institutions which 
they established. We are not called on to defend their 
bigotry or superstitions. We may deplore their occa- 
sional eccentricities and extravao:ancies. But no other 
characters than theirs could have made New Eno;land what 
it is. Indeed, the prosperity and freedcnii which our 
whole land has enjoyed for a century past have had no 
earthly source of greater influence and efficacy than what 
is called the Puritanism of the Massachusetts Fathers. 

I have no serious fear for the future welfare and glory 
of our country. Out of all the crime, and corruption, 
and political chaos, which are appalling us at this mo- 
ment, light and virtue and order will reappear again, — 
even as the dense and protracted fogs which darkened the 
whole North last week have broken away into the glorious 
sunshine of this day ; or as the terrible fever which is at 
this moment desolaiins: the whole South, excitins: all our 
sympathies and receiving all our succors, will soon, by 
the blessing of God, be followed by renewed health and 
happiness. New England may never, perhaps, recover 
her lost ascendency. But her power has passed to those 
in the Great West who do not forget the old hives from 
which they swarmed, and who will not wholly renounce 
the memories or the princii)les of their Puritan ancestry. 



133 

Let me once more thank the Essex Institute for the 
privilege of taking part in this interesting festival, and 
assure them of the best wishes of the old Massachusetts 
Historical Society, over which I have the honor to preside, 
for their continued prosperity and welfare. 

INTRODUCING THE HON. MARSHALL P. WILDER. 

I desire the Hon. Marshall P. Wilder, the President of 
the New England Historic Genealogical Society, and 
well-known also as the constant friend and patron of 
rural improvement, to add his word in response to this 
toast. [Applause.] 

RESPONSE OF HON, MARSHALL P. WILDER. 

Mr. President: I thank you for remembering me in 
connection with the New England Historic Genealogical 
Society, whose mission, like that of your own Society, is 
to gather up, preserve and perpetuate, all that may be 
known in regard to the history and genealogy of our New 
England people. Most heartily do I rejoice that I am 
able to be present and to participate in the privileges and 
pleasures of the occasion. 

Nothing could be more appropriate than the observance 
of this anniversary. If, as we read in the good book, 
we should hallow the fiftieth year, how much more should 
we remember the 250th year ; the fifth jubilee of the 
landins: of our Puritan Fathers on these shores — an 
event, as the orator has stated, which must ever be re- 
garded as of momentous character, not only in the history 
of our own New England, but, may I not add, in the 
history of our country and the world. 

The same heavens spread their magic arch of glittering 

HIST. COLL. XV 9 



134 

beauty over us — the same old ocean rolls its briny billows 
at our feet, as when tliey landed here, but in almost 
everything else how changed the scene ! The red man 
has vanished like the will o' the wisp — the dark forest 
has fallen beneath the pioneer's axe, the stubborn soil has 
opened its bosom to the ploughman's share, and the iron 
track has opened a highway across our continent, from 
sea to sea. Populous cities, thriving towns and villages 
have sprung up as by enchantment ; civil, literary, scien- 
tific and benevolent institutions have been scattered on 
our land like gems from the skies, and to-day a popula- 
tion of forty-five millions of souls are rejoicing in the 
benefits and blessings of the most free, independent and 
prosperous nation on earth. 

But this is not, my friends, the result of chance. No, 
no, it is a part of that great plan of Divine Providence 
which has for its object the elevation of our nation to a 
hi£rhcr and nobler scale of civilization, and in Avhich our 
own New England was to perform a most important part. 
How important then the record of everything Avhich may 
pertain to history and progress of our beloved land. To 
this end our Historical and Genealogical Societies have 
been established, and the Society over which you, jMr. 
President, so ably and gracefully preside, has done noble 
work. 

How astonishing the progress of art, science, and civ- 
ilization in our own day ! How grand the discoveries, 
inventions and genius of our own New England men. 
Wo have alluded to this before, but we delight to speak 
of it again, that it may be perpetuated in our history 
through all coming time. 

" Thus should we tell it to our sons 
And they again to theirs. 
That generations yet unborn 
May teach it to their heirs." 

Listen again for a moment to this wonderful stcry? 



135 

Who was it that brought the lightning from the fiery 
cloud and held it safelv in his hand? Who tauo;ht it to 
speak all the languages of earth and sent it with messages 
around the globe? Who was it that laid the mystic wire 
dry shod from continent to conthient in the almost fathom- 
less abyss of the mighty deep ? Who was it that brought 
the heaven-born messenger, lethean sleep, to assuage 
human suffering and blot from the memory the cruel op- 
erations of the surgeon's knife? Who planted the first 
free school on this continent, if not the first free school 
in this world? Whose sign manual appears at the head 
of the siijners of the immortal Declaration of American 
Independence? Who were the men, more than any 
others, by whose bold adventure and wonderful despatch, 
the iron track was laid across our continent, opening a 
highway for the nations of the Avorld? Were not these 
all New England men? Aye, they were Massachusetts 
men. And who was it that was honored at his death by 
special funeral rites in Westminster Abbey, under the di- 
rection of the Very Reverend Dean who sits by your side 
[applause], who but your own George Peabody, son of 
Salem, whose remains were by order of Her Majesty, 
the Queen of England, sent hither under royal convoy of 
ships in token of his benefactions to mankind? And who 
was it that pronounced the affectionate, eloquent, and 
truthful elogium over these remains of his beloved friend, 
in yonder field of peace ; who but our own cherished 
Winthrop, who honors this occasion with his presence. 

But time would fail me, were I to speak in detail of the 
benign influence of New England genius and New Eng- 
land examples. Suffice it to say, that in all which relates 
to the elevation and welfare of the human race she has 
alwaj^s stood boldly forth as a pioneer in the march of 
progress and of principle. 



136 

I thank you Mr. President, for your kind allusion to 
me, in connection with the great industrial interest of our 
land. You do n)e no more than justice when you say 
that I am a friend to rural improvements, for, Sir, I can- 
not remember the time wheii I did not love the cultivation 
of the soil, and the culture of f]-uits and flowers. It is 
the instinct of my nature, and I have ever felt that I had 
a mission to perform in this line of duty. I have there- 
fore devoted all the time I could abstract from other cares 
to the promotion of these objects. I have lived to see 
great improvements in the agriculture and horticulture of 
our country, and to them Essex County has been a large 
contributor. From the earliest history of New England, 
Essex County has been celebrated for the promotion of 
these interests. Here in Salem was planted by Gov. 
Endicott, the first nursery of which we have any account 
in our countr3^ For we find in 1648, he sold 500 apple 
trees to William Trask, for which he received 250 acres 
of land. Here also, was invented the first mowing ma- 
chine in our land of which we have any account, a patent 
having been granted by the colonial government to one 
Joseph Jencks, in 1655, for the "more speedy cutting of 
grasses." Here, in your own Salom, was planted the first 
pomological garden in New England, for the identifica- 
tion of fruits, by Robert Manning, fifty-five years ago, in 
which he had nearly 2000 varieties of trees, and under 
Avhose personal inspection were tested many hundred 
kinds of fruits — and whose son, still with us, is pursuing 
the same important investigations. Here, too, were early 
introduced, by your merchants and ship-owners, many of 
the finest fruits which we now possess — and among which 
came, seventy-six years ago, that useful and almost indis- 
pensable tomato, now so universally cultivated. 

Your Essex Agricultural Society, now in its sixtieth 



137 

year, has always stood in the front rank of all similar 
associations. Its first president was Timothy Pickering, 
"who "was also the first secretary of the first permanent 
agricnltural society on this continent. Here*, also, in 
Salem, were the homes of Joseph Peabody, Leverett 
Saltonstall (whose "worthy son sits by my side), and many 
other corporators of the Essex Society. Here, in Essex 
Connt}^ on a later day, were the homes of Derby, Col- 
man, Newell, Proctor, Cabot, Allen, Ives, Hoffman, the 
Putnams, and Allen W. Dodge, so recently taken from 
us, and other leaders in agricultural and horticultural 
progress. Here are now the farms of George B. Loring, 
President of the New England Agricultural Society, of 
Ben Perley Poore, for many years Secretary of the United 
States Agricnltural Society, of Benjamin P. Ware, Pres- 
ident of the Essex Agricultural Society, of Dr. J. R. 
Nichols, the eminent agricultural chemist, and last, not 
least, the 1800 acres of farms of my good friend. Gen. 
Wm. Sutton. Nor let it be forgotten, that here in Essex 
County was the birth-place of Charles Louis Flint, for 
twenty-five years the Secretary of the Massachusetts 
Board of Agriculture. 

Nor would I fail to express my gratitude to my good 
friends of Essex County who have stood by me for twenty- 
five years in all my efforts to advance the cause of Agri- 
cultural education — efforts which have culminated in the 
establishment of our Agricultural College — a college 
which has already graduated 150 sclv)lars, and whose 
freshman class this year, numbers more than ninety stu- 
dents, and whose President, W. S. Clark, Ph.D., has 
by the order of the Government of Japan, planted the 
first agricultural college in those far off isles, and in- 
stalled over it a president, and three professors, all of 
whom are graduates of the Massachusetts Agricultural 
College. 



138 

For the wonderful progress in agriculture and horticul- 
ture which we have witnessed in our diiy, we are mainly 
indebted to those public spirited gentlemen who have 
founded societies for the promotion of their interests, iind 
to which Essex County has contributed largely. It is not 
a hundred years since the first permanent agricultural 
Society was founded upon this continent. It is not quite 
fifty years since the Massachusetts Horticultural Society 
was formed, the great leader in horticultural science ; 
now, these and similar institutions are counted by thous- 
ands. It is only thirty years since the American Pomo- 
logical Society was formed, whose first and last President, 
through a merciful Providence, stands before you to-day — 
a society Avhose catalogue embraces lists of fruirs for fifty 
states, territories, and districts of the continent, and at 
whose quarter centennial in Boston, the far off state of 
Nebraska, headed by her governor, carried off the Wilder 
medal for the best collections of fruit. But, marvellous 
as our progress has been, it is but the dawn of that glori- 
ous day when all our lands susceptible of fruit culture, 
shall be brought into use. 

What would Gov. Endieott have thought when planting 
his pear tree in yonder field, if he could have foreseen 
that his example Avould have been multiplied into thou- 
sands of orchards; that orchards of ten thousand trees of 
a single kind would be planted ; that gardens in the vicin- 
ity of Boston would possess eight hundred varieties of 
the pear; that the apple W(nild be so extensively culti- 
vated, that three counties in the state of New York would 
annually provide more than a million barrels of apples, 
or that the exports of this fruit to the old world would 
amount to 400,000 barrels annually ; that the peach crop 
from the peninsula of Delaware and Mar3'land alone, 
would exceed five millions of bushels a year; that the 
culture of the grape would be extended to the Pacific 



139 

const ; and the annual product of the vine, beyond the im- 
mense consumption of fruit for the table, would produce 
fifteen millions gallons of wine ; or that the product of 
our fruit crops annually, would amount to $140,000,000, 
or nearly half the average value of our annual wheat 
crops. 

I thank you, Mr. President, for your kind recognition 
of my efforts- to advance the interests of terraculture iu 
our land. But my work will soon be done. I have 
passed the summit of the hill of life, have descended 
almost to the valley below. Soon I shall be resting in 
the bosom of mother earth ; but if, as you intimate in 
your sentiment, I have done anything to advance the 
great industrial interests of the Avorld — anything which 
shall live when I have passed away — I shall be content, 
feelinij that I have not lived in vain. 

Mr. President, I thank you for the privilege of being 
present on this most interesting occasion; I rejoice with 
yon, that we are favored to-da}^ by the presence of His 
Excellency, Gov. liice, and of our cherished friends, 
Winthrop and Endicott, lineal descendants of the worthy 
men whose deeds are this day commemorated ; and es- 
pecially do we all rejoice, that we are honored by the 
presence of the Very Reverend Dean of Westminster, 
the illustrious guest from our father land. [Applause.] 
May your Society go on prospering in the future as in 
the past, and may yoiu- own valuable life and services be 
prolonged for many years an honor to your institution, 
and a benefaction to our country. 

INTRODUCING THE REV. DEAN STANLEY. 

It may not be known to those who are at the other 
tables in the hall, that a dish of pears from the veritable 



140 

Endicott pear tree has been placed before the President 
at the head of this table, and that Colonel Wilder's ponio- 
logical instincts led him to identify them even from his 
seat some distance away. They are not exactly edible, 
these pears, as yet ; bnt indeed yon know it was one of 
the Puritan peculiarities to take a long time to have its 
soft side brought out. 

But we must not speak to-day, of all this history as 
though it began with the landing of Endicott or the 
founding of any of the colonies in this western world. 
American history is not lilic one of those plants in botany, 
"whose root abruptly terminates, bitten off, as the common 
mind would say ; for the roots of our American history 
strike down through all this anniversary and into the soil 
of a land across the sea. And to those of us who have 
had even tlie briefest look upon that land, it has 'given 
especial pleasure to visit Westminster Abbey, where 
those great men, who belong just as much to us as 
they do to our English brethren, lie in their places of 
honor, and where the earth, consecrated in the name of 
religion at first, has become doubly, trebly, nay, an hun- 
dred and a thousand fold consecrated since that time 
by the wisdom and genius of those whose mortal taber- 
nacles have been laid to rest within it. You will per- 
mit me, therefore, to give as the next sentiment : "Our 
Old Home." And when I call upon our honored guest 
to respond to this sentiment, I might name him by any 
one of his many titles to distinction. I might speak at 
leno'th of his service to letters and the church, the cause 
of humanity and the interests of civilization evei-ywhere. 
But I call him by this one name, the name which is a 
household word in the homes and churches of America, 
and I introduce to you Dean Stanley of Westminster. 
[Great applause.] 



141 



RESPONSE OF DEAN STANLEY. 

Mr. President: You are aware that I have been l)ut 
two days on this side of the Atlantic. I came to this 
country not to speak but to hear, not to teach but to 
learn, therefore you Avill not expect me, even if there 
were not more potent reasons, to address you at pres- 
ent at any great length. But, after the kind way in which 
you have proposed my health, after the kind reception 
"vvitii which I have been met, after the tribute which I 
feel is given, in my humble person, to my own country, 
I cannot but say a few words to express the deep gratifi- 
cation which I have had at being present, under the kind 
protection of my ancient friend, Mr. Winthrop, and my 
new friend, the goverjior of Massachusetts [applause], 
on this auspicious occasion. You propose your old 
homes, our old homes. It has often struck me that I 
should almost have wished to have been born on this side 
of tlie Atlantic, as a citizen of the United States, in order 
to have felt the pleasure which I have seen again and 
again in the faces of Americans as they have witnessed 
their old homes on the other side of the ocean. It has 
been my constant pleasure to receive them in that oldest 
of all the old homes, whether of Old England or of New 
England, Westminster Abbey. It is a pleasure to me to 
think that, besides those common recollections of the 
great orators and poets and statesmen of the English- 
speaking race, those who cross from this side of the 
Atlantic may even find something in that old home which 
may remind them of their new homes here. You may- 
see on the Avails of Westminster Abbey a tablet, placed 
in that church by the state of Massachusetts itself, in that 
dubious period over which the eloquent orator of to-day 
passed with so tender and delicate a step. And you will 
see the grave which has been already alluded to, of the 



142 

munificent benefactor of tho poor of London ; the tem- 
j)orary grave, in which his remains were deposited amidst 
the mourning of the Avhole people of London within our 
walls. You Avill even see in a corner there, most sacred 
of memory, Boston harbor depicted with the sun setting 
behind the western world. All these things, when any 
of you come to Westminster Abbe}', will, I trust, make 
you feel that you are at home, even in an American sense, 
within those old familiar walls. 

But I cannot but feel that as there is this pleasure which 
Americans must feel in visiting their old home on the 
eastern side of the ocean, so there is a pleasure, if not 
reaching back so far, yet still of tho same kind, with 
which an Englishman, after long waiting, after long de- 
siring, visits for the first time the shores of this new 
home of his old race. You can hardly imagine, I think, 
the intense curiosity with which, as he enters Boston har- 
bor, he sees the natural features opening upon his view 
of wdiich he has so long read in books, and has pointed 
out to him name after name familiar in his own country. 
And when I come to this celebration, cold and hard must 
be the heart of that Englishman who would not feel drawn 
to a place hallowed by the recollection of those Puritan 
fathers w-hose ancestors Avere as valuable an element in 
our society as they can have been in yours. And I, 
speaking for myself, long, long before I had formed the 
design of coming to America, certainly before I had any 
expectation of being present on such an occasion as this, 
had been drawn to the city of Salem by the recollection 
that it was the birthplace of one whom I call my friend, 
the gifted sculptor, whose vigorous and vivid poem we 
all heard with so much pleasure to-day [a})plausc], and 
also by the genius ranking amongst the first place of the 
genius of this century, the genius of Nathaniel Haw- 
thorne. [Applause.] 



143 

And listening to all the marvellons strains of interest 
which have gone throngh the speeches of this chw, one 
of tlie thoughts which strikes me most forcibly is that I 
am carried back from these shores to my own country 250 
years ago. I doubt whether there is any audience in 
England which could be equally impressed by any event 
that had taken place in England 250 years ago [applause] 
with the feeling both toward the mother country and 
towards this country, and towards the society of their 
own country which I have seen throughout the proceed- 
ings of to-day. The foundation of Salem is indeed an 
event which binds together our old and our new homes, 
and if there is a mixture of light and shade in the recol- 
lections which crowd npon us, it is one of those reflec- 
tions which till the mind with that double feeling so 
important for the hopeful view of the future destinies of 
our race. If in Salem we stand on the ijrave of some 
extinct beliefs, extinct and vanished away, as we trust, 
forever, so in Salem we cannot, Englishman and Ameri- 
can alike, but look forward to that distant future, the 
future not only of the eastern states, but of those far 
Avestern states of which several speakers have spoken, 
and of those far distant ages in which we cannot forecast 
with any certainty the destinies either of Europe or Asia, 
but in which we still hope that, judging by the past, our 
own English race may still, under the providence of God, 
etiect new Avorks and fulfil more hopes for tb.e human 
race, such as, perhaps, at present we hardly dare think 
of. 'Tis not too late to seek a newer world. [Applause.] 



RESPONSE BY THE ORCHESTRA. 

"God save the Queen." 



144 



LETTER FROM CHIEF JUSTICE GRAY. 

A letter has been received from the Chief Justice of 
the Supreme Court of our Commonwealth, which I will 
read. 

Boston, September 9, 1878. 
My dear Sir: 

The associate justices of the Supreme Judicial Court, 
except Mr. Justice Endicott, request me to say, in their 
behalf as well as in my own, that to our great regret our 
official engagements at the terms of court established by 
law constrain us to decline the cordial invitation of the 
Essex Institute to be present at the commemoration of 
two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the landing of 
Governor Endicott at Salem ; and that we are therefore 
obliged to leave it to the descendant of the first lawgiver 
of the Massachusetts Colony to represent the court upon 
this occasion. 

Respectfully and truly yours, 

Horace Gray. 



INTRODUCING THE HON. WILLIAM C. ENDICOTT. 

I give 3'ou, therefore, as the next toast, "The Supreme 
Court of Massachusetts," and I follow it with another 
which is itself suggested by the terms of the Chief Jus- 
tice's letter. I am impressed with one thing especially as 
I stand before you in this hall : the number of interests 
which are here represented and summed up in individuals. 
By that, I mean, that there are so many here who are at- 
tached by more than a single golden link to the memories 
and traditions which we revive or honor to-day. And 



145 

of all such gentlemen, citizens of Salem, or bearers of 
its illustrious names, I think that one may, in particular, 
be mentioned here. I might speak of him as occupying 
an honored place upon the supreme bench of our common- 
wealth. I might call upon him to speak from his posi- 
tion at the head of that institution of science which in our 
community bears the illustrious name of Peabody. I 
might identify him with the spirit of this day, by the 
memory of that ancestor whose portrait is just above his 
head. I shall call upon him by yet another name, and I 
desire that, to the sentiment "The Orator of the Day," 
the Hon. William C. Endicott may reply. [Applause.] 



EESPONSE OF THE HON. WILLIAM C. ENDICOTT. 

Mr. President, Ladies and Genilemen : I thank you for 
this kind reception. After the address which I delivered 
this morning, I feel that I should not trespass upon the 
brief hours allotted to us here, for they belong to others 
and not to me. I intended to ask you to excuse me from 
any reply to the sentiment now proposed. But I am 
reminded by the speech of my friend Mr. Winthrop, of 
the remarkable fact that so many of the lineal descendants 
of the early settlers are here, and I desire to allude to 
another name, to add one, which in that connection he re- 
frained from mentionino-. It is one of the most interestinfi: 
features of the occasion that a large number are present 
who claim their blood and descent from those who started 
this colony two hundred and fifty years ago. I said this 
morning, that Endicott was welcomed when he landed, by 
"Roger Conant and three sober men." These three men 
were Woodbury, Balch, and Palfrey — Palfrey the ances- 
tor of the distiniruished and ever-to-be-remcmbered histo- 



146 

rian of New England, Dr. Palfrey — and the names of all 
are household words in this neighborhood. My friend 
was right in saying that either at this table or in the 
hall, where we assembled this morning, there were de- 
scendants of Conant, of Woodbury, of Balch, of Palfrey ; 
and I see a Palfrey at the end of the table before me. 
[Applause.] There are also descendants of Higginsou 
whom Endicott welcomed the next year ; and as my 
friend has said, there are descendants of Endicott here. 
I see several of them before me. [Langhter and ap- 
plause.] And there are descendants of that stout Sir 
Richard Saltonstall, who came over with Winthrop. I 
see on my right the familiar faces of two who bear his 
name. I do not know that my friendship for them is 
based altogether upon the fact that our ancestors were 
friends ; but it goes back so far that I cannot remember 
when it ])egan, and their presence recalls pleasing and 
delightful memories. But we have another name, ever 
to be honored in INIassachusetts. "We have a Winthrop 
here, whom you have welcomed so cordially, and to Avhom 
I desire to add my welcome. My recollection of history 
accords with his, when he says that Endicott welcomed 
Winthrop, and Winthrop came on shore- and was refreshed 
with "venison pasty, and good beer." Endicott was 
then resigning an office, giving up a place ; Winthrop 
came clothed with the insignia of a new power. I have 
no office to resign to my friend ; and he does not come 
to Salem to-day with the power of a governor of Massa- 
chusetts, bearing the seal and the Charter. These his 
great ancestor could not transmit to him, and he was too 
good a republican to have desired it if he could. But his 
great ancestor could transmit other things to him. He 
could transmit and send down with his blood, that capacity 
for affairs, that sober and moderate wisdom, that rich and 



147 

sonorous eloquence, to which you have listened to-day. 
[Applause.] I therefore desire to give you as a sen- 
timent, "the memory of Conant, and of Balch, and of 
Palfrey, and of Woodbury, who stood upon the shore 
and welcomed Endicott; the memory of Saltonstall and 
Winthrop, whom Endicott afterwards welcomed. [Ap- 
plause.] 

JNTRODUCIXG TPIE HON. LEVERETT SALTONSTALL. 

"We have not b}' any means forgotten, in making up the 
sentiments for this occasion, that the honor of the old 
founding was not concentrated in a single name. We 
Avell know that a good leader requires good followers, 
and that if other names have perhaps, through the force 
of circumstances, obtained less lustre than those which 
have been repeated so often to you to-day, there were 
others who wrought with those ancestors of this common- 
wealth to make their work effectual and permanent. I 
beg to give you, gentlemen, as the next sentiment : "The 
patentees of Massachusetts and their associates under the 
old charter. May their descendants ever be mindful of 
their virtues." And I call upon the Hon. Leverett Sal- 
tonstall to respond. 

RESPONSE OF LEVERETT SALTONSTALL. 

I feel painfully conscious that it is for no merit of mine, 
nor even for any official position, that I am invited to 
respond to the sentiment which has just been offered ; 
but merely because it is my privilege to bear the name, 
and to have descended from one of those admirable men, 
whose memory we this day celebrate. After the eloquent 
oration of the mornin<r, and the interesting remarks of 



148 

the distinguished gentlemen who have preceded me, it 
would be presumptuous in me to do much more than to 
thank you, sir, for your kind words. 

And yet I should be false to my instincts, to my native 
place, to the memory of my honored ancestry, and espe- 
cially of my venerated father, so identified with Salem, 
had I been absent to-day, or refused whatever duty might 
be assigned to me. 

It is a good thing for us thus to recur to the birthday 
of the town, the state, and may I not say of the nation? 
to that bright day in September Avhen the brave Endicott 
and his band of hardy adventurers entered the bay and 
began the first permanent settlement. We strive to pic- 
ture to ourselves the scene, as it presented itself to their 
admiring eyes, in all the freshness, beauty, and grandeur 
of nature. It is difficult, now, to imagine this place as 
it appeared to them, as they slowly approached this wild 
shore. They had left their native land, a country the 
most advanced in civilization and refinement, for the pur- 
pose of beginning a settlement in this remote wilderness. 
They arrived in September, whilst the forests were still 
in their glory; and though desolate and uncultivated, how 
grand and beautiful must have been the })rospect before 
them ! The ishuids, the shores, the distant hills were 
covered with lofty trees in their richest foliage. There 
the}' had been amid the silence of ages, a silence unbro- 
ken by human voice, save that of the savage race whose 
home was in the forest. 

We linger over their accounts of this new world, espe- 
cially that given by the gentle and saintly Higginson, 
who was so soon called from those who loved him here to 
his long rest. 

And again on the soft day in June, two years after, 
when the "Arbella" and her consorts arrived, with Win- 



149 

throp, Dudley, Johnson, Sultonstall, and others, a goodly 
company, with their wives and children, bringing over 
tlie charter, which they boldly resolved to execute as a 
constitution of civil government here, instead of a mere 
trading coi-poration in England, for which it was designed 
— a cou]) tVetat which decided the destiny of the colony, 
and which made the little settlement here the s^erm of a 
sovereign, free, and indejyendent state. 

No motive springing from the earth was sufficient to 
induce these men to leave their pleasant and luxurious 
homes, to abandon all the attractions of wealth and high 
social position, for this savage wilderness ; in their small 
and miserable vessels, devoid of every comfort, with in- 
sufficient food, to cross what must have seemed to them 
an almost boundless sea, to seek new homes in this "out- 
side of the world." These were men (and women, too) 
of high culture, who eagerly gave up all for "'freedom to 
icorsJiip God.'''' 

But I am reminded by your toast, JNIr. President, that 
I should not omit briefly referring to Sir Richard Salton- 
stall, the first named patentee under the royal charter, 
who, though not so conspicuous as others, was among the 
first to devote himself, his family, and his fortunes to the 
great enterprise, continuing, through life, to be the ardent 
friend and supporter of the colony. No words can better 
portray his tridy Christian character, than his owu letter 
to the ministers of Boston, Messrs. Cotton and Wilson, 
written after his return to England ; a few words from 
which I know I shall be pardoned for quoting. 

"It doth not a little grieve my spirit to heare what sadd 
things are reported daily of your tyranny and persecu- 
tions in New England, as that you fine, whip, and im- 
prison men for their consciences. * * * Truly, friends, 
this your practice of compelling any, in matters of wor- 

IIIST. COLL. XV 10 



150 

ship to doe that whereof they are not fully persuaded is 
to make them siun. * * * I hope you do not assume to 
yourselves iufallibility of judgment, when the most learned 
of the apostles confesseth he knew but in part and saw but 
darkly as through a glass." A "spirit^' which descended 
to his grandson, who refused to sit as one of the judges at 
the special court for the trial of the witches. These acts 
bear evidence to a manliness and independence, which 
through all time should be a lesson to their descendants, 
and inspire them with courage to boldly maintain their 
convictions of right. 

And now we have listened to the eloquent words which 
have fallen from the lips of an Endicott and a Winthrop. 
We rejoice that these admirable men, their ancestors, 
among the other good things they did for posterity, under 
the kind providence of God, left such a legacy as we 
enjoy in their descendants. And it is a comfort to feel, 
that however the storm of politics may toss our i)oor 
country, and bring to the surface bad and dishonest 
leaders, we have still among us good and true, wise and 
patriotic men, who, while they carry in their veins the 
blood and bear the names, no less inherit the virtues of 
their illustnious ancestors. 

TOAST TO HARVARD COLLEGE. 

From the earliest 3'ears of its settlement, the community 
-which we represent has been especially identified with the 
cause of academic learning. It has probably su[)i)lied 
more students than has any other city in the common- 
wealth to the ranks of our oldest college ; and I am told 
that to-day there are seven instructors upon the board of 
its faculty, who hail in their birth from Salem. So I 
shall give you as the next sentiment: "Harvard College, 
the Pioneer of Academic Learning in our Country." 



151 

RESPONSE BY THE ORCHESTRA. 
"Fair Harvard." 

INTRODUCING PROFESSOR PEIRCE. 

At the mention of Harvard College, I have no doubt 
that some of your eyes turned toward one of our distin- 
guished guests with the expectation that he would be 
called upon to respond to that sentiment. I did not then 
mention his name, for this reason, that I did not care to 
have his individual title to distinction lost in the general 
glory of the university, and also because I wished to 
emphasize in a particular way the call which I should 
make upon him. And I make that call by reminding you 
that the City of Salem has been especially connected not 
only with the science of history, but with the history of 
science. Some of its most cherished shrines are scien- 
titic shrines. Some of its noblest memories are the mem- 
ories of scientific achievement and distinction. And so I 
give you, as the next sentiment: "The record of Salem 
in Science," and I call upon Professor Peirce of Harvard 
College to reply. [Applause.] 

RESPONSE OF PROFESSOR PEIRCE, OF HARVARD. 

Mr. Chairman: I trust that you will permit me to ex- 
tend your subject to one a little grander, and one that 
was referred to, I believe, in my invitation, that is the 
colonial science or the science of the colonies in jreneral, 
and not restrict it solely to Salem. 

Mr. Bolles. — Certainly, sir. 

Professor Peirce. — It is true that the grandeur of the 



152 

theme deserves a more influentuil and fitting utterance. 
Man, with his intellect is placed in this intellectual cos- 
mos that he may grow and expand to the full measure of 
his utmost capacity, which is, of course, infinite ; and the 
land and the nation where this is readiest and most possi- 
ble, is the natural birth-place of an independent and pow- 
erful republic. Our earliest forefathers understood this 
thoroughly, and they," in the outset, under the inspiration 
of this, produced great men, such as the Winthrops, 
Wigglesworths, Holyoke, Rittenhouso, Franklin and Bow- 
ditch. They were all born before the. Kevolution. They 
established universities and colleges all over the land. 
Harvard Avas but one of them. There Avas Yale, there 
was Columbia, New York ; there were altogether ten 
colleges that were established before the Declaration of 
Independence. They also founded academies, learned 
academies throughout the country. The first of the Win- 
throps was himself one of the founders, one of the orig- 
inal founders of the lloyal Society of London, and his 
grandson had a volume of the memoirs of the academy 
dedicated to him. And there were four of that famil3^ 
There were Bowdoin and many other American academies 
that were members of the Royal Society. In 1727, I 
think it was, Franklin founded at Philadelphia the Junta, 
or established the Jtmta, wdiich was a workingmcn's soci- 
ety for the pursuit cf knowledge. And afterwards, later 
than that, 1743, I think it was, that he founded a larger 
society under the name of the Philosophical Society ; and 
he combined these two societies, afterwards, under the 
national name of the American Philosophical Societ}^" 

I go forward to mention an incident that is closely con- 
nected with this. In 1863, in the midst of the war for 
the Union, his great grandson, Alexander Dallas Bache, 
founded the National Academy of Science. It is inter- 



153 

esting to see how these great natures studied for union 
and nationality. I remember in the gh)omiest times of 
the war, Bache's turning to me and excUiiming : "If these 
men succeed, you and I, professor, will have no country." 
Massachusetts patriots in 1780, combiued in the forma- 
tion of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 
This was done in the midst of onr war. It was worthy 
to be done by the descendants of the Pilgrims who came 
to us from Leyden, from that glorious Lej^den that after 
the ravages of war and the desolation of famine, asked 
as their first petition to the Priuce of Orange, that he 
should establish their university ! And so also did our 
own Massachusetts patriots, even in the midst of war, 
found the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. The 
beginning of the act of incorporation is worth}' to be read 
on account of its magnificent generalities. "As the arts 
and sciences are the foundation and support of agricul- 
ture, manufactures and commerce ; as they are necessary 
to the wealth, peace, independence and happiness of a 
people ; as they essentially promote the honor and dig- 
nity of the government which patronizes them ; and as 
they are cultivated and diffused through a State by the 
forming and incorporation of men of genius and learning 
into public societies ; for this beneficial purpose, the Hon. 
Samuel Adams," — at the head of sixty-two names ar- 
ranged in alphabetical order and terminating with James 
Winthrop — "are hereby fw-med into and constituted 
a body politic and corporate, under the name of the 
American Academy of Arts and Sciences." The duty 
especiall}^ assigned them was ; "to cultivate ever}^ art and 
science which may tend to advance the interest, honor, 
dignity, and happiness of a free, independent and virtu- 
ous people." Among the names of the founders of the 
Academy, were many citizens of our State. And we 



154 

may observe of all these, what also we can observe of the 
names of those distinguished men who have their repre- 
sentatives here present, that not one of these names has 
ever suffered dishonor [applause], amid the pestilence of 
dishonor with which the country has been ravaged. [Loud 
applause.] One-fourth of the names of the founders of 
the American Academy were from this very county of 
which this society bears the name, and are a portion 
of that junta of which Essex County may always be 
proud. 

I will here quote an anecdote which I think of some 
interest as bearing upon this question. "About twenty- 
five years ago a wealthy gentleman of New York, pro- 
posed to have three national pictures painted. One of 
these pictures was to include the richest merchants of the 
country, twelve of the richest merchants of the country ; 
the second was to consist of twelve of the most popular 
statesmen, and the third was to consist of the most dis- 
tinguished scientists. Some years after this plan was an- 
nounced, I asked a friend what had become of these 
pictures. "Why," said he with a significant smile, "did 
you never hear the crisis of that tale ? When the pic- 
tures were to be produced man}', most of the merchants 
had been involved in the misfortunes of the times ; most 
of the Statesmen had lost the favor of their constituents ; 
the scientific men only remained [applause and laughter] 
Avith honor and reputation unimpaired, because they had 
not l)oen exposed to the changes of fortune nor of the 
multitude." 

Now, sir, instead of a toast I will give you a sentiment : 
•May the country born of those born of the Pilgrims who 
came from Leyden, be unequalled in the production of 
sound learning, philosophy, science, and poetr3\ [Loud 
applause.] 



155 



INTRODUCING THE HON. GEORGE B. LORING. 

We cannot too much, even in scientific Salem, thank 
our friend, the professor, for the new reason which he 
has given why science should be cnltivated. I am re- 
minded that several allusions have been made to-day to 
the record of Salem among men of public life, and es- 
pecially to its congressional record. I cannot, of course, 
state the numl)er of men who have gone from this place 
to the halls of Congress, nor can I, not " to the manner 
born," reconnt their virtues, nor their history ; but onr 
present representative has been invited to reply to this 
toast, and we all regret that sickness absolutely prevents 
him from addressing us to-day. I give you, however, 
as a sentiment: "The record of Salem in Congress;" 
and I will ask Professor J. W. Churchill, of Andover, 
to read the response which Dr. Loring has prepared. 
[Applause.] 

RESPONSE BY THE HON. GEORGE B. LORING. 

Mr. President: It is a striking and interesting historical 
fact that the first appointed Governor of the Massachusetts 
Bay Colony and the founder of the first settlement from 
which that colony sprang, has not been recognized as such 
in history or in the honors bestowed upon the distinguished 
fathers of the State. My mind is called to the contem- 
plation of this curious fiict by the toast to which I have 
been requested to respond, and which refers to the funda- 
mental part of all American government. In the matter 
of colonial legislation the colony at Nanmkeag seems to 
have been peculiarly deficient. It is true the patentees 
were to be a body politic, called the Governor and Com- 
pany of Massachusetts Bay ; and their legislative body 



156 

was to be composed of a Governor, Deputy and eighteen 
assistants to be elected by the general assembly, which 
embraced all the members of the Company. But until the 
removal of the patent to Massachusetts, the legislative 
rule was exercised by the officers of the corporation sit- 
ting in London, and holding frequent communication with 
the authorities in this country. It was from the General 
Court sittins: in London, that the enactments and instruc- 
tions came. The government here was strictly subordi- 
nate to the Company in England. Its jurisdiction did not 
extend to all criminal offences' even. Gov. Endicott was 
appointed Governor in "1629, according to his best dis- 
cretion with due observance of the English laws or such 
instructions as they furnished him with, till the Patent 
was brought over in 1630." It is easy for us to see that 
such a state of affairs could not long be endured. The 
right of representation was claimed by every Englishman. 
The charter was so transferred as to blend into one the 
Company in England and the Colony in America, and, as 
it w^as said, in order to avoid any collision between Mr. 
Cradock, the Governor of the Company, and Mr. Endicott, 
the Governor of the Colony, a new choice of officers was 
deemed necessary, and the choice fell upon John Win- 
throp. Then it was that legislation in the Colony com- 
menced ; and the controversies which attend legislation 
commenced also. It will be remembered, moreover, of 
John Endicott, that he Avas a stern and uncompromising 
Puritan, and placed himself at once in sympathetic com- 
munication with the Pilgrims at Plymouth. lie was 
opposed to all the ecclesiasticism of the church of Eng- 
land, and expelled John and Samuel Browne from the 
Colony on account of their devotion to Episcopal forms of 
worship. The disturbance which grew out of this act 
became very considerable. The Brownes, on their return 



157 

to England, complained bitterly of their treatment, and 
induced the Court of assistants to urge on Gov. Endicott 
to be careful about introducing any laws which might have 
a teudenc}^ to damage the State. The enterprise, more- 
over, for various reasons, proved to be unprofitable ; and 
that the fisheries and the profitable trade of the colonies 
presented strong inducements to the minds of the Puritan 
emigrants, there can be no doubt. Milder counsels, Colo- 
nial legislation, an increase of capital and mercantile 
capacity, presented temptations which could not be re- 
sisted. While we admire, therefore, the stern qualities 
of John Endicott and recognize the value of his cfiicient 
devotion to principle, and his valor, as armed with "the 
sword of the Lord and of Gideon," he stood firm for his 
convictions, and made all material interests subordinate to 
the cause of Christ, we can easily understand why it was 
that he lost his place in the line of the conditores impe- 
rionim, and yet retained still the lustre of his greatness. 
For this legislative imperfection in the career of the 
colony of Naumkeag, ample amends were rapidly made. 
In 1645 the General Court agreed to hold their sessions 
successively in Boston, Cambridge, and Salem. In 1774 
the colonial legislature convened here, resolved that a 
General Congress was essential, and that it meet next 
September in Philadelphia, and they proceeded to choose 
as delegates Richard Derl^y and Richard Manning, names 
held in high honor in their day. From this time until the 
adoption of the Constitution, Salem was more engaged in 
the strife for freedom than in the legislation Avhich at- 
tended it and immediately followed it. The military 
career of Timothy Pickering, commencing in the success- 
ful resistance to British aggression at tlie North Brids^e 
and ending only at the close of the great war, was the 
contribution which Salem made to the long line of revo- 



158 

lutioiiary heroes — a tribute unsurpassed by any commu- 
nity in our struggling and self-sacrificing country. 

In surveying the course pursued by those, who, as 
citizens of Salem, have represented what was long known 
as the Essex South District in the Congress of the United 
States, one is struck with the devotion of these men to 
the best principles of Government and to the highest 
wants and necessities of the times in which they lived. 
In the business of constructing the Government, and in 
the advocacy of useful reform, they stood among the 
foremost. At the head of the line stands the name of 
Benjamin Goodhue, ^^ whose wisdom as a citizen and in- 
tegrity as a merchant are held in high esteem here to-day. 
His career in Congress commenced in 1789 as Representa- 
tive, and ended as Senator from jNIassachusetts in 1800. 
He was distinguished for his careful scholarship while in 
college, his Avise and successful enterprise while in 
business, and his practical usefulness while in Congress. 

Nathan Read^^ was the next of our citizens to take his 
seat in Cons'ress. His service commenced in 1800 and 
ended in 1803. Of his congressional career we know 
but little. He was devoted to science, was an inventor 
long before patent laws were known in this country, and 
stirred the Avaters of Wenham Lake Avith a boat propelled 
by steam before the steam-driven keel directed by Fulton 
had ploughed the bosom of the Hudson River. He 
closed his life as a Judsfe of Probate in the State of Maine. 

Jacob Croavninshield^^ Avas the immediate successor of 
Mr. Read. He was a prosperous and leading young 
merchant of the town. He represented the Republican 
element of that day, and at the close of his first and only 
Congress he Avas offered a seat as Secretary of the NaA'y 
in the Cabinet of jNlr. Jefferson, a position which he de- 

i^Tlie figures ou this and the five follownig pages refer to notes iii the ai)peiidix. 



159 

cliiietl, preferring the comforts of private life to tlie toils 
and trials of office. He died young; but he left an hon- 
orable reputation as a citizen and merchant, which is 
sustained at home and abroad by one who through his 
maternal ancestor has inherited the name and blood of 
this distinguished son of Salem. 

Joseph Story, ^ the poet and orator and lawyer and 
jurist and legislator, followed Mr. Crowinshield after an 
interval of two years, representing the same political 
sentiments as his mercantile predecessor. His career in 
Congress was marked by great independence of his party, 
and by the zeal and industry with which he discharged his 
duties. Shortly after the close of his congressional career 
he was appointed a justice of the Supreme Judicial Court 
of the United States, by President Jefferson. As a wri- 
ter on law, and on the constitution, he has never been 
equalled ; as a teacher of law he was fascinating and in- 
structive ; as a contributor to the literature of his day he 
performed an important part ; as an orator he stood fore- 
most at a time when the State was distinguished for its 
brilliant and powerful speakers. I cannot forget that he 
was one of a galaxy of orators whom I heard at the sec- 
ond centennial celebration of the founding of Harvard 
College, on which occasion he had as associates in that 
great oratorical display, Edward Everett, John Quincy 
Adan)s, Daniel Webster, Robert C. Winthrop, Peleg 
Sprague, and the brilliant and youthful poet, Oliver Wen- 
dell Holmes — an assembly in which Judge Stor}', with 
his fervid, rich and impassioned eloquence, had but one 
superior, and he the matchless orator of our country in 
his day and generation, and the presiding officer on that 
occasion. 

Benjamin Pickman,^ born of one of the oldest, most 
prosperous and most respectable families in the town, 



160 

succeeded Judge Story in 1809, and retired in 1811. He 
was a strong federalist in politics and was a Avarm and 
ardent friend of Josiah Quincy, who was his colleague in 
Congress. He was strongly opposed to the policy of Mr. 
Jefferson and represented the sentiments of those mer- 
chants of the town who were antagonistic to the enibariro 
law. The friendship thus established between himself and 
Mr. Quincy was never broken. He stood by this re- 
markable man in all his controversies. He was a graduate 
of Harvard College and a liberal patron of letters. He 
was a member of the Convention that revised the State 
Constitution in 1820, and he died in Salem, 1843. 

Timothy Pickering* was the next citizen of Salem who 
followed Col. Pickman. His entire life had been spent in 
the service of his countr}' ; and he had shown himself to 
be a great soldier, a great caliinet minister, and a great 
senator. He possessed undaunted courage, perfect integ- 
rity, and a nice sense of honor. He contributed lai-gely 
to the leofal information which guided the Colonics throusfh 
many difficult questions connected Avitli the war, and took 
an active part in some of the most important engagements 
of the conflict. His mind was eminently practical. He 
was a successful farmer and for many years ai)plied not 
only his sound experience to the tilling of the soil, but his 
keen intellectual faculties to the discussion of all ques- 
tions bearing upon the farmer's interests. He was for a 
long time President of the Essex Agricultural Society, 
placed there by the farmers of Essex, because he enjoyed 
the confidence of all the leading agriculturists of his day. 
He held office on account of the valuable service he had 
performed, and not to gratify his own restless desires. 
He died in Salem, January, 1829. 

Nathaniel Silsbee,'' a distinguished merchant of 
Salem, was chosen a member of Congress in 1816 ; served 



161 

ill the House until 1820, and in the Senate from 182G to 
1835. He belonged to one of the leading families of the 
town who had done much to develop the commerce of 
Salem ; and by his judgment and sound sense he largely 
increased its influence in the business and councils of the 
commonwealth. He was a strong supporter of President 
John Quincy Adams, and he left behind him a high and 
honorable record. He died in Salem, July, 1850. 

GiDEOX Barstow^ was Mr. Silsbee's successor. He 
was born in the old Colony, moved early in life to Salem, 
practised for a time the profession of medicine, and after- 
wards became a successful merchant. He was a hish- 
toned and honorable gentleman, served through one 
Congress, and died in March, 1852. 

Benjamin W. Crowninshield'^ was elected to Congress 
ill 1823, having previously been a most etficient Secretary 
of the Navy in the cabinet of President Madison. He 
was an ardent supporter of the war of 1812 and violently 
opposed to the Federal tendencies of his District. He 
had great confidence in the American Government and 
contributed liberally toward its financial support during 
the trials and hardships of the contest. He represented 
Massachusetts in an impressive style, journeyed to Wash- 
ington with his own equipage and endeavored in every 
way to maintain the social dignity of the Commonwealth. 
He was an earnest leader in the political contests of this 
town, and removed to Boston at the close of his political 
career. He died in February, 1851. 

Rurus Choate" was in many respects the most brilliant 
senator and member of the House, Avhom Massachusetts 
has ever sent into the Halls of Congress. He brought to 
the subject of the law, to which his life was earnestly 
devoted, great shrewdness and adroitness, and profound 
knowledge of its fundamental principles warmed by a rich 



162 

imagination and ijreat skill. He was indeed a ijreat advo- 
cate. Bnt it was manifest to all, that when he left his 
profession and entered npon literary and oratorical pnr- 
suits, his mind received fresh strength and energy from 
the new work in which he was engaged. He had an 
intense love of letters, and his trihntes to books have 
never been surpassed even by the distinguished orators of 
antiquity. He was the warm friend of the huml)lest client 
that appealed to him for advice ; and he left a memory 
around the Bar of Essex County, Avhich his contemporaries 
cherish with admiration and from which his successors in 
a younger generation find much to guide and stimulate 
them in their work. He died in Halifax, July 12, 1859. 

Stephen C. Phillips^ entered Congress in 1834. He 
was a graduate of Harvard College and had long taken an 
active part in the largest mercantile enterprises of his 
native city. He went to Congress filled with the spirit of 
reform, and in all his actions in the House, he was guided 
by the sentiments of humanity and philanthropy for which 
his District was distinguished. He filled many offices of 
public importance in the Connnonwealth, devoting his 
time and money to the cause of education, and was one of 
the founders of the Freesoil party of 1848. He died by 
accident, June 26, 1857. 

Leverett Saltonstall^ was elected in 1839, and re- 
mained in Congress till 1843. He was one of the leaders 
of the Essex Bar for many }ears, and one of the most de- 
voted and energetic supporters of the interests of Salem. 
He maintained during his long life the most intimate rela- 
tions with the cultivated men of the Commonwealth. He 
was an ardent Whig and a great admirer and supporter of 
Mr. Clay ; but notwithstanding his strong political con- 
victions and his warm political attachments, he never lost 
sight of the courtesies and kindnesses of life, tolerated 



163 

with .1 gentlemanly and noble generosity all differences of 
opinion, and never allowed them to disturb his relations 
with his contemporaries throughout the State. He was a 
warm friend, a wise, honest and eloquent lawyer, and a 
most cheerful and benignant member of Society. In 
Congress he devoted himself to questions affecting the 
industries of the country, and it is to him that we owe the 
protective tariff of 1842. He died in Salem, May 8, 1845. 

Charles W. Upham^ Avas elected to Congress in 1853. 
He commenced life as a merchant's clerk ; graduated at 
Harvard in 1821 ; he then adopted the ministry as a pro- 
fession, and was for many years settled over the First 
Church in Salem. He w^as a vigorous and graceful writer 
and the author of some of the best biographical sketches 
in our language. He published a Life of Sir Harry Vane ; 
a History of Witchcraft, and a Life of Timothy Pickering. 
After leaving Congress he was foi" two sessions President 
of the Massachusetts Senate ; and he then retired from 
public life. Pie died in Salem, June 15, 1875. 

These are the representatives whom Salem has sent into 
the councils of the Nation ; and these are the services of 
which she has a right to be proud. Her connection with 
the legislature of the country, notwithstanding the early 
Colonial obstacles, has been influential and important in 
all the various forms of Government which have existed 
here from the ancient times. I trust her future w411 be as 
honorable as her past. 

INTRODUCING THE REV. FIELDER ISRAEL. 

It is emphatically to-day, the time of remembering 
first things, and we shall omit one of the most impor- 
tant factors in the history of Salem and the State did we 
not remember the foundation of the earliest church. I 



164 

give you as our next toast, "the First Church of Salem." 
The two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of that church 
itself is almost at hand, and I call upon the Rev. Fielder 
Israel, its pastor, for a response. 

EESPONSE OF THE REV. FIELDER ISRAEL. 

Mr. President and Mr. Toast-Master : You Avill allow 
me to say, in view of the lateness of the hour and the 
fact to which you have alluded, that the two hundred and 
tiftieth anniversary of this oldest church in America is 
almost at hand, that I shall not now attempt to reply at 
any length to the sentiment you have offered. 

Suffice it to say that if, according to the word of Mat- 
thew Arnold, "there goes to the building up of human 
life and civilization these four powers — the power of con- 
duct, the power of intellect and knowledge, the power of 
beauty, and the power of social life and manners,'' then 
these founders and fathers of the First Church not only 
possessed these moral forces, but used them, according to 
the light they had, wisely and well, and built a church to 
the Living God, on the Pillar and Ground of the Truth. 
They subscribed no creed, but with Francis Higginson, 
their first minister in 1629,^ they subjected themselves 
under a perpetual Covenant of Love to God and His 
Truth and to one another. 

They believed in God and worshipped Ilim alone. 
They gave themselves to the Lord Jesus Christ, as Hugh 
Peters exhorted them in 1636,- and to the word of His 
grace "for the teaching, ruling, and sanctifying of them 
in matters of worship and conversation, resolving to 
cleave to Him alone for life and glory, and oppose all 

» Covenant of 1629. ^ Covenant of 1630. 



165 

contrary ways, canons, and constitutions of men." From 
the beginning witli John Entlicott they made the Sermon 
on the Mount, if not the only, the sufficient rule of faith 
and practice. They believed in humanity and respected 
manhood, and gave themselves to the work of its regen- 
eration and refinement with a zeal that knew no service 
too great, no sacrifice too costly. All life to them was 
sacred. Liberty, Labor, and Learniug were to them ordi- 
nances of religion, of divine appointment, as well as Bap- 
tism and The Supper. 

Through this faith they worked righteousness, wrought 
wonders, and subdued the kingdom. Hard, harsh, stern, 
and severe as they seem to us they were sincere, honest, 
and true, and believed they were doing God's service. 

We would not now choose their methods nor copy their 
manners. 

" The old order changeth, yielding place to new, 
And God fulfils Himself in different ways." 

This church remains until this day free and indepen- 
dent, thoroughly organized, interested and engaged in 
every good word and work. After two hundred and fifty 
years, 

"It stands as it ever lias stood; 

And brightly its Builder displays 
And flames with the glory of God." 

^^Esto perpetua."^ [Loud applause.] 



INTRODUCING JOSEPH H. CHOATE, ESQ. 

I have sometimes thought that a new catechism in his- 
tory should be written, and that if one wanted to know 
where William the Conqueror was born, or where Mary, 

*Motto and seal of the Church first given by the Hon. Judge White. 
HIST. COLL. XV 11 



166 

Queen of Scots, had her nativity, the answer should be 
uniformly and in all cases, "Salem;" for the sons and 
daughters of Salem are so well scattered, it would seem 
to me, especially in places of honor and repute all over 
the country, that I am not surprised at aiij'thing or 
anybody especially good claiming its ancestry here. 
[Laughter.] I give you as our next sentiment: "The 
sons and daughters of Salem in other cities," and I call 
upon a gentleman whom I am sure will enforce more 
emphatically what I have said in my prelude. I call 
upon Mr. Joseph H. Choate to respond. [Applause.] 

RESPONSE OF JOSEPH H. CHOATE, ESQ. 

Mr. President, and Ladies and Gentlemen : The Salem 
people abroad for whom you bid me speak, take, I am 
sure, a lively interest in this two hundred and fiftieth 
anniversary of the landing of Governor Endicott. Not 
iaidccd that the blood of Endicott has ever wandered 
far or in copious streams beyond the borders of New 
England ! The fact is that the Endicotts, the "\Viu- 
throps and the Saltonstalls have flourished too well upon 
the parent stock and have been too much prized at home 
to be driven, except on rare occasions, by inclination or 
by necessity, to seek their fortunes beyond the domains 
of New England, which they helped to plant and to es- 
tal)lish. See how they present themselves before us 
to-day. Fair types of all the past ! Endicott, the su- 
preme judge, well representing the old colonial governor ! 
Winthrop, bringing to the shrine of his honored ancestry 
ix personal fame which is better, far better, than to have 
been the governor of any State, even of Massachusetts ! 
[Applause.] Saltonstall, my respected teacher in the 
law, the most worthy son of a man whom all Salem has 



167 

ever delighted to honor! [Loud applause.] But after 
all a great share of the glory of Endicott and of Win- 
throp was in their following, in that band of devoted fol- 
lowers who came with them and after them and helped 
them to make their great enterprise a success — these cul- 
tured gentlemen, these sturdy yeoman, all of the purest 
English stock, who established and extended the boun- 
daries of this ancient city, Avho organized, under the 
guidance of P]ndicott, its first church, who built its first 
houses, who laid out its first streets, and whose descend- 
ants afterwards, in many generations, started its com- 
merce and pressed it to the furthest confines of the globe, 
so as to make the name of Salem respected and honored 
on the shores of all the continents. It is from these men 
that we trace our proud lineage, and it is this that makes 
the sons of Salem proud of the place of their birth. 
[Ap[)lause.] 

Of course, Mr. President, it requires great forecast for 
a man to select a birthplace of Avhich he shall alwaj's be 
proud ; [laughter] but he must indeed be an unreasonable 
creature, who having America for a continent and Massa- 
chusetts for a State, Essex for a county and Salem for a 
native town, is not entirely satisfied. [Laughter and 
applause.] Of course a man born anywhere can get 
along somehow. [Laughter.] I suppose that the native 
of Topsfield, or of Middleton, or of Beverly, if he re- 
pents promptly, [laughter] and moves into Salem and 
does well there, [laughter] may plead some excuse for his 
original sin, [laughter] and if he be of a lively imaginjv 
tion may even begin to boast of it. Why, Cicero boasted 
of being born at Aspinum, and Rufus €hoate at Hog 
Island ; [laughter and applause] but it was after the one 
had become the great orator of Rome, and the other of 
Boston, and so, by their own fame*, as it were, had ex- 



168 

tended the boundaries of the cities of their adoption to 
embrace the humble, but thanks to them, historic places 
of their birth. [Applause.] 

But Salem, Mr. President, is so old, so queer, [laugh- 
ter] so unique, so different from all other places upon 
which the sun in his western journey looks down, so full 
of grand historical reminiscences, so typical of everything 
that has ever occurred in the annals of American life, 
[laughter] that he who has had the good luck to be born 
here may really claim it as a peculiar distinction. You 
have heard all day, to the going down of the sun, of its 
historic glories, and I will not repeat them to your addi- 
tional fatigue ; but I want to remind you of one thing, 
and that is that the man who is born in Salem must pay 
the penalty of that distinction. And chiefly in being just 
a little older to the cubic inch than any other man born at 
exactly the same moment in any other part of North 
America. [Loud laughter and applause.] How, sir, 
could it possibly be otherwise, with human beings born 
and bred in these old houses which have cradled so many 
of our race for upwards of two centuries, that humanity 
itself has got used to being started here and flnds itself 
an old story at the beginning? [Laughter and applause.] 
I wish to suggest it as an interesting and at the same time 
subtle enquiry for the scientists of the Essex Listitute 
[laughter] to compare the new-born Salem baby with an 
infant born at the same moment in Kansas, or Colorado, 
or Montana. I venture to say that the microscope would 
disclose a physiological difierence. [Laughter.] The 
microscope would ascertain a slight, perhaps a very slight 
mould of antiquity, [laughter] but which all the waters 
of Wenham could never wash olf. [Laughter and ap- 
plause.] IIow can a man born in Derby street [laughter] 
or Norman street — Norman, who came over with Conant, 



169 

who was here long before Endicott arrived, — or Essex 
street — a high-way for the Indians before even Conant 
thought of coming — how can such a man ever feel like a 
new and absolutely young creature? [Laughter.] No, 
]Mr. President, he can not do it. This stale flavor and 
tinge is bred in our bones. It is in the marrow, it is in 
the red corpuscles of the blood, it is in the roots of the 
tongue and of the hair, and you can no more rub it out 
than the farmers of Massachusetts can weed out the witch- 
weed and the woad-wax that Governor Endicott brought 
over as choice garden plants. [Laughter and applause.] 
Friction with the world don't destroy it in the least. 

And so it is that you may know a Salem man wherever 
you meet him, the world over. He carries about him a 
little "Auld lang syne" that shows where he came from. 
Sometimes it is in the cut of his jib, and sometimes of 
his coat ; sometimes it is the way in which he cuts across 
a street corner, always slanting, never at right angles ; 
[laughter] or from his style of shortening things, as the 
way he utters some familiar words. He never takes oft* 
his c-o-a-t but his cote ; [laughter] he never rides upon 
the road, but always on the rode ; and it you should pick 
up a final g, in "ing," you may be pretty sure that some 
of his Salem people are the unAu-tunate people who have 
dropped it ; but if you can hear him say " git," of course 
you will know his very origin and almost the street from 
which he came. [Laughter and applause.] Now in this 
family meeting, as an illustration of this subject, perhaps 
you will pardon me for telling a little personal anecdote. 
A short time aijo I was aro;uing a case in our court of 
appeals at Albany with some earnestness, and there sat 
by me a gentleman bred and born in the South. He lis- 
tened with attention, and when I got through he congrat- 
ulated me, "but," said he : " I would have given a hundred 



170 

dollars if you hadn't said "git." [Laughter.] "Well, 
Mr. President, how could I help it? [laughter] Governor 
Endicott said it, [laughter] all my progenitors in this 
town have said it for two hundred and fifty years, and so, 
Mr. Chairman, I l)elieve it is more than half right. 
[Laughter and applause.] 

Well, perhaps we ought not to allow a stranger to in- 
dulge in these free criticisms of ourselves, but I am not a 
stranger. Though not familiar in these streets for the 
last quarter of a century, I claim to be a Salcmite of the 
Salcmites. [Applause.] My maternal ancestors . were 
here for untold generations. They must have been here. 
It is difficult to identify their names, because you know 
when you go back eight generations you have about 128 
progenitors, in that degree, and some of them must have 
been here with Conant. They nuist have gone down on 
the end of Derby wharf with him to welcome Endicott, 
The orator of the day didn't mention the circumstance 
because he didn't know it. [Laughter.] You must not 
smile at that for an anachronism, because I ciiallcnge any 
antiquarian to go down upon that venerable pile and view 
its foundations and its structure, and give it anything 
short of an antiquity, long before Endicott thought of 
coming here. [Laughter.] Well, they helped to raise, 
these maternal ancestors of mine, helped to raise the 
First Church which it has been the glory of the Essex 
Institute, after 200 years, to resurrect and restore. They 
were in that hooting and howling crowd that followed 
Cassandra Southwick, strapped to a cart's tail and whip[)ed 
through the streets of this ancient city. And then later 
they were in that other procession, with death at the head 
and Cotton Mather at the rear [laughter], that marched 
from St. Peters street to Gallows Hill with the victims of 
the witchcraft delusion. They were at the North bridge 



171 

when Colonel Leslie made his unceremonious retreat, 
and went whence he came. The}' listened to the Declar- 
ation of Independence, tirst read on Salem common ; 
[applause] and on the quarter deck and before the mast, 
for many generations, they contril)uted to create, through 
all the periods of its progress and decline, the commerce 
of Salem. So I claim to be to the manor born and to 
have a right to speak of Salem and of Saiem institutions 
as I think. 

And, knowing this, I suppose, Mr. Chairman, it is that 
you have called on me of all this company to speak for 
the Salem people abroad. Well, I will say only a few 
words. We make up the great mass of the population 
of Salem. [Laughter.] Almost all Salem people go 
abroad and very few of them remain at home. [Laugh- 
ter.] I believe you numljer about 25,000 within these 
ancient walls. We, the Salem people abroad, count our- 
selves by hundreds of thousands. [Laughter.] You 
may find us on all continents, in every country, in almost 
every cit}', on all oceans, and on all isles of the sea. We 
engage in all sorts of occupations, providing only they 
are honest — for you will bear me witness, Mr. Chairman, 
that honesty is a Salem trait. Not to dilate upon their 
virtues and their merits, I would say that they are all 
doing pretty well. I think I may say of them, as you 
have heard said so much to-day of their ancestors, that 
they live lives of honesty, of industry, and of economy, 
and that makes up the great staple of Salem character at 
home and abroad. They remember, sir, with gratitude 
this ancient city, and above all the schools of Salem ; and 
what they got in them they regard as her best legacy to 
her departing children. In those palmy days of Salem, 
Mr. Chaii-man, when I was a child, education was no 
joke. [Laughter.] The business of life began with us 



172 

in earnest as soon as we had learned to speak. There 
was no playing or dallying for the children till they were 
seven or eight years old, as is now too often the case. 
At three years old the great business of education must 
have been fairly started. [Laughter.] Why sir, I per- 
fectly remember at the age of two and three-quarters 
being led by the distinguished judge of the district court 
of the southern district of .New York, — who had then at- 
tained the ripe age of four, [laughter] and who, I may 
say in passing, even then exhibited those marked judicial 
qualities of mind and character [loud laughter] which 
have recently attracted the attention of the President of 
the United States, — being led by him to that ancient semi- 
nary for beginners in Summer street adjoining the bench 
of Benjamin Cutts, which as far surpassed all modern 
kindergartens as these excel common infant schools. 
Well, then, at the age of seven, the boys of Salem of 
this district were transferred to the central school in 
Court street, under the shadow of the old court house, to 
be thrashed for the period of three years under Abner 
Brooks, of blessed memory. [Laughter.] Felt, in his 
remarks on Salem, has made one curious and inexcusable 
blunder, which for the truth of history, I wish to correct. 
He declares that the whipping post that used to stand in 
the rear of the old court house was not used after 1805. I 
know better. I can swear from personal knowledge that 
it was still in active use in 1839, and can show you the 
very spot. [Laughter.] Well, then we were transferred 
to that high school under the gentle, the patient, the ever 
faithful Rufus Putnam, the best model of perfection in a 
teacher, I believe, that even Salem has ever seen. [Ap- 
plause.] And last, not least, came that glorious old 
establishment in Broad street, the public Latin school, 
the scliola 2iuhUca 2>rima, which had stood from the foun- 



173 

dation of the colony, which sent George Downing, who 
proved to be one of its worst boys, to Harvard college to 
join its first class, and which had sent a long procession, 
two hundred years long, of the fairest of Essex chosen 
from the homes of Salem, to graduate at Harvard col- 
lege ; and at last, after our time, was merged in the high 
School. I rejoice to have seen, within a few days, our 
old master, still living and walking these streets ; [ap- 
plause] and I hope he has been here to-day to enjoy the 
prosperity and gratitude of all his old pupils ; and I am 
sure they will join with me in saying that no living citi- 
zen of Salem can show a record of so much done for the 
welfare and good name of this city as he. He was harsh 
sometimes, we thought. He had a monogram. They 
were not much in fashion in those clays, but he had one 
that he applied to the hands and legs and backs of refrac- 
tory pupils. It was "O. K. O. K. O. K.," and anybody 
who Avent to the public Latin school could translate it 
as "an awful cut from Oliver Carlton's awful cowhide." 
[Laughter.] Well, it was not as bad as it seemed. It 
was a most impartial institution, because it mattered 
nothing at all to the master hand that wielded it, w^hether 
it fell on the aristocratic back of an Endicott or a Salton- 
stall, or the more common cuticle of a Choate or a Brown. 
[Laughter.] This we can say with literal truth of it, I 
think, namely, that it was more honored in the breach 
than in the observance. [Applause and laughter.] 

Well, then, the finer arts which Salem added to the 
education which she ofierecl to her children. Who has 
forgotten Jacob Hood, who taught the boys pretty much 
all the music they ever knew? His fame as a composer 
and teacher may be more limited than that of Mendels- 
sohn or Liszt, but they never had such hard subjects to 
deal with, and his success was wonderful because he 
taught some of us to sing who never had made the at^ 



174 

tempt before. And then the lighter and more fantastic 
art to which this temple In which we sit was dedicated. 
I would like to have these tables swept away, and see 
whether we have forgotten all the painful teachings of 
those daj's. [Laughter and applause.] Why, this is the 
very spot ; and when I look up and down these tables 
this afternoon and see so many of the fair forms we left 
behind ns — we the Salem people who have gone away — 
how the thirty years that have intervened disappear and 
slip away ! How young they all appear again, how slen- 
der, how fresh, how fair! Why, Mr. Chairman, let me 
tell it as an historical incident, that on the very spot 
where 30U nov/ sit I have seen the daughters of Governor 
Endicott, in the seventh generation, take steps that Avould 
have won applause from their stern Puritan ancestor him- 
self, if he had been permitted to look upon them. [Ap- 
plause.] 

But the day is passed ; the sun has already set. I 
wanted to say something of some Ln-eat names that have 
shed such lustre upon Salem. [Cries of "go on."] 
There is one that I will not omit, because, in my judg- 
ment, and I believe in that of many of the sons and 
daughters of Salem al)road, it is the dearest and most 
precious jewel in the diadem of imperial Salem. I give 
you the memory of Nathaniel Hawthorne, a native of 
Salem, descended from her earliest settlers ! So imbued 
was he with the genius of her sons, and so deeply has he 
enthroned it in his matchless works, that though its an- 
cient buildinijs will crumble, thouoh the forests should 
grow again between these historic rivers, and the place 
be forgotten where Salem was, her name, her traditions, 
and the spirit of her history, will still be familiar so long 
as men can read in the English tongue "The Twice Told 
Talcs," and "The House of the Seven Gables." [Great 
applause.] 



175 



INTRODUCING BENJAMIN H. SILSBEE, ESQ. 

You will find in Mnrtiiieau's History of England an 
allusion to Salem, in the reports which British travellers 
used to carry home from America concerning the al)un- 
dance of Oriental luxuries and furniture in the homes of 
that city. It was from the East that Salem drew its first 
great wealth. Its mercantile connections with the East 
Indies are still remembered wherever Salem is known, 
thoiioh the vessels that sought those distant seas have 
long since ceased to anchor in our bay. I give you as 
the next sentiment : "The Connnerce of Salem and the 
East India Marine Society," a toast to which Mr. Benja- 
min H. Silsbee will respond. 



RESPONSE OF BENJAMIN H. SILSBEE, ESQ. 

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: It seems par- 
ticularly api)ropriate that the sentiment just announced, 
and to which I have been called to replv, should thus 
unite the "Commerce of Salem" and the "East India Ma- 
rine Society," for in the past the two have been naturally 
associated, and each somewhat mutually dependent on the 
other. Without the enterprise which started the foreign 
commerce of Salem, after the war of the Revolution had 
ended in the independence of the colonies, the class of 
men who were the founders of the "East India jNIarine 
Society" would probjibly have sought other fields of use- 
fulness and employment, and without the aid of such 
men that commerce would not have attained the i)romi- 
nence which it did, and which caused Salem to l)e known 
far and wide as one of the principal pioneers in the India 
trade, and the names of her merchants, her ships and her 



176 

ship-masters to be familiar in almost every part of the 
civilized world. It might have been more appropriate, 
if the sentiment to which I am replying had said the past 
commerce of Salem, for though many of her citizens are 
ship-owners and importers of East India merchandize, to 
a very considerable extent, yet their vessels are never 
seen in her harbor, and her commerce is virtually a thing 
of the past, the memory of which onl}^ survives and 
brings up, on occasions like the present, pleasant recol- 
lections of her former business and enterprise. 

The history of the commerce of Salem is yet to be 
written, and it is to be hoped that under the auspices of 
your young and active societ}'^, Mr. President, an histo- 
rian will be found to put on record, before it is too late, 
the facts connected with its rise and progress. The com- 
mei'ce of Salem, previous to the war of the Revolution, 
was by no means inconsiderable, and during the war her 
citizens were very active in fitting out privateers ; but in 
what I may have to say regarding that commerce, I shall 
confine my remarks to what was after the peace of 1783. 

I cannot, in the time allotted to me, attempt to give 
even a slight sketch of its extent, or the names, Avith very 
few exceptions, of its prominent merchants. Perhaps the 
most prominent, inasmuch as he dispatched the first ves- 
sel from Salem to China, and was earlier engaged in the 
East India trade than any of his cotemporaries, was Elias 
Haskett DERBY,^^a man of large Avealth, great enterprise, 
and one of Salem's most respected citizens. In Novem- 
ber, 1785, he sent the ship "Grand Turk," Ebcnezer 
West, commander, to the Isle ot" France and China. A 
ship from New York for the same destination had sailed 
in Februar3% 1784, owned by several parties in Philadel- 
phia and New York. So that to Salem belongs the honor 
of having sent the second vessel to China from this coun- 

"Tlie flguves on this and the two following pages refer to notes in the appendix. 



177 

try, and the first from a New England port, loaded and 
owned solely by Mr. Derby. His India business rapidly 
increased, so that in 1789, out of fourteen American ves- 
sels in the Chinese waters, five of them hailed from Salem, 
and all were the property of Mr. Derby. Many of the 
ship-masters in the employ of Mr. Derby and others were 
very young men, as were also the officers and crew. A 
striking instance of this is the fact that, about the year 
1792, the ship "Benjamin," Nathaniel Silsbee, master, 
was cleared by Mr. Derby for the Isle of France with not 
a man on board of her, neither her captain, officers, nor 
any of her crew having attained the legal age of twenty- 
one. Mr. Derby died in 1799, at the age of sixty. 

Another of the prominent merchants in the early days 
of the commerce of Salem, whose business was continued 
many years after the death of Mr. Derby, was Mr. WiL- 
LiAM Gray.^^ Mr. Gray was a native of Lynn ; came to 
Salem when a boy, entered the counting-room of a mer- 
chant of that day, and eventually became one of the 
wealthiest of Salem's wealtliy merchants, and, without 
doubt, at one time her largest ship-owner. In 1806 there 
were seventy-three ships, eleven barks, and forty-eight 
brigs employed in foreign commerce belonging to Salem, 
of which one-quarter were the property of Mr. Gray. 
He was devoted to his business, and his habit for tifty 
years was to rise at the dawn of day, and go over his 
large correspondence. Pie was a most patriotic citizen, 
and used his great wealth with a most liberal hand. Mr. 
Gray removed to Boston about the year 1809, where he 
ended his earthly life. Many of the captains in Mr. 
Derby's and Mr. Gray's employ early became ship- 
owners, and these, with many others, active and enter- 
prising merchants, whose names are most familiar to our 
citizens, some of whom carried on a very extensive busi- 
ness, miglit be mentioned, but time will not permit. 



178 

If the fall history of this commerce should ever be 
written, it will be seen how much those men of a former 
generation have contributed to the prosperity of Salem. 
But there is one, whose business life covered a space of 
more than fifty years, and who was probal)ly more exten- 
sively engaged in commerce in this long period, than any 
other of Salem's distinguished merchants, — with the ex- 
ception perhaps of Mr. Gray — one who is distinctly 
remembered by all of us, who have arrived at middle 
age, to whom I cannot but allude. Joseph Peabody^*' 
was prominent as a merchant for so many years, carrying 
on so large a proportion of his business in Salem, that 
any account, however brief, would be imperfect without a 
glance at the extent of his business. Mr. Peabody was 
a ship-master in his early days. Retiring from the sea in 
1791, he engaged in commerce, continuing in it actively 
till towards the close of his long life, being owner at 
different times of eighty-three vessels. His vessels were 
employed in voyages to Calcutta, China, Sumatra, St. 
Petersburg, and other European ports, most of them 
bringing return cargoes, which were sold in Salem. I 
have alluded thus hastily to three of the most prominent 
merchants of our city, and would gladly have extended 
the list. These men with many others were witnesses of 
the dawn of Salem's commerce, and its meridian bright- 
ness, and have long since passed onward and ui)waid. 
But we have with us yet, one well-known and most 
valued citizen, who witnessed the setting of that com- 
merce in which he had so long been engaged, his vessels 
bavins: been the last to enter the harbor of Salem from 
ports beyond the Cape of Good Hope. May Mr. John 
Beutkam-^ long be spared to enjoy the distribution of his 
wealth. 

The East India Marine Society was formed in the sum- 
mer of 1799, and regularly organized in October of that 



179 

year by the choice of a president, treasurer, secretar}^ and 
committee of observation. The conditions of member- 
ship were that the candidate for admission should have 
been master or supercargo of a vessel beyond the Cape 
of Good Hope or Cape Horn. The objects of the society 
were declared to be : first, to relieve the wants of the 
widows and children of deceased indigent members, out 
of the funds of the society ; second, to make such obser- 
vations and experiments as would tend to the improve- 
ment and security of navigation; third, to form a collec- 
tion of natural and artificial curiosities, principally from 
ports beyond the Cape of Good Hope and Cape Horn. 
The society has always been a charitable one, and con- 
tinues to this day to distribute the income of its funds 
among indigent members, or the Avidows and children of 
such as have deceased. The second object of the society 
has not been overlooked, and in its earlier days especially 
received the careful attention of its members. Its some- 
what famous museum, now transferred to the "Peubody 
Academy of Science," will bear Avitness that the third 
object of the Society was faithfully accomplished. Most 
of the ship-masters and merchants who had formerly been 
ship-masters, became members of the Society at an early 
date, and took an active interest in its success. Many of 
these men were among our most prominent citizens, and 
some of them were called upon to fill places of honor and 
responsiI>i]ity in the town, the state and the nation. Of 
these, I can now name but one whose fame has extended 
far beyond the limit of his town or his country, who is 
known among scientific men as the translator of La 
Place's "Mechanique Celeste," and among navigators as 
the author of the "Practical Navigator," which for more 
than seventy years has been the standard work on the 
subject. Nathaniel Bowditch joined our society shortly 



180 

after its formation, and continued an active member until 
he left Salem in 1820, having been its secretary, presi- 
dent, and one of the committee of observation. 

Mr. President, I have said that the commerce of Salem 
was a thing of the past. The same may be said of the 
East India Marine Society. But not soon can it be for- 
gotten among the descendants of its founders, and its 
museum, preserved and taken care of as it will be, will 
long help to keep its memory fresh and green in the 
hearts of the citizens of our good old town of Salem. 



CLOSING SENTIMENT. 

Fifty years ago a very characteristic celebration marked 
the two hundredth anniversary of the day whose com- 
memoration occupies us at this hour. There are four 
gentlemen present here who had a part in the festivities 
of that time — Messrs. R. C. Winthrop, George Peabody, 
Caleb Foote and Nathaniel Silsbee. Of the survivors of 
that time two others may also be remembered, though 
absent — Stephen P. Webb and George Wheatland. As 
our last toast let us take : "The Survivors of the Celebra- 
tion of fifty years ago." 

RESPONSE BY THE ORCHESTRA. 

"Auld Lang Syne." 



181 



The following is the text of the address prepared by 
Rev. E. S. Atwood in response to the sentiment: "The 
Essex Institute — our Host at this Commemorative Festi- 
val." This, intended for the closing toast, was omitted 
on account of the lateness of the hour. 



. ADDRESS OF REV. E. S. ATWOOD. 

When the pride of London, the Cathedral of St. Paul's, 
had been brought to completion, and the hopes and labors 
of years had their outcome in the massive walls and 
stately areas and swimming dome of the great minster, 
the question arose, in what way an appreciative people 
could best express their estimate of the architect, in 
whose genius the magnificent pile had its birth. The 
expedient adopted was as significant as it was simple. 
A ta])let on the inner wall of the Cathedral bears the 
inscription : "Si quoeris monumentum, circumspice." The 
man's work is the man's best testimonial. 

And so, Mr. President, in response to this sentiment, 
I have only to say "Si quoeris monumentum, circumspice." 
This brilliant array of eminent men who have come to- 
gether at the invitation of this Society, this garnered 
wealth of historic research which has been so freely placed 
at our disposal, the tide of eloquence and learning which 
has flowed without pause, since the opening of these 
exercises, these fair faces that forget for a little while 
their youth, in their reverend interest in the past, all are 
better testimonials to the position and worth of the Essex 
Institute, than any poor words of mine could be. It is 
rarely, I think, that any organization succeeds in grouping 
on a single spot so many men of mark, or is able to crowd 

HIST. COLL. XV 12 



182 

between sunrise and sunset so much that is valuable of 
sound learning and so much that is pleasing in witching 
speech as this association has been privileged to summon 
and conmiand to-day. 

And yet, sir, it is to be remembered that this occasion, 
satisfactory as we trust and believe it has been, is only 
one blossom of the work which the Essex Institute is 
patiently and faithfully endeavoring to do, and is doing. 
Formed thirty years ago by the union of the Historical 
and Natural History Societies, it has zealously followed 
the line of research of both of its progenitors, and has 
achieved not only an American, but also a contiuental 
reputation. Some of its expedients for promoting a gen- 
eral interest in the objects for Avhich it exists, have re- 
ceived special commendation at home and abroad. Its 
field meetings held in various parts of the county, and 
sometimes outside of the limits of the state, have been of 
great advantage to many communities, and quickened a 
zeal for scientific and historical studies. The familiar lec- 
tures and valuable papers which it yearly gives to the 
pul)lic, constitute in the aggregate a most generous con- 
tribution to the thought of the times. Speaking of this 
whole class of work, the well kuowu London magazine, 
"Nature," says : — 

"* * * While affording a medium for the publication 
of papers of sterling scientific value, the Essex Institute 
has not been unmindful of the no less imperative duty of 
scientific bodies, that of promoting a taste for science 
among the educated but unscientific public. We in this 
country have perhaps erred in too much ignoring the pro- 
fanum vulgus. It becomes, however, yearly more and 
more manifest that science must become no esoteric relig- 
ion, but that it must grasp, in its all-including embrace 
every section of the communit3^ It is doubtful, indeed, 
which class of scientific men deserves best of the repub- 



183 

lie, those who devote the whole of their time to actual 
work ill the laboratory or the dissecting room ; or those 
who of the riches of their knowledge impart to the 
ignorant crowd in the lecture room or by the popular 
treatise. With the names of the former will doubtless 
be connected the most important discoveries of the age; 
the latter will have the satisfaction of knowing that they 
have done their j^art towards making science really popu- 
lar, towards spreading its blessings among the masses. 
The danger is when the instruction of the public is under- 
taken by those who have not practically made themselves 
masters of the mysteries they presume to communicate to 
others." 

Looked at from any and every point of view, the Insti- 
tute deserves well both of scholars and the community at 
large. 

And so, Mr. President, I think that we shall all admit 
that it is a matter of regret, that this society should be so 
hampered in its work by the limitation of its surround- 
ings. It has no home of its own, being only a tenant at 
will in the building belonging to the Salem Athenfeum. 
It is true it has been reasonably well accommodated in its 
present quarters, but its large and invaluable collection 
of books and manuscripts is poorly protected against fire, 
and it is the constant fear of the managers that that peril 
will be realized when it is too late to avert disaster. As 
things are now, one hour of flame might sweep away what 
has been so patiently gathered by the earnest work of 
more than a half century. What the Institute needs, and 
what some of its friends think it has fairly earned, is a 
building of its own, commodious, fire-proof, and arranged 
with reference to future growth. Our own citizens, the 
inhabitants of Essex county, the wealthy and large hearted 
men who belong to that numerous class which we are fond 
of designating as "the Salem people abroad," all of these, 



184 

it seems to us, ought to be glad to lend a helping hand in 
this enterprise, which is not local but national. Give us 
this which we so greatly need, ladies and gentlemen, and 
we assure you that the past accomplishments of the Essex 
Institute, creditable as they are, shall be only the hint of 
the laro-er and better work which shall be done. In that 
building of which we dream, and which we have set our- 
selves to secure, might be gathered and preserved the 
records and relics of the old families of the Common- 
wealth, the portraits that hand down in pictured distinct- 
ness from generation to generation the memory of good 
and true men and women, the histories of cities and 
towns ; in a word, all that pertains to the old life and the 
new, of the state. Past experience justifies us in believ- 
ing that with a rallying centre so stable, there would be a 
constant influx of books, manuscripts, works of art, things 
new and old, a collection that would please the curious, 
delight the antiquarian, instruct the student, aid the his- 
torian, benefit every class in the community. If these 
words seem enthusiastic, it is to be remembered that it is 
the enthusiasm of truth. Men can hardly give themselves 
and their means to a nobler work, than the sending down 
to posterity, undimmed, the handwriting of God in his- 
tory. 



SELECTIONS FROM CORRESPONDENCE. 



Milwaukee, Wis., July 23, 1878. 
Mr. Geo. M. Whipple, Secretary Essex Institute, 

Dear Sir : I should be most happy to be able to say, in 
reply to the friGiidly invitation of your Committee, that I 
would be present with yon on the 18th of September next, 
and take part in the services of the occasion. 

Salem is a dear old town to me — the place of my 
nativity — the home of as happy a childhood as boy ever 
knew. There is no spot on the earth associated in my 
mind with so many sacred and tender memories. In im- 
agination I often go back to the old town — people its 
streets with the scenes and liviug throngs of more than 
half a century ago— revisit the haunts and playgrounds 
of my boyhood, and converse, or seem to converse, with 
friends of other days, till the present vanishes into 
shadow, and the past rises before me with all the vivid- 
ness of a living reality. 

The tree has been transplanted ; but its roots and fibres 
still remain in the soil that gave it birth. 

I wish I could be with you, and give utterance to 
thoughts and emotions that are ever welling up in my 
mind and heart as often as Salem is brought to my re- 
membrance. But I cannot. I am now eleven hundred 
miles away — an old man in my seventy-fourth year — • 
with voice so impaired and broken that I am not able to 
address even a very small assembly. 

(185) 



186 

But everything that relates to Salem is of interest to 
me ; and therefore though absent in body on the day of 
commemoration, I shall be with you in spirit. 

It was when thinking of dear old Salem that I penned, 
some time ago, a little ballad, containing among others 
the following lines : — 

O give me back my boyhood's dreams, 
When life was young, and hills and streams, 
And fields and flowers, shall be as then. 
And birds will sing old songs again ! 

O give me back the friends I knew, 

The playmates of my earlier years, 
When honrs on golden pinions flew. 

And tears were only April tears! 

The brook by whose sweet banks I strayed 

With hook and line, in careless joy. 
Will babble over former tales. 

And I shall be once more a boy ! 

Hoping your day of commemoration will be all you 
anticipate, very truly yours, 

Joseph H. Towne. 



Edgehill, near Charlotte C. H., Virginia, 
September 9, 1878. 
To Henry Wheatland, Esq., 

Dear Sir: I am much obliged to you for the kind invi- 
tation of the Essex Institute to attend the celebration of 
the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the landing 
of Governor Endicott at Salem, and deeply regret that I 
cannot be with you on so interesting an occasion. I take 
a special delight in those anniversaries which commemo- 



187 

rate the founding of States, and I would rejoice to behold 
the gathering of the genius and worth and patriotism, 
and, let me add, the beauty, of Massachusetts around a 
common altar. 

What an influence the year eicjlity-eiglit seems to have 
exerted on the destinies of the Anglo-Saxon race ! The 
year 1588, in which John Endicott was born, perhaps the 
hour of his birth, saw Queen Elizabeth on horse-back, 
with pistols in her holsters, exhorting her army to stand 
up for the liberties of England then menaced by the In- 
vincible Spanish Armada, which was hovering about the 
British coast. And had Endicott lived to the age of your 
townsman, the venerable Holyoke, he would have hailed 
the British Revolution of 1688, to which England owes 
that prestige which has made her the greatest nation the 
sun ever shone upon. And then recurring to our own 
land, we have another commingling of the eights in an 
American centennial epoch, that of 1788, when the pres- 
ent federal constitution was ratified by a people whose 
territory was bounded by the river St. Mary's in Georgia, 
with a portion resting on the eastern bank of the Missis- 
sippi, on the waters of which our fathers could not launch 
a skiff and bear their annual product to the sea without 
vailing their flag to a foreign fortress, and begging a li- 
cense from some haughty minion of the king of Spain, 
but which now extends from Alaska to the gulf of Mex- 
ico, and from sea to sea ; a constitution, by the way, 
under the influence of which from the small beginnings 
of John Endicott, which you are about to commemorate, 
has arisen one of the grandest commonwealths of the new 
world or the old. 

It would indeed be a pleasing ofiice to hear the lessons 
of American experience of two centuries and a half ex- 
pounded from the platform by your eloquent men, and to 



188 

listen to the voice of the living lyre swept by the handa 
of your distinguished minstrels ; but my infirmities make 
such a privilege impossible to me ; and I can only assure 
you of the cordial sympathy I cherish for the brilliant 
success of your celebration, and of my earnest wishes 
that it may tend not only to impress and instruct our 
hearts and our minds with the recollections of the past, 
but inspire us all with fresh hopes of the future of our 
common country. 

With great respect and esteem for the gentlemen of 
your Committee, and for the members of the Essex Insti- 
tute, I am truly yours, 

Hugh Blair Grigsby. 



Boston, Sept. 12, 1878. 
To Messrs. Henry Wheatland and Others, 

Gentlemen: Let me acknowledge the receipt of a kind 
invitation to be present with you at the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of the landing of Gov. Endicott at 
Nahumkeig, and at the same time express my regret that 
a prior engagement to be in Milwaukie that day, renders 
it impossible for me to be with you on that occasion. I 
trust, however, that your day will be brilliant and the 
services gratifying to all interested in the early history of 
New England. 

Little has been preserved of the history of the period 
during which Gov. Endicott exercised his authority over 
the territories included in the Bay Charter. I have often 
despaired Avhen endeavoring to penetrate that mysterious 
period further than the obscure references to the negotia- 
tions with "the old planters," and political economical 
views about "raising tobacco," I hope the ardor with 



189 

which your Institute has pursued historical investigation 
may be crowned with the discovery of additional facts. 

In the career of John Endicott his governorship was 
not the most important feature. A self-reliant and fiery 
spirit kept him in the heat and turmoil of political contest, 
wherever it arose in the Colony, and the uprightness of 
his character and a certain marked ability of mind pre- 
served for him respect and influence even in those rare 
instances where his judgment was distrusted. He repre- 
sented one of the best moulds of Puritan character. 

Without doubt, as he first took possession of the Bay 
Colony territory for the incorporated grantees, first 
brought their Charter authority there, and first exercised 
their right of local government over it, he was its first 
governor under a Charter which, for half a century con- 
trolled its fortunes. Neither the existence of earlier 
settlements in the territory, nor the history of the old 
planters can be found to militate against this honorable 
distinction of him you celebrate. 

I am your obedient servant, 

Chas. Levi Woodbury. 



Mechlenburg Place, Knoxville, Tenn., 
Sept. 14, 1878. 
Dr. Henry Wheatland and Others of the Com- 
mittee OF Essex Institute, 
Gentlemen: Your polite invitation to become your 
guest at the approaching commemoration of the landing 
of Governor Endicott at Salem has been received. 

Allow me on my own behalf and in the name of the 
Historical Society of Tennessee to make my very cordial 
acknowledgments, for the compliment and good feeling 
implied by the invitation and to assure your committee 



190 

that we reciprocate their courtesy as thus manifested most 
sincerely, and while circumstances beyond my control 
make it impossible for me to attend in person, I seize the 
occasion to join with you in the sincere wish that your 
commemorative observances of the 18th of September, 
1628, and the traditional and historical memories and 
associations inspired by the fame and character of Endi- 
cott and Salem, may be all that patriotism and reverence 
for the past can desire. 

Please assure your colleagues of the committee of the 
regard and high consideration with which I am. 
Your obedient servant, 

J. G. M. Ramsey, 

President Hist. Soc, of Tennessee, 



West Ossipee, N. H., 14th 9th mo., 1878. 
Geo. M. Whipple, Esq., 

Dear Friend: I am sorry that I cannot respond, in 
person, to the invitation of the Essex Institute to its 
commemorative festival on the 18th inst. I especially 
regret it, because, though a member of the Society of 
Friends, and, as such, regarding with abhorrence the 
severe persecution of the sect under the administration 
of Gov. Endicott, I am not unmindful of the otherwise 
noble qualities and worthy record of the great Puritan, 
whose misfortune it was to live in an age which regarded 
reliirious toleration as a crime. He was the victim of the 
merciless logic of his creed. He honestly thought that 
every convert to Quakerism became by virtue of that 
conversion a child of perdition ; and, as the head of the 
Commonwealth, responsible for the spiritual as well as 
temporal welfare of its inhabitants, he felt it his duty to 



191 

whip, banish, and hang heretics to save his people from 
perilous heresy. 

The extravagance of some of the early Quakers has 
been grossly exaggerated. Their conduct will compare 
in this respect favorably with that of the first Anabaptists 
and Independents ; but, it must be admitted that many of 
them manifested a good deal of that wild enthusiasm 
which has always been the result of persecution and the 
denial of the rights of conscience and worship. Their 
pertinacious defiance of laws enacted agaiitst them, and 
their fierce denunciations of priests and magistrates, must 
have been particuhirly aggravating to a man as proud 
and high tempered as John Endicott. He had that 
free-tongned neighbor of his, Edward Wharton, smartly 
whipped at the cart-tail about once a month, but it may 
be questioned whether the Governor's ears did not suffer 
as much under Wharton's biting sarcasm and "free speech" 
as the latter's back did from the magisterial whip. 

Time has proved that the Quakers had the best of the 
controversy ; and their descendants can well aftbrd to for- 
get and forgive an error which the Puritan Governor 
shared with the generation in which he lived. 

I am very truly thy friend, 

John G. Whittier. 



St. Louis, Sept. 15, 1878. 
G. M. Whipple, Esq., 

Dear Sir: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt 
of an invitation from the Essex Institute to assist, the 
18th instant, at the commemoration of the landing of 
Gov. Endicott at Salem, the 18th of September, 1628. 
I regret very much that I shall not be able to join in the 
celebration which will signalize the 250th anniversary of 



192 

that event. I like commemoration fetes, for they have a 
wholesome effect on the public mind, which is all too apt 
to be engrossed by the present. When Burke said that 
those who do not look backward to their ancestors will 
not look forward to their posterity, he more than implied 
that he who looks backward will also look forward, and 
thus looking before and after will prove himself worthy 
of both the past and the future. 

There is another reason which in my humble opinion 
calls for the commemoration of the early events of our 
history. We live in a time when science is making won- 
derful revelations, and (in the judgment of certain scien- 
tists) shaking the foundations of supernatural religion. 
I do not propose to raise a theological question, much less 
to say a word in favor of New England Puritanism, but 
I do mean to say that belief in the supernatural was the 
most potent element in the history of the colonies, as it 
has been the most potent element and factor in the his- 
tory of the human race. If it could be eliminated from 
the past, we should have inherited very little worth caring 
for in art, literature or political institutions. 

I have the honor to be very faithfully yours, 
Peter L. Foy, 

Presidejii Mo. Hist. Society. 



Newport, Rhode Island, September 16, 1878. 
Dr. Henry Wheatland and the Gentlemen of the 
Committee, 
Dear /Sirs: I regret that some professional engagements 
have intervened, to prevent me from accepting your polite 
invitation, and from participating in your joyous festival, 
on the anniversary of the settlement of Salem. 



193 

At the former celebration on the 18th of September, 
1828, the orator of the occasion, Jnclge Story, spoke in 
high commendation of Rhode Ishmd, as preceding the 
other coh)nies in the establishment of Religious Liberty. 
At that time it was the custom of historians to eulogize 
Roger Williams as the sole early Apostle of Religious 
Liberty in Rhode Island. 

Had I been able to have been present at your celebra- 
tion, I should have felt it my duly to put forth as early 
advocates of Religious Liberty, the just and equal claim 
of AVilliam Coddington and his company, who, in 1638, 
founded a settlement on the Island of Rhode Island, where 
the Doctrine of Religious Libert}^ having been practised 
from 1638, was in 1644, incorporated into a distinct Act 
of State Leofislation. This was the first Act of entire 
Religious Liberty ever incorporated in the Legislation of 
a civilized state. The above Act precedecl by three years 
the union of Rhode Island with Providence Plantations, in 
1647. William Coddington and his company are, there- 
fore, entitled to the high praise of being 'the first Legis- 
lators, "since Christianity ascended the throne of the 
Ciesars," to enact in their Code of Laws, the declaration 
of entire Religious Liberty. Rhode Island is contented 
with this praise. She aspires not to the additional com- 
mendation of Judge Story for the eloquent preamble to 
the Act in the Digest of 1798, an argument in support of 
Religious Liberty, he says, rarely surpassed in power of 
thought, and felicity of expression. That argument, 
rightfully, belongs to Virginia, and to American States- 
men of a later day. 

I beg leave to otfer the following sentiment : — 

"All Honour to the Early Worthies of your City ; the 
illustrious Endicott and the glorious Founders of Salem." 

Believe me, dear sirs, yours sincerely, 

David King, M. D. 



194 



Detroit, Mich., Sept. 5th, 1878. 
Dr. Henry Wheatland, Chairman, 

Dear Sir: Please accept my thanks for your invitation 
to be present on the 18th inst. to participate in the Essex 
Institute's proposed celebration of the two hundred and 
fiftieth anniversary of the landing of» Gov. Endicott. It 
would afford me much pleasure to be with yon on that 
interesting occasion. Undoubtedly there will be many 
there who, like myself, left their native city many years 
ago to seek a home in the West, so that in connection 
with the celebration there will be a reunion of friends 
who may not have met for many years, each to tell the 
story of his or her life, some to tell of their riches and 
some of their poverty, some of their joys and some of 
their sorrows. I would like to be there to join with you 
in realizing the pleasures of the day and hearing the old, 
old stories of Salem and its inhabitants, bnt other engage- 
ments will prevent. Hoping that many of the sons and 
danghters of Salem who have wandered to other parts of 
the earth will be there to help make the grand gathering, 
one of joy to many a household, and one to be placed on 
record in the archives of the Essex Institnte and treasured 
up in the memory of all who may have the pleasnre of 
witnessing it, I remain. 

Yours truly, 

J. C. Holmes. 



POEM 

BY 

REV. CHARLES T. BROOKS. 



i 



^^Antiquam exquirite mab'ein."^ ^neid, iii, 96. 



"Look up the Old Mother !" — long ago 'twas sung 

By Roman Virgil, in his tuneful tongue ; 

^^ Exquirite antiquam matrem!" — thus 

The blessed "Ordo"^ read the words to us ; — 

The selfsame cry is in the air to-day ; 

We hear the summons, and our hearts obey. 

"Come back to the old Mother!" we, too, sing. 

Tied to the ancient matron's apron-string ; 

The elastic cord, which, wander where we will, 

Draws the last lingering truant homeward still, 

Sooner or later, to the Mother's breast, 

In her eml)race, a grateful child, to rest. 

To-day — where'er the world's wide ways they roam^ — 
Old Mother Salem calls her children home. 
On all the winds of heaven her voice goes forth — 
From East and West they come — from South and North. 
The messao-e rinsrs "from China to Peru" — 



1 The Motto is part of the oracle of Phoebus to the " tluri Dardanidse " (the hardy 
Trojans), directing them, when they should reach the Latian shore, to search out 
the old original homestead of their ancestors. 

= The Ordo refers to tlie old Delpliin Edition, in which the words of the author 
were arranged in the English order for the lielp of beginners. It was this railway 
by which some of us were launched "E conspectu SiculEe telluris in altuni" at a 
voluntary evening school kept by our worthy Mayor, in a room of the Ives' Block 
in 1827. 

HIST. COLL XV 13 (197) 



198 

Pacific isles have caught the tidings, too ; 

And all — at least on Memory's well-worn track — 

"With loj'al, loving reverence hasten back. 

Each seeks some favorite haunt, where once the face 

Of heaven and earth wore its most winning grace. 

One finds his way to sweet South Fields again, 

And steers for Derby's Farm — alas ! in vain ; 

Then climbs the lane, half fearing, hoping still 

They may have left a piece of Castle Hill.^ 

There rubs his ej'cs and seaward looks with dread — 

Heaven grant they may have spared old Naugus' Head ! 

Another to the Common takes his way. 

Play-ground and training-field of childhood's day ; 

To see if, still, the quivering poplar-trees* 

Flash in the sun and murmur in the breeze. 

As when the glittering ranks, on muster-day, 

Down the green vista stretched their long arraj' ; 

And if, in that neglected, weed grown spot 

The ancient Gun-house keeps its place or not. 

When an old son of Salem, after years 
Of exile, in his native streets appears. 
Behold, in his perplexed and eager glance. 
What crowds of questions 3'earn for utterance ! 
Pray, can you tell me, friend, if hereabout 
There lives a person by the name of Strout?^ 

' A large slice of this bold and beautiful eminence has been cut away this long 
time. 

<The mall was lined with Lombardj^ poplars in my boyhood. They were cut 
down to make way for Elms in 182:!. 

' Josliua Strout, a grocer, kept in the northwest corner of tlie Franklin Build- 
ing. If I rightly remember, he was stout as well as Strout. 



199 

What has become of that queer, winking man, 

Named Jaquish,^ who could saw a load of tan? 

Whose daughter Judith — apple of his eye ! — 

(A heroine whom Fame should not let die) 

Of the church militant a soldier true ; 

Binder of shoes ; artist in fresco, too ; 

Fresh from her conflicts with the hosts of sin, 

Would sit, well-pleased, and scrape the violin : 

The mother bending o'er the buzzing wheel. 

To drown the rapturous joy she needs must feel. 

Or stooping o'er the hearth to brush aside 

The honest tear-drop of maternal pride. 

And this rare group has gone? Ah, well-a-day ! 

Thus on Time's wave the jewels melt away ! 

Does the old green Gibraltar-cart^ still stop, 

Up in Old Paved Street, at Aunt Hannah's® shop ! 

Beside Cold Spring drop the sweet acorns still ? 

Do boys dig flagroot now beneath Legge's Hill ? 

When 'Lection-day brings round its rapturous joys 



^ Jaquish was the popular pronunciation; but Jacques was, I believe, the real 
name. The family room— dining, cooking an<l work-room, all in one— presented a 
group which Teniers might have envied. The sliarp-faced Judith, her shoe-binding 
.aid aside, one leg witli the deep blue stocking crossed over the other, while, with an 
innocent sell-satisfaction, she swept the violin for the entertainment of her visitors ; 
the father sitting, witli an ej'e winking and watery, partly from paternal partiality 
and partly from an inflrmity well understood by his townsmen, — the mother busy 
at the spinning wheel and only occasionally looking up with a sly look of triumph 
— all this made a picture well worth a more elaborate execution than the text has 
given it. (The fresco painting refers to the Palms and Camels that figured on the 
walls of the room.) 

' Refers to old Ma'am Spencer and her son Thomas, the Quaker Astronomer, 
Natural Historian and Scientist generally, who made that favorite hard candy 
called gibraltars, over in North Salem. See Hist. Coll. Essex Institute, vol. xiv, 
page 271, for a notice of Mr. Spencer. 

8 Aunt Hannah is Hannah Harris, who kept a Circulating Library and variety 
shop. 



200 

Does Doctor Lang^ sell liquorice to the boys? 
Is there a house still standing M'here they make 
The regular, old-fashioned 'Lection-cake ? 
Does "A True Grocer"^" his own merits praise? 
Does Mister Joseph^^ bake cold loaves some daj's ? 
Does Micklefield's^^ Indian, as he used to do. 
Hold the narcotic weed to public view? 
Echo the streets no more with Mullet's ^^ bell? 
Has Bedney^^ no more Almanacs to sell? 
Those Kings ^^ of East and West, in days of yore — 
Monarch and Mimiford — do they walk no more? 
Does 'Squire Savage still look sternly down 
On ill-bred urchins with his awi'ul frown ? 
Deputy Dutch and dog — do they still chase 
The recreant debtor to his hiding place? 
Does Louvriere still skip, with book in hand. 
By a short cut through Doctor Oliver's land ? 
Blind Dolliver^^ — an eye in every finger — 
Still at the organ does he love to linger ? 



•Dr. Lang, apotheoavy, kept at the corner of Liberty and Essex Streets. The 
Vine street boys used to invest one cent out of their four-pence ha'penny Election 
money in ball-liquorice at his sliop. 

'" There were two Trues, Abraham the grocer and Joseph True, carver. The 
former kept in Washington Street, the latter in Mill Street. 

11 Jolm Joseph, a Portuguese, had a Bakery in Brown Street. A woman asking 
for a cold loaf one day, he replied, "we did not bake any cold loaves to-day, 
ma'am." 

12 Micklefleld, Tobacconist, kept on Front Street, near the corner of Central. 

13 Mullet was the blind Town Crier. 

I'' Robert Be<lncy was sexton of the "Tabernacle." 

15 "• East and West" mean East End and West End. Jo Monarch was a stately 
Portuguese who lived in a small house far down Essex Street, below the East 
Church, and Mumford was King oi the Colony in the "Huts" on the Turnpike 
Bear Buffuni's corner. 

1" DoUiver was organist at the First Church. 



201 

Or at the party, coming late, perchance, 

Tune the piano while he calls the dance ? 

Does Doctor Prince continue still to preach? 

Does Philip ^^ blow? Does Master Hacker teach? 

Do children sometimes see with terror, still, 

The midnight blaze of Avood-wax on Witch Hill? 

Or hail, far twinkling through the shades of night, 

The cheerino; beam of Baker's Island liijht? 

Our pilgrim stands in Central street, and there 

Wonders if still, in summer hours,. the air 

Murmurs abroad, as evening shades come in, 

The tones of Ostinelli's violin ; 

Or shakes with footsteps, in the dancing-hall. 

That beat responsive to Papanti's call. 

When "training-day" is drawing to a close, 

And tired "Militia" long for sweet repose ; 

Only the showy "uniforms" would fain 

"Improve the shining hours" that yet remain, 

A few unique manoeuvres to display, 

A grand finale to the festive day, — 

Do "lobster-backs" and gray-coats sometimes meet,^* 

And come to a dead-lock, in Central street? 

(Alas ! that this proud gala-day, so bright. 

Should close its eye upon a true "sham-fight !") 

But still fresh questions crowd upon his mind, 
And still sad answers he is doomed to find. 



" Philip Fiye blew the organ (played it, as he flattered himself), at the North 
Church. 

18 Refers to the rush and rivalry of the red coat Cadets and tlie Ii.ftintry for the 
possession of that convenient street to display their respective tactical skill. 



202 

Where is the old North Church that heard the tread 

Of Sabbath-breaking troops from Marblehead? 

Where is the venerable "East" that shook 

To Bentley's note of thanks or bold rebuke ? 

Where is the Old Sun Tavern ?^^ Where the sign 

That showed the "Coffee House" in days lang syne ? 

The Junijper — sweet name ! what charm it wore 

To childhood's fancy in the days of yore ! 

The Willows — well may it be called to-day — 

There Memory w.eeps — the charm has passed away ! 

Where is the Gate,"*' beneath whose graceful arch 

We saw so many a gay battalion march, 

Welcomed by Washington's majestic face ? 

Where is Plank Alley ?2i Where is Holyoke Place? 

Neptune and Vine and Court streets-'^ — where are they? 

With their old dwellers they have moved away — 

Gone up to that calm city in the air; 

The feet of Memory still frequent them there. 

"In Salem is his Tabernacle" — so 

Our pious fathers cried with souls aglow ; 

And here their Tabernacle builded they ; 

Men live who once beheld it ; but to-day 

A wooden finger ^^ stretches high in air 

And cries : Behold your tabernacle there! 



" It was opposite Liberty Street or (more exactly) Dr. Oliver's house. 
5" The old Common gates. 
21 " Plank Alley " is Elm Street. 

22"Keptnue connected Vine with Derby — "Vine" is no\Y part of Charter, and 
Court" continues Washington. 
^^ Referring to the entire transformation of the old Tabernacle with its belfry. 



203 

Yet while the pilgrim, roaming up and down 

The streets and alleys of his native town, 

So many a well-known object seeks in vain. 

The sky, the sea, the rock-ribbed hills remain. 

In the low murmur of the quivering breeze 

That stirs the leaves of old ancestral trees, 

The same maternal voice he still can hear 

That breathed of old in childhood's dreaming ear ; 

The same maternal smile is in the sky 

Whose tender greeting blessed his infant eye. 

Though much has changed and much has vanished quite, 

The old town-pastures have not passed from sight. 

"Delectable Mountains" of his childhood — there 

They stretch away into the summer air. 

Still the bare rocks in golden lustre shine, 

Still bloom the barberry and the columbine. 

As when, of old, on many a "Lecture day,"'-^* 

Through bush and swamp he took his winding way, 

Toiled the long afternoon, then homeward steered, 

With weary feet and visage berry-smeared. 

Thus to some favorite haunt will each to-day, 
At least in fond remembrance, find his way. 
My thoughts, by some mysterious instinct, take 
Their flight to that charmed spot we called the Neck ; 
Aye, round the Mother's JSFeck I fondly cling ; 
Around her neck, like beads, my rhymes I string. 



''^On Wednesday and Saturday there was no school in the afternoon, these 
having originally been the limes of the Week-day Lectures. 



204 

She will not scorn my offering, though it be 
Like beads of %ing foam, flung by the sea 
Across the rocks, to gleam a moment there, 
Then break and vanish in the summer air. 

Then hail once moi-e, the Neck — the dear old Neck ! 

What throngs of bright and peaceful memories wake 

At that compendious name ! What rapturous joy 

Kindles the heart of an old Salem boy. 

As he returns, though but in thought, to take 

That old familiar walk "down to the Neck !" 

The old Neck Gate swings open to his view. 

At morn and eve, to let the cows pass through. 

Foye's ropewalk stands there still — he enters in : 

Adown that dusky lane shall Memory spin 

Full many a yarn, the while with silent tread 

A ghostly workman draws his lengthening thread. 

Through window-holes that light that black earth-floor 

How many a sprite peeps in from days of yore ! 

What wild halloos renew their mockinsf chase 

Far down the dark, reverberating space ! 

No magic wand the Enchantress needs to wave — 

Awe-struck we stand before old Gifford's Cave ;-^ 

While, towering o'er us — a strange contrast — lo ! 

Fresh as they looked when, sixty years ago. 

They caught our glance from far, on sea and land, 

The red brick walls of the poors' palace stand. 



^^ A house in tliebank backof tlie "Workhouse," consisting of several sucessive 
rooms scooiied out by Gifford, tlie liermit. 



205 

With boyish feet I climb yon naked hill, 

And Bentley's Rock — a ruin, greets me still. 

Rises once more the Genius of the place — 

The same elastic step and eager face. 

The old man lifts the spy-glass to his eye : 

"There go the ships !" again I hear him cry ; 

As, on his other watch-tower, once he stood. 

And fired his farewell shot in playful mood, 

And to the parting fleet his God-speed said — 

The self-invited guests of Marblehead.-'' 

In my mind's eye, on that memorial ground 

A relict of the war of '12 limps round, 

As I beheld him oft in ciiildhood's day. 

Of the Neck Gate an old habitue. 

Whereby there hangs a tale : One cloudy night, 

The sentinel upon the Neck caught sight 

Of a strange figure creeping round the hill ; 

He cried out : "Who goes there?" — but all was still. 

He challenged thrice — then fired — a canine yell 

Revealed his sad mistake too late and well. 

With bleeding foot the victim limped away, 

A cripple and a hero from that day. 

26 One Smulny in the war of 1812 news came to Salem in cluircli time that a 
British fleet had chased the Constitution into Marbloliead harbor. Dr. Bentley 
dismissed his congregation and hastened over on horseback. In the afternoon he 
laid aside liis prepared sermon and extemporized one from Psalm civ, 26: '• There 
go the sliips." 

Another, more particular version runs as follows : During the morning service, 
some one came into meeting and wlilspered to a member of the Congregation. Dr. 
Bentley observing it, called out, "what is he telling you?" Tlie man repeated, 
" The British Fleet are chasing the Constitution into Marblehcad. The Doctor at 
once dismissed the congregation, saying, " Let us hasten to help our brethren; we 
must fight to day, we can pray any day. 

Still a third version makes the Doctor to have said in dismissing the congrega- 
tion : " Serving man is the most acceptable way of serving God." 



206 

But other, fairer, memories consecrate 

Tlie immortal purlieus of the old Neck Gate. 

Oft, on a summer Sunday's peaceful close, 

(The sweet relief no child at this day knows ! ) 

In the long, lingering glow of evening's ray, 

(Holy day melting into Jioliday) 

All down through Wapping (Derby street, I mean), 

Where trig and jaunty tars might then be seen. 

Leaning on old spiked cannon, taken at sea, 

Trophies of many a naval victory, 

And made to serve henceforth a double intent, 

Street-corner-post and sailor's monument; — 

Thus, in the Sabbath evening's quiet ray, 

Down this old storied street we took our way 

To where, beside the fresh, cool, spray-wet shore, 

Old Colonel Hathorne's hospitable door 

Invited us to rest ; serenely there 

The patriarch greeted us with musing air ; 

But no long reverence childhood waits to pay — 

Soon to the garden-gate we found our way. 

How red — how sweet — the rose, the currant there ! 

What heavenly fragrance filled the evening air ! 

What but a bit of Eden could it be — 

That little garden close upon the sea? 

Within, red rose and redder currant glow — 

Without, the white-lipped ocean whispers low. 

Sweet memories ! yet not chiefly for their sake 
My thoughts to-day have wandered to the Neck. 
Bentley and Hathorne — names that shed renown 



207 

Upon the history of our ancient town — 

Are but as criers to-day, that point us back 

With olowins; faces, up the shininsf traclv 

To where, assembled now on Memory's hill, 

A group of forms more venerable still, 

With upturned faces, wear immortal light, 

Caught and reflected from the heavenly height. 

On that memorial mount, in air serene, 

Walking in glory, Avith majestic mipn, 

A shining cloud of witnesses appear 

And send us greetings from their lofty sphere. 

Reverent and brave, inflexible', sedate, 

Founders and fathers of the Church and State, 

Captains and counsellors, a saintly band, 

They beckon onward to the Promised Land. 

Conant, the wise and generous pioneer ; 

Endicott, high-souled, daring, and austere ; 

Higginson, Williams, Peters, — well might we 

Cry, as in vision we behold the three : 

Fair souls ! to Goodness, Faith and Freedom dear, 

Shall we not build three tabernacles here ? 

On the Lord's mountain, at the fount of Truth 

They dwell with Him, in life's unwithering youth: 

That sweet and saintly one, who crossed the wave 

To find, in one short year, an exile's grave ; 

ffe — twice a pilgrim, who in winter snows 

And savage huts alone could find repose, 

(Nay — where, on earth, could such as he e'er find 

Repose for his aspiring, restless mind?) 

To whom the dark-skinned ravens of the wood 



208 

In his distress brouoflit sinkiiio: nature food ; 
Who, by the hand of Providence led hence, 
Still at his journey's end found Providence ; 
And that brave preacher and strong worker — he 
Who left his darling such sweet "Legacy ;" 
W^ho, living, brought her lessons from the sky, 
That taught the way to live for joys on high. 
And with his dying smile and dying breath 
The precious lesson : How to conquer death. 

"I wish you neither poverty 

Nor riches ; 
But godliness, so gainful 

With content. 
No painted pomp, nor glory that 

Bewitches ; 
A blameless life is the best 

Monument ; 
And such a soul that soars a- 

bove the sky, 
Well pleased to live, but better 

Pleased to die."^^ 

O could those saints — those seers and singers twain'^^ 
Breathe their free spirit through my stammering strain, 
Then should these lips indite a fitting lay. 
Congenial to this high memorial day. 



'■' This beautiful extract I take from Rev. Mr. Upliam's eloquent 2iul Century 
IjCcture. 

^^ I call AVilliams as well as Peters a singer, having in mind his touching 
hymns in the wilderness, also given iii Upham's discourse. 



209 

Then might I utter in a worthier rhyme 

Those lofty lessons for the coming time, 

Of faith and freedom, of content and trust, 

The fathers breathe from heaven and from the dust. 

That graver task I cheerfully resign 

To other voices — abler hands than mine. 

But me the question now confronts (too long 

Evaded by my loitering, gadding song), 

Why at this hour, when we our way retrace 

Back to the earliest footprints of the race 

Who on these pleasant shores first pitched their tent, 

The cradle of the infant settlement — 

The old North River side my thoughts forsake 

And take that lonely ramble to the Neck. 

— Forgive a would-be-patriarch (shall I say?) 

Born all too late, whose memory stops to-day 

Well nigli two hundred years this side the mark, 

Rnns back three score — then fnmbles in the dark. 

I was a boy when quaint old Bentley died : 

I roamed the Neck, his spirit at my side. 

Within its gate a realm of shadows lay — 

A land of mystery stretching far away. 

There with a ghostly Past I talked — with awe 

The ancient Mother's august form I saw. 

"Seek out the ancient Mother!" — How and where? 
Some pore o'er musty scrolls and seek her there ; 
But on the open land, beneath the skies 
That made it fair to her first children's eyes, — 



210 

In that fresh air — upon that sacred ground — 

Methinks the Mother's presence best is found. 

And so I seem to see her shadow wait 

To greet me, passing through the old Neck Gate. 

For does not Winter Ishmd meet my eye 

And tell a silent tale of days gone by ? 

I climb yon hill and see forevermore 

A spectral sail approach the wooded shore. 

On Winter Island wharf I see them land, 

A ghostly train come forth upon the strand. 

A village springs to life — a bus}' port; 

It has its bustlinsr wharves — its bristlins: fort. 

Lo ! Fish Street — destined one day to run down 

To Water Street — now runs to Water-town. 

Can Fancy quite recall to-day the charms 

Of those enchanting "Marble Harbor Farms?" 

Are the "sweet single roses"^^ still in bloom? 

Still do the "strawberries" the air perfume? 

And from the flowers and shrubs that clothe the ground 

Does a "sweet smell of gardens" breathe around? 

And, — sons of Salem ! — be it ne'er forgot 

That it was there — in that wild, lovely spot — 

While yet the plough had scarcely broke the land — 

They set their hearts to have the College stand. ^° 

Well can we guess what charms the landscape wore 

When first our fathers trod this silent shore. 



29 Sweet Briar. 

soBontley (Description of Salem — Mass. Hisit. Col., 1st Series, vi. 23-2), says: 
As eaily as 1U3C they made a reserve of lands upon the Marble Harbor Farms for 
a college. 



211 

The child asks : Why should those green islands be 
Baptized as Great and Little Misery ?"^^ 
Mio;ht we not almost deem these names were given 
Lest those poor saints should dream this earth was 

Heaven ?^^ 
Great miseries and little miseries — well 
Could they, of both, by sore experience tell. 
But, sweetly locked in sheltering arms, to-day. 
Their shallop safe in Summer-Harbor lay. 
Such was the name they gave the spot, when first 
Upon their yearning eyes its beauty burst ; 
Till by a three fold — nay, a four fold claim, 
Salem showed right divine to be its name. 
For Salem they were taught of old to pray ; 
To Peace — to Salem — God has led their way ; 
A spark of strife at Conant's breath had died — ^^ 
In Salem now — in Peace — we dwell — they cried. 

And lo ! another Avonder — if we here 
To Cotton Mather's word may lend an ear — 
"Behold !" they cried, "the meaning of our name 
In Indian speech and Hebrew is the same. 



^'Shelley sings: 

'"Many a green isle needs must be 
In this wide sea of misery." 

8' But the prose account (Bentley's) is : " It was early called Moulton's Misery 
from a shipwreck." 

S3 See Hubbard, quoted by Young (Chronicles of Mass., p. 31 and note): Rev 
John White, siieaking of the change of name from Nahum-keik to Salem, says it 
was done "upon a fair ground, in remembrance of a ijerece settled upon a confer- 
ence at a general meeting between them and their neiglibors [the Dorchester 
planters and Eudicott's company], after expectance of some dangerous jar" — 
'• being by the prudent moderation of Mr. Conaut quietly composed." 



212 

This is the place of rest we came to seek : 
This is our comfort-haveii : Nuhum-Keek !"^* 

Here Mother Salem her first fortune made — 
The future Queen of the East India trade. 
Here her commercial greatness she began 
With that small fleet of fishers from ^ape Ann. 
Wharf after wharf crept westward, year by year; 
The hum of trafiic grew more loud and clear. 
Meanwhile, as through the field of History's glass 
The various groups of scattered settlers pass, 
Yonder we see, from the North River shore 
The farmers of the region paddling o'er 
To where the magnates of the Church and State 
Reside — the Minister and Magistrate. 
There stands the house in its capacious lot. 
Where dwells the worthy Master Endicott, 
Which Roger Conant, that good-natured man. 
Sent to his honored neighbor from Cape Ann.^^ 

North Fields and South Fields little dreamed that day 
Of horse-cars runnin'g on an iron way. 
Each household had its familv canoe, 



'< Magnalia, i. 63 : '• Of which place I have somewhere met with an old obser- 
vation, that tlie name of it was rather Hebrew tlian Indian; for Kahum signifies 
co?rt/oj'i and Keek signifies haven; and our English not only found it au liaven of 
comfort, but happened al.so to put an Hebrew name upon it; for they called it 
Salem, for the peace which they had and hoped in it; and so it is called unto tliis 
day." 

3" An old witness says Endicott sent and liad it pulled down by virtue of the 
right given him by the company in England ; I have simply shadowed forth in my 
version the well-known good grace with which Couant accepted his being super, 
eeded by Endicott. 



213 

And of these "water-horses" some had two. 
These troopers also had their grand displays, 
Their General Trainings, and their Muster Days. 
Hadst thou the skill to reproduce, my Muse, 
That memorable Inspection of Canoes, 
By some prophetic instinct (shall we say?) 
Named to take place on that midsummer day 
Which in another century was to be 
The Glorious Fourth of Freedom's History — 
Couldst thou but picture to the outward eye 
The flash of paddles in the noonday sky — 
How would that grand Eegatta's rainbow blaze 
Dim all the tinsel pomp of modern days \^^ 
Turn now from inland ferry and canoe, 
Where heavier, deep-sea craft invite the view. 
Yeaj's passed — our sorely tried, yet hardy town 
Won with her merchant ships a rare reuown.^^ 
The second war gave her success a check ; 
I was a boy when the Brig Ann, a wreck. 
Crawled up to Derby's Wharf and landed there 
Her Oriental cargo, rich and rare. 



ssUpham's "Salem Village, &c.," i. 63. The order of the General Court is 
dated June 24, 1836, and the time fixed was "the next second day, being the fourth 
day of the fiftli mouth." 

3' The following metrical version is offered of a well-known story droUy illus- 
trative of Salem's former imposing greatness in oriental eyes. 

Some native merchant of tlie East, they say, 

(Whether Canton, Calcutta or Bombay), 

Hatl in his counthig-room a map, whereon 

Across the field in capitals was drawn 

The name of Salem, meant to represent 

That Salem was the Western Continent, 

While in an upper corner was put down 

A dot, named Boston, Salem's leading town. 

HIST. COLL. XV 14 



214 

What sweets and fragrances, in frails and crates, 
Gum-copal, allspice, nutmegs, cloves and dates ! 
Then filled the eyes of every Salem boy 
With mingling tears of sadness and of joy. 
We laughed to see how the old-yellow stores 
Took in the bags of sweetmeats throuoh their doors : 
We wept to see through what a hard fought fight 
The brave old hulk had brought us such delight. 
Sadly she seemed to figure, as she lajs 
The sunset of our old commercial day. 

Thenceforth, O Salem ! on another sea, 
A calmer deep, thy commerce was to be ; 
In History's realm thy flag was now to shine 
And make the noble wealth of Knowledge thine. 
Peace be within thee, dear old Mother Town ! • 
And as, at morn and eve, the dews come down 
On thy fair gardens, grace from heaven descend 
And rest npon thy homes till time shall end ! 
From Buffum's Corner to the old Neck Gate, 
Peace and prosperity upon thee Avait ! 
And from Orne's Point to Pickering's Point may peace 
Reign in thy borders, and thy wealth increase — 
The wealth they win who choose the better part : 
The never-failing wealth of mind and heart : 
Treasures not tied to earthh'^ fortune's wheel ; 
Which not e'en Time — the busiest thief — can steal: 
Generons aspirings — Truth that maketh free — 
And "thoughts that wander through eternity;" 



215 

Jewels of Knowledge — Wisdom's ample store — 
Treasures laid up in Heaven forevermore. 

.'Tis pleasant, in this headlong age, to tind 
A quiet corner for the musing mind ; 
And he who seeks it, sure may find it here, 
In this old memory-haunted atmosphere. 
"Dreamy old town" — they call thee? Well, dream on I 
Thought's dreams shall last, when Passion's dreams are 

gone. 
Be thine the dreams that yearn for realms divine ; 
Pilgrims that seek Perfection's distant shrine ; 
Such dreams — so pure, so tranquil and so true — 
As Avarice and Ambition never knew ; 
Not such as make the worldling's daily life 
A scene of fitful, feverish, futile strife, 
But those calm, holy dreams that melt away- 
Like morning twilight into perfect day. 



ODE 

BY 

WILLIAM W. STORY. 



Entered according to Act of Congress, In the year 1878, by 

WILLIAM W. STORY, 
In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 



i 



ODE. 



I SEND my voice from far bej^ond the sea ; 
Only a voice — and tlierefore fit to be 
Among the dim and ghostly company 

That, from historic realms of shadowy gloom, 
And from the silent world beyond the tomb, 
This day shall come, their living sons to greet 
With voiceless presence, and with noiseless feet. 
To join the long procession in the street, 
And listen to the praise 
Of the old dee'ds and days 
That in onr memories evermore are sweet. 

II 

There the brave Endicott, 
With jingling sword, high ruff, and magisterial coat, 
August, shall lead the shadowy train — 
And marching near on either side 
Winthrop, his friend so true and tried. 
With stately step and dignified 
And Conaut proudly plain. 

(219) 



220 

There Darley, Cradock, Vassall, Johnson. There 
The stern-hued face of Goffe, the regicide, 
And Skelton's serious air. 

Tliere Higginson, serene and sad, 
With eyes uplifted 'neath a brow of care, 

In Puritanic vestments clad, 
Breathing a silent prayer. 
There Roger Williams pensive shall be seen, 
Quiet of presence, gentle in his mien. 
As erst he was, ere he was forced to flee 
Before the cry of rabid bigotry. 
There Saltonstall and Pynchon, Lynde and Fitch, 
Stern Stoughton, humbled Sewell, shall be found; 
And over-zealous Parris, looking round, 
Eager to catch a glimpse of some foul witch 
Among the childish group who, at his side. 
Gaze all about them shy and eager-eyed. 
There, rustling in her stiff brocade. 

High-heeled, erect and slim. 
Lady Arbella with her figure staid 

And manners prim ; 
And following her, full many a maid, whose eyes. 
Up-glancing from her downcast foce, 
Despite her Quaker dress and bashful grace. 
Give warrant for the charge of witcheries : 
A brave procession, free of worldly guile, 

Stern in its aspect and with features grim. 
Scarce knowing how to smile, — 

All moving silently, and keeping pace 
Unto a voiceless hymn. 



221 



III 



And there, behold, with lofty feathered crest, 
A dark bronzed face looks out among the rest, 

As the procession slowly moves along- — 

That is old Massasoit, erect and strong. 
With a brass coin upon his broad bare chest ; 
Open his look as when 

He met the Pilgrims on the shore with "Welcome 
Englishmen !" 

And there on either hand, 

With frowning faces, stand 
Brave Alexander, Philip, and their friend 

Canonchet, brooding o'er the fate 

That kingdom, home, and hearth made desolate, 
And drove them to their sad and bitter end. 



IV 

And, since for all that pass the time is short 

For full report, 

Leap we two centuries, to note the name 
Of some, who, on our Pilgrim roll of Fame,. 
Have later but not lesser claim. 

Those who but fifty years ago 

Walked in the flesh with us, when we 
Closed up our city's second century 

That now no more we know. 



222 



V . 

Dearest to me, and first of all the throng 
That slowly moves along, 

Is one beloved form, with face benign. 
Whose birthday fell on the same day as thine, 
Oh pleasant town of mine ! 
'Tis the great Jurist : all his features bright 
With an illuminating inner light, 
Whose voice that day the story old 
Of pilgrim faith and strength so nobly told, — 
The good, wise man, who had the power to draw 

All hearts, as by a charm ; 
Whose high clear spirit, dry with wisdom's light. 
With love's rich tints, was warm. 

There, not unknown to fame. 
Goes Dane, whose liberal bounty laid 
In Harvard's academic shade, — 

The school which bears his name ; 
And, by his great abridgment to the law, 

His full debt doubly paid. 
There Bowditch, who with keen and patient eye 
Traced the far planet's pathway in the sky. 

And man's across the sea ; 
Whom every sailor, tossing on the main 

In danger or distress. 
Hoping to see his dear ones once again. 

Names but to bless. 
There Holyoke, still erect and firm, we see 



223 

Under the full weight of a century. 
There Pickermg ; Pickman. There the clustering hair 
And flashing eyes of Choate, whose rare 

Full-worded eloquence had power to thrill, 

And move, and mould his hearers at his will. 
There too are Phillips, Silsbee, Saltonstall ; 

Putnam and Crowninshield, and King, and White, — 

Good men and true, to battle for the right 
At bar, bench, and the nation's council hall. 

There HaAvthorne, in whose subtle glance 

Are silent worlds of mystery and romance ; 
A boy as yet, shy, modest in his mien, 
Pondering the passing scene. 

There the two Prescotts, — not he of the sword, 
Who the great battle fought for Liberty, 
For he was of the older race, — but he 

Who wore the ermine of the bench, whose word 
Was justice, — and the younger one whose pen 

Painted the pomp of Spanish chivalry. 
Battles and conquests, and brave deeds of men 

Sailing across the almost untried sea. 
There Flint and Prince and Brazer we may note, 
And Upham, who our saddest annals wrote. 
Amid the clergy moving on ; and there 

Our merchant princes all, whose argosies 

Ploughed with their keel the torrid Indian seas 
Rich spoils to us to bear. 

Gray, Derby, Rogers and the Peabodies : 
And following them, perchance more known to fame. 
Yet only worthy of his name, 



224 

He who with broad and open hand 

Scattered its wide larsress 
Over his native and adopted land, 

The ignorant to teach — the poor to bless. 

VI 

These are our dead ! a glorious company 

That have before us gone, — some many a year, 

Some as it were but yesterday, — and we. 
Their living sons, to-day bring up the rear. 

VII 

Here on this day, then, when we meet, 
These shades august to greet, 

And sun us in their shining memory, 
Let us our vows record. 
Never by act or word 
To shift our shoulders from the weight 
They laid on us, of Liberty. 
Now, while their spirits gather near, 
Let us from them take heart, and cheer 
And pledge our utmost will and skill 
High up to hold, with spirits bold, 
The task they planned we should fulfil. 
No cravens recreant to our trust, 

No cowards shrinking from the fight, 
But ready, through life's toil and dust, 

To combat for the Riajht I' 
Ready, with heart and hand, to strive 



225 

To keep the ancient faith alive, 
And bear us, so that our New England name, 
Through us, shall never suffer shame. 

VIII 

Weak are we, and in numbers few, 

Heroic deeds to dare and do ? 

Well, so were they, the tried, the few 

Who braved the sea, the storm, the bleak 
Wind-hunted coast. 

On these inhospitable lands to seek 
The freedom that we boast. 

Who bade farewell to homes and friends. 
To arts, to luxury, to ease. 
Ready to brave the blind, wild, weltering seas; 

The icy shafts that cruel winter sends ; 
Horrors of savage war, black nights 
Startled by war Avhoops, hideous sights. 

Perpetual fears that prowled like phantoms dim 

Round every hope ; perils unknown and grim ; 
The face of famine, that with hollow eye 
Glared into every household's privacy : 

All this — and more than this — intent 

To plant upon this stern, far continent, 
The seed, the precious seed, of Liberty. 

IX 

With stern sincerity they wrought, 
With pious trust and earnest thought. 



226 

With dauntless courage and determined will ; 
And if that sternness had its evil side, 
And through excess of zeal grew narrow-eyed, 

And bigoted, and hard, 
Their errors were to virtues close allied, 

That no low passions marred. 
For this we praise them — nobly straight they stood 

Their duty to fulfill. 
Firm to their faith, whatever might betide 

Of good or ill — 
For this we glory, that within our veins 

Runs their strong blood — 
For this forgive the cruelty that stains 
Their very faith to God. 



Grim was their creed : for them the flower 

Had scarce a right to bloom ; 
Beauty and joy they deemed the devil's dower 

To tempt man to his doom. 
And life a sad procession of gray hours 

That led but to the tomb. 



XI 

Even as I speak, behold, with plaintive eyes 
What sorrowing phantoms rise f 

That superstition, hid behind the cloak 
Of pious duty, and, in God's own name. 
Struck with its deadly stroke. 

See, there I that peaceful Quaker band 



227 

That, from their hearth and home, and laud, 
Sharp persecution drove. 

To whom our fathers stretched no Christian hand 
Of favor, grace, or love. 

And that even sadder, darker group behold ! 

Fair maidens, children in the first fresh bloom 

Of their young life, old men and matrons old, 

Tottering upon the threshold of the tomb. 
What was their crime? their cruel doom? 

Ah, well may we uplift our eyes 

In sorrow and surprise ! 

These are the devil's wretched brood. 

That expiated with their blood 
The crime of witchcraft, and foul sorceries. 

XII 

Sad is the sight : let us avert our gaze. 

And yet most sad for this, that through the maze 

Of all this tangled skein of cruelties. 
Blindly astray, threading the bigot way 

The clue of virtue lies. 
Narrow of mind they were, and short of sight, 

And still to duty true. 
In wrong ways ever striving for the right 

They meant God's work to do. 

XIII 

Two long half centuries since then have passed, 
And now, what wondrous change ! 



228 

Cities are broadcast sown througli the wide range 

Of what was savage desert, drear and vast, 

Where, through the wilderness, hissed now and then 
The Indian arrow, or the passing breeze 
Shook the primeval forest's serried trees, 

Rings now the whir and busy hum of men : 
The rattling train, — with streaming snake of steam 

And fiery eyes agleam, — 
Shakes all its silences with rush and roar, 
And shoots its shuttles, weaving shore to shore ; 
Gone is the dark face, and the cautious tread 
That stole upon its game or on its foe : 
A horde of pale-faced men, since born and bred, 
Swarms everywhere from Maine to Mexico, 
Builds, weaves, dams up the torrents in their flow 
To turn the whirring mills to grind them bread ; 
Sows leagues of seed, beats out the golden grain, 
Tunnels the hills, speeds it across the main. 
And, prisoning in the hold a fieiy slave. 
Bids him his huge arms heave, — and o'er the wave 

The ship, beneath the flaming fire by night, 

And pillared cloud by day. 
Across the desert ocean's pathless plain 

Throbs on its pulsing way. 

XIV 

How vast a change is this ! and yet more vast 
Another change that o'er our world has past. 
For savage Liberty that then uncurbed 



229 

Knew only power as might, 
A strong republic we have shaped and orbed 

To justice, law and right. 
This is our boast, not only we are free 
But free through Law, and scorning to be free, 

Through aid of any wrong, 
We, for the great hopes of humanity. 

Our state have builded strong. 

XV 

Is this the truth, or but an idle boast? 
On days like this it fits us to make pause. 
Look to our armour, test its strength and flaws ; 

See where we stand, what we have gained, what lost, 
Take counsel, weigh our cause. 

XVI 

And pausing now, and looking round, 

Boasting apart, can we affirm 

That we are whole and sound ? 
Or must we, even while we see 
Our large proud marches of prosperity. 
Abase our eyes, and own, that, while our growth 

Is mighty in material things, 
The soaring virtue of our brave stern youth 

Flies low on wounded wings ? 

XVII 

Alas ! the hymn to which our fathers trod 
With even step, the inspiring cry 

HIST. COLL. XV 15 



230 

With which they marched to liberty, 
Their trumpet note, "Man only can be free 
When he is just to man and true to God, 

Virtue alone is true prosperity" 
This wakes faint echoes in our bosoms now 
Our faith is weaker, our desires more low ; 
Let us be rich, we cry, wealth is the prize. 
That Freedom, drugged with greed and luxury, 

Holds up before our eyes. 
From the stern virtues that our fathers knew 

We turn with easy sneers. 
The trumpet tone that stirred them through and through 

Jars harshly on our ears. 
We can be bought and sold, — we have struck palms 

With treachery and fraud. 
Dishonesty corrupts us with its alms 

And Bribery flaunts abroad ; 
Sly Knavery, disguised, prowls like a fox 

Around our politics ; 
The juggler's hand is in our ballot-box. 

While Office Avins by tricks. 

The simple homely ways 

We knew iu early days 
Have lost their zest and beauty in our eyes ; 

Corners, we have, and rings. 
Where speculation hid in ambush lies 

And on the unwary springs — 

New vices bred new names. 
And in the public mart the bull and bear 

Wrangle and fight, and lie and tear, 



231 

And commerce for a swift advantage, games. 
Folly in diamonds leads the social dance, 
Half dressed and over free, 
With the frail brood of wild Extravagance 
And reckless Vanity. 

XVIII 

Is this our great Republic? This the flower 
Of that high faith our fathers planted here ? 
This the heroic spirit, and severe, 

They left us for our dower ? 

Are we so fallen, we neither care nor heed 

Whither our great republic drifts, so long 
As we on lotus flowers may lie and feed 

And listen to Corruption's syren song, 

Heedless of rocks and shoals that stretch before, 
And trusting only Luck in time of need 
To hold the helm upon a wild lee-shore? 

What though our captain may be brave and true, 
Or those the highest trust who hold, 

If mutineers are in the crew 
And scuttlers in the hold ? 

XIX 

Ah no ! it is not written in the book of Fate 

That heedless as we are, and blind. 
This glorious ship ou which are set 

The eyes, the hopes, of all mankind. 
This great republic, with its precious freight. 



232 

That bears the flag of freedom at its peak, — 
This hope our fathers Liuuched with hearts elate 

With fears, and prayers and sighs, — 
Through our gross negligence should suffer wreck 

In clear and cloudless skies. 

XX 

If the frail Mayflower could endure the stress 
Of wind and tempest, on its venturous way, 
With few to care and almost none to bless. 

Bravely, without dismay, 
Shall our strong ship, for want of worth and will, 
Well-timbered, well-appointed, framed with skill, 
Founder at last through utter recklessness ? 

XXI 

No ! foreign war hath struck at us in vain. 
We have withstood the sterner, deadlier strain 

Of fierce fraternal strife ; 
We have worked out, with spirits stout and brave, 
Through our heart's blood, redemption for the slave 

Heedless of cost and life. 
We have cast off his chains into the sea. 
And purged us of the curse of slavery. 

And, now, it is not to be even thought. 

That we, who deeds like this have wrought. 
While in the bay of peace we lie 
Without a menace from the sky, 

Should perish from internal rot. 



233 



XXII 

It is not that within our land 

Is hick of spirit, brave and high, — 
Of lofty magnanimity, — 
Of pure heroic temper fit 
For actions lavs^e and scrand. 

Who, that behind shall cast his eyes 
To that sad page of civil strife 
With all its stern brave sacrifice, 
Its fiiith that o'er defeat could fly, 
Its stubborn strength, its scorn of life, 
Such temper can deny ? 
It is the spirit of delay. 
The careless trust, that happy luck 
Will save us, come what may, — 
The apathy with Avhich we see 
Our country's dearest interests struck. 

Dreaming that things will right themselves, 
That brings dismay. 

XXIII 

No ! things will never right themselves, — 

'Tis Ave must put them right. 
Strip for the task, do the good work, 

Labor with love unite. 

Fall into line, and fight ! 
While half the honest, wise, and strong, 



234 

Apart in selfish silence stand, 
Hating the clanger and the Avrong, 

And yet too busy to uplift their hand 
And do the duties that belong 
To those who would be free. 

Our great republic, soiled in name, 
Is sliding down the dire declivity 
Of ruin and of shame. 

XXIV 

Here, then, upon this day 
So consecrate to memories of the past. 
And hopes and fears that o'er the future cast 

A dim and doubtful ray, 
I call upon you, noble men and true, 

High, low, young, old, wherever you may be, 

Awake I arise ! cast off this lethargy ! 
Your ancient faith renew, 

And set your hands to do the task 
That freemen have to do ; 

Cleanse the Augean stall of politics 

Of its foul muck of crafts and wiles and tricks ; 
Break the base rings where commerce reeks and rots ; 
Purge speculation of its canker spots ; 
Drive off the cruel incubus that squats 

Upon our sleeping country, till it rise 

Renewed in strength, with upward looking eyes, 
And forward go upon the path 

Of its high destinies. 



235 



XXV 



If any love for liberty you bear, 

If any pride in this dear bind you share, 

By all that love and pride, I pray you, swear 

To set her free ; 
And make her record honest, white, and fair 

In sight of all humanity. 

XXVI 

Swift fly the years. Too swift, alas ! 

A full half century has flown. 
Since, through these gardens fair and pastures lone 

And down the busy street, 
Or 'neath the elms whose shadows soft are thrown 

Upon the common's trampled grass, 
Pattered my childish feet. 
Gone are the happy games we played as boys ! 
Gone the glad shouts, the free and careless joys. 
The fights, the feuds, the friendships that we had, 
And all the trivial things that had the power, 
When Youth was in its early flower, 

To make us sad or glad ! 
Gone the familiar faces that we knew. 
Silent the voices that once thrilled us through, 

And ghosts are everywhere ! 
They peer from every window pane, 
From every alley, street and lane 

They whisper on the air. 



236 

They haunt the meadows green and wide, 

The garden Avalk, the river-side, 

The beating mill adust with meal, 

The rope- walk with its whirring wheel, 

The elm grove on the sunny ridge. 

The rattling draw, the echoing bridge ; 

The lake on which we used to float 

What time the blue jay screamed his note. 

The voiceful pines that ceaselessly 

Breathed back their answer to the sea. 

The school house, where we learned to spell, 

The church, the solemn sounding bell, — 

All, all, are full of them. 
Where'er we turn, howe'er we go, 

Ever we hear their voices dim 

That sing to us as in a dream 

The song of "Lonsf ai>:o." 

XXVII 

Ah me, how many an autumn day 
We watched with palpitating l)reast 

Some stately ship, from India or Cathay, 
Laden with spicy odours from the East, 

Come sailing up the bay ! 
Unto our youthful hearts elate 
What Avealth beside their real freight 
Of rich material things they bore ! 
Ours were Arabian cargoes, fair, 
Mysterious, exquisite, and rare ; 



237 

From far romantic lands built out of air 
On an ideal shore 

Sent by Aladdin, Camaralzaman, 

Morgiana, or Badoura or the Khan. 
Treasures of Sinbad, vague and wondrous things 
Beyond the reach of aught but Youth's imaginings. 

XXVIII 

Glad were the da3's, now vanished evermore, 

When to our eager eye 
Some friendly key opened the Museum's door 

To worlds of mystery. 
There, wandering many an hour amazed 
With greedy look, we lingering gazed 

On treasures strange from many a foreign land, 
Whose very names our childish fancy smote. 
So vague Avere they and so remote. 

As awful, startling, grand ; 
Dim Madagascar, and the for 
Lone stretches of black Africa, 

Pagoda'd China, quaint Japan, 

Bronzed Egypt, where the creeping caravan 
Along the yellow desert lengthening files ; 
Hot Borneo and the tropic isles, 

Where summer burns, and spices grow. 

Arabia, Malta, Spain and Mexico, 
Silken Circassia, lovely land of dream, 
And bright Brazil where painted parrots scream ; 

Cyprus and Rhodes, and all the isles that sleep 



238 

In Grecian peace along the Ionian deep, 
And turbaned Turkey with its barred Harem. 
Wild Hottentot and stunted Caffre-land, 
Swart Abyssinia, stately Samarcand, 

Lands of the grove-like banyan and the palm, 

Soft whispering seas of Polynesian calm ; 
Siberia, black with battlements of pines. 

Dwarfed Lapland, half asleep in buried snow. 
Sad Upernavik, where, all winter, shines 

No sun upon the dreary Esquimaux ; 
All these their treasures sent for our delight. 
To stir our fancy, and to charm our sight. 

XXIX 

There spread before us we could see 
What worlds of curiosity ! 

Straujje dresses — bead and feather trimmed — 
High Tartar boots, and tiny Chinese shoes. 

And all the slender craft that ever skimmed 
The shark-infested Indian sea — 

Catamarans, caiques, or birch canoes. 
Tinkling pagodas strung Avith bells, 
Carved ivory balls, half miracles ; 

Strung necklaces of shells and beads, 

Sharp poisoned spears and arrowheads, 
Bows, savage bludgeons, creeses keen, 
Idols of hideous shape and grin, 

Fat, bloated spiders stilted high 

On hairy legs that scared the eye ; 



239 

Great, gorgeous spotted butterflies, 
And every splendid pliimaged bird, 

That flashes through the tropic skies 
Or in the sultry shade is heard ; 

All these, and hundreds more than these, we saw, 

That made our pulses beat with a delighted awe. 

XXX 

How oft half-fearfully we prowled 

Around those gabled houses, quaint and old. 

Whose legends, grim and terrible. 

Of witch and ghost that used in them to dwell, 

Around the twilight fire were told ; 
While huddled close with anxious ear 

We heard them, quivering with fear, 
And, if the daylight half o'ercame the spell, 

'Twas with a lingering dread 
We oped the door and touched the stinging bell 

In the dark shop that led, 
For some had fallen under times disgrace. 

To meaner uses and a lower place. 
But as we heard it ring, our hearts' quick pants 

Almost were audible ; 
For with its sound it seemed to rouse the dead, 
And wake some ghost from out the dusky haunts 

Where faint the daylight fell. 

XXXI 

Upon the sunny wharves how oft 
Within some dim secluded loft 



240 

We played, and dreamed the livelong day. 
And all the Avorld was ours in play ; 
We cared not, let it slip away, 
And let the sandy hour-glass run, 
Time is so long, and life so long 
When it has just begun. 

XXXII 

Alas ! though swiftly it has fled. 

And gone are all the old familiar faces, 
And few they are who lingering tread 

The old familiar places. 
Yet, still, those places we behold 
Almost unchanged from what they were of old 

Some fifty years ago ; 
The demon of wild change, that o'er our land 

Keeps hurrying to and fro, 
Swift to efface without a lingering trace 
Youth's happy landmarks, here hath stayed his hand ; 
And, if hot industry has hurried by 

To toil in busier marts. 
And nervous commerce spread its wings to fly 

To dizzier schemes and arts. 
Here it has left us calm serenity 

And peaceful hearts. 
And thus, apart from crowded din and noise 
And the fierce strife that spoils life's simplest joys. 

Our dear old city worthily may claim 

Her biblical old name, — 
'City of Peace,' — And tranquil in her age. 



241 

By no wild passions and ambitions torn, 

May calmly sit like to some honored dame 
And read her youth's bright page, — 

Happy to be at rest, unsoiled by shame, 
Proud of the noble children she hath borne. 
And looking forward still, with quiet heart 

And ever upward aim. 
To do her duty, and to act her part 

Beyond the reach of blame. 



ORATION 

BY / 

HON. WM. C. ENDICOTT. 



X » 



OEATIOIS". 



We are assembled to-day to commemorate the founding 
of a great State : and to recall the names, the characters, 
the deeds of the men who founded it ; men to whom the 
words- of Bacon may be fitly applied : "The true marshal- 
ling of the degrees of honor are these : In the first place 
are conditores imperiormn, the founders of States and 
Commonwealths." They are entitled also to other de- 
grees of honor named by Bacon, for they were not merely 
the founders of a State, but fathers of their country, who 
long reigned justly, making the times good wherein they 
lived, and lawgivers, governing by their ordinances after 
they were gone. 

The landing here two hundred and fifty years ago was 
the first step in the establishment of the Colony of Mas- 
sachusetts. To say that it was an event momentous in 
its consequences to England and America, would be to 
apply terms equally applicable to all successful coloniza- 
tion by the children of the mother country. But the 
planting of this (Jolony had a significance peculiar to 
itself, for it was intimately connected with and a part of 
that great national movement, of that great change in the 
life and government of the English people then just be- 
eiuning;. To restore to Eno;lishmen their civil liberties, 
to establish the right of the English nonconformist to 
worship according to the dictates of his own conscience, 

HIST. COLL. XV 16 (245) 



246 

were the motives which led alike to the Great Rebellion 
and to the colonization of Massachusetts. Both were 
parts of the great Piu'itan work. The leaders of both 
movements were Puritans, not the Puritans of the Com- 
monwealth, and of Cromwell, but Puritans as they stood 
in 1628, not then pledged to separate from the national 
church, but to purge and purify it by the aid of political 
forces, under the existing forms of government. That 
determined band of statesmen who passed the Petition of 
Right in the parliament of 1628, and that no less deter- 
mined baud who planned and established the Massachusetts 
Colony, were co-workers, friends and brothers embarked 
in the same cause, and struggling in different paths to 
accomplish the same ends. The one by wisdom in counsel 
and parliament, and if necessary by their swords in the 
field, intended to bring back to England the reign of 
order, liberty, and law ; the other to found another and a 
new England beyond the sea, where they and those who 
agreed with them might rest secure, and in which sacred 
asylum their brethren in England might find refuge if the 
cause there was hopeless or went out in fire and blood. 

It would be interesting to trace, did time alk)W, the ties 
of lineage, of personal love and friendship, the bonds of 
common interests, civil and religious, the identity of 
views, purposes, and aims Avhich united the Puritan 
leaders who came over, and those who remained to do 
their work in England, and made the cause of one the 
cause of both. As the struggle widened and deepened, 
the cause of one was not always the cause of the other; 
the infant Colony had peculiar interests to be guarded and 
maintained at every cost ; the progress of the civil war 
raised new leaders, educated in a new school, and issues 
never dreamed of in 1628 were to be met in England; 
but at the outset they were banded together for a common 



247 

purpose, and by concert of action in different fields they 
both sought to give civil and religious liberty to their 
countrymen. 

The influences which led to this great crisis in the 
history of England, and produced that lofty type of char- 
acter, and that noble elevation of thought, which dis- 
tinguished the Puritan leaders of that day, cannot fail to 
enlist the attention and engage the study of all who would 
understand the period. A brief enumeration of some of 
the most important, may assist us at this moment. 

During the century which had passed between the fall 
of Wooisey in 1529 and the embarkation of Endicott in 
1628, the human mind had made wonderful progress. It 
was a century of change, in which old things had passed 
away and all things had become new ; yet at its close the 
English kings still claimed the right to tax without par- 
liament, and to persecute for heresy and nonconformity. 
The England of 1529, and of the stormy years that fol- 
lowed, was still Catholic P^ngland. Ail the safeguards of 
constitutional freedom were swept away under Thomas 
Cromwell. The right to tax, to imprison, to execute, at 
the will of the sovereign, was claimed and exercised 
almost without dispute. The powers of parliament, 
recosfnized and established under the Plantagenet and 
Lancastrian kings, were substantially extinguished under 
the first Tudors. The hopes of the new learning, with 
its schemes of social, religious, and political reform, Aviiich 
had begun to illumine England, fell before the fierce spirit 
of the times, and seemed to go out in darkness on the 
scaffold of Sir Thomas More. But the very violence 
with which the kingly power asserted itself may be in 
part explained by the great questions with which it Avas 
confronted, and by the new spirit that was abroad. For 
great elements were at work. 



248 

111 1526, the first copies of Tyudale's New Testament 
appeared in Loudon, and within ten years the whole 
Bil)le translated was in the hands of the English people. 
It was a new revelation to the general mind of England, 
and was read, studied and committed to memory, as it 
never had been before. It was not merely read, but, in 
spite of the royal injunction, it was expounded and ex- 
plained in the pulpits, and was everywhere the theme of 
popular discussion. King Henry himself complained, 
"that it was disputed, rhymed, sung, and jangled in 
every tavern and alehouse" in the kingdom. It gave rise 
to new theories of government, of religion, of social 
duty ; it invested man himself with a new dignity and 
power, and gave another color to the times. Is it strange 
that ii became at last the pillar of fire by night, the 
pillar of cloud by day, to guide the steps of the Puritan ; 
that, beside the authority of earthly rulers, and the vain 
counsels of fallible man, it should stand for him the 
store-house of all wisdom and truth — the one revelation 
of the will of God to man, dictating its law alike to the 
ruler of states and kingdoms and to the humblest of his 
subjects, and holding out to each, with an impartial hand, 
its blessed promises ? 

If the Bible was a great teacher, so was the Reforma- 
tion itself. Steadil}^, amid all the turbulence and violence 
of the time, the revolution which struck down the church 
of Rome went on ; the great religious houses disappeared, 
one by one, and their wide lands became the property of 
the subject ; the Reformation, stayed for a time by the 
faggot and the block in the reign of Mary, finally tri- 
umphed under Elizabeth, and England became the great 
Protestant power, and the mistress of the sea. It was a 
period of intense excitement, of strange vicissitudes of 
fortune on sea and land, of dangers so overwhelming 



249 

that at last men forgot the quarrels of politics and sect, 
and stood together to avert a common peril and to win a 
common victory. Such a struggle, extending through 
more than one generation of men, quickened all the intel- 
lectual faculties of the English nation, and gave to the 
people a feeling of strength, power and self-confidence 
never before known. It manifested itself in a spirit of 
adventure, that sent the ships of England to all quarters 
of the globe on voyages of trade and of discovery, and 
the tales that came back to every household, of the won- 
drous lands beyond the sea, first stirred that spirit of 
colonization, which has, even to the present time, sent 
yearly from the ports of England thousands of her chil- 
dren. That rich commerce which had called Venice from 
the Adriatic, and had studded the Mediterranean with 
great cities, sought her shores; artisans and tradesmen, 
driven from the continent by its wars and persecutions, 
brought to England their skill and labor. She became 
rich and prosperous ; new arts, new industries sprung 
into life. 

Nor did England acquire from foreign lands an added 
commercial and industrial- power merely. There was a 
revival of the ancient, and the foreign learning ; classical 
studies, which had well nigh disappeared in the turmoil 
of the Reformation, were again the pursuit of the English 
youth, and through the common schools, founded so nu- 
merously after the dissolution of the religious houses, 
reached a larger class than ever before. Such was the 
taste for the classical learning, it is said, that all the great 
ancient authors were translated into English before the 
close of the sixteenth century. And John Milton was 
not the first young Englishman who sought in foreign 
travel in Italy, and the great centres of the continent, 
larger opportunities for study and culture. He but fol- 



250 

lowed the example of the preceding century, and carried 
with him directions of travel and maxims of prudence 
from Sir Henry Wotton. The traces of the classical and 
the foreign learning, with its grace and beauty, are to be 
seen in all the literature, the letters, and the oratory of 
the time. And that band of English exiles, who during 
the Marian persecution had listened to Calvin in Geneva, 
had there seen a church without a bishop, a state without a 
king. They doubtless bi'ought back some new thoughts 
of civil and religious government, which they scattered 
among their countrymen. Perhaps, to their prophetic 
eyes already appeared the pillars of the coming republic, 
rising in the dim distance. Rufus Choate, in his noble 
address on the Age of the Pilgrims, says, "I ascribe to 
that five years at Geneva an influence which has changed 
the history of the world." 

One fruit of this era of change, revolution and growth 
— this breaking up of the old limitations, this expansion 
of the horizon of thought and action — was the birth of 
that noble and splendid literature, which stands without a 
rival in modern times. The genius of its poets, drama- 
tists, and philosophers, has thrown into the shade the 
fame of the soldiers and statesmen of that eventful period. 
Born of the times, it was also the teacher of the times. 
While it reflected the national sentiment, it gave to it 
form and substance. But who can measure and estimate, 
within narrow limits, the influence of Sidney and Spenser 
and Shakspeare, of Hooker and Bacon, on the generations 
that knew them, and that were reared under this fresh 
inspiration ? 

I have thus endeavored briefly to state the temper and 
spirit of the time, and some of the influences at work to 
mould and fashion the Englishmen destined to do so great 
a work both at home and in America. As the literature 



251 

of the age was the fruit of the time, so were the men 
who in 1628 had determined, in the service of civil and 
religious liberty, to reform England and to found another 
England beyond the Atlantic. They formed that great 
political party known in the reigns of James I. and of 
Charles I. as the Puritan Party. ''The rank, the wealth, 
the chivalry, the genius, the learning, the accomplish- 
ments, the social refinements and elegance of the time 
were largely represented in its ranks." ^ A majority of 
the great middle class of Englishmen was also represented 
there, whom the age had rendered thoughtful and relig- 
ious ; of a l)okl, high, and independent spirit, they were 
ready to suffer all for conscience and country ; they pos- 
sessed moderate means, and had no political power, but 
later they filled the parliamentary armies, and the ships 
of Endicott, Higginson, and Winthrop. 

The great controversy between popular and arbitrary 
principles, which was the legacy of the Tudors, continued 
through the reign of James ; it is spoken of by historians 
as the period of vital stuggle, though the open conflict 
and result did not come till later. The accession of 
Charles gave little hope of better things ; the French 
marriage of the King, his arrogant and repellent temper, 
his early efforts to govern without parliament, his relent- 
less hostility to the nonconformists in church worship, his 
forced loans and unlawful imprisonments, and the danger 
of a standing army, clearly indicated to all thoughtful 
men that the great conflict was at hand. "They saw that 
the time had come for determining whether the English 
people should live in future under an absolute or under a 
limited and balanced monarchy ; and they launched upon 
the course of measures which was to decide that momen- 
tous question."^ 

1 1 Palfrey's ffist. N. E., 279. = 1 Palfrey's Hist. N. E., 2G5. 



252 

The first two Parliaments of Charles were of a resolute 
disposition and were of short duration ; and in March, 
1628, the last Parliament, that was to meet at Westmin- 
ster until 1640, assembled. Its courageous spirit startled 
the King, and in his necessity he gave his assent to the 
famous Petition of Riijht, the second o:reat charter of 
English liberty, which announced that forced loans, com- 
mitments without cause assigned, quartering of soldiers 
in private ifbuses, and hearings before military tribunals 
of cases properly cognizable in courts of law, were con- 
trary to the liberties of the subject and the laws and stat- 
utes of the realm. This was afterwards violated by 
Charles, and Parliament, resenting his duplicity, and 
seeking to inquire into his conduct, was suddenly dis- 
solved in March, 1629. 

The Petition of Right was the first gun in the great 
conflict which was to divide Eno^land. It is a sinffu- 
lar fiict that within a few days after the King assented 
to it, Endicott sailed for these shores; and six days 
before Parliament was dissolved, for contesting the 
King's right to violate it, Charles signed the Colony 
Charter of INIassachusetts, in March, 1629. Strange that 
the same hand to sign the Charter, which was to esta- 
blish the free State of Massachusetts, and thus give 
to the Puritan full scope to found his free government, 
should within one week dismiss a Puritan Parliament, 
because it sought to secure some guarantees of a free 
government at home. 

By these two acts the career of the Puritans was deter- 
mined in England and America. After years of arbitrary 
government and cruel persecution, they drew the sword 
in England; the horrors of civil war followed, Charles 
•fell upon the scaffold, but constitutional liberty was finally 
established by the Revolution of 1688. After years of 



253 

toil, suffering and danger in America, they established 
on a firm and enduring foundation the Colony of Massa- 
chusetts. 

To consider properly the nature of the expedition that 
Endicott conducted, and the government that he after- 
wards exercised on this spot, will require some detail of 
subsequent events. 

The colonial period, extending from September, 1628, 
to the extinction of the Charter, may be said to present 
three phases or forms of government: (1.) The govern- 
ment under Endicott and his associates from September, 
1628, to the organization of the company under the Colony 
Charter granted by the King, March 4, 1629. (2.) The 
government by Endicott and his Council, under the 
Charter, entitled the Governor and Council of London's 
Plantation in the Massachusetts Bay in New England, 
until the arrival of Winthrop, who superseded him in 
1630. (3.) The establishment of the colonial govern- 
ment here with the Charter under Winthrop and his 
successors till 1686. The distinction to be observed by 
these divisions is important to be kept in mind in con- 
sidering the nature and character of the authority ex- 
ercised while Salem was the seat of government. 

The "Great Patent of New England" as generally 
called, was a grant by James I, on November 3, 1620, to 
the Council established at Plymouth in the county of 
Devon, for the planting, ruling, ordering and governing 
of New England in America, of all that section of the 
continent, lying between the fortieth and forty-eighth 
degrees of latitude, that is from the northern line of Vir- 
ginia to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, to hold the same in 
free and common socage (an estate of the highest nature 
that any subject can hold under any government), with 
power to establish laws not contrary to the laws of Eug- 



254 

land, and to correct, punish, pardon and rule all British 
subjects that should become colonists.^ 

Grants were made by the Council prior to 1628, some 
of which included territory' afterwards embraced within 
the limits of Massachusetts.* Attempts were made to 
occupy portions of this territory before 1628. Roger 
Conant, the leader of the principal effort in this direction, 
a man of singular energy and determination, and some of 
his associates who formed a portion of the "Old Planters" 
as they were afterwards called, having abandoned their 
settlement at Cape Ann, came to Naumkeag in 1626, 
where, hoping for succor from England, they built houses 
and prepared land for cultivation, and were found by 
Endicott on his arrival two years later. ^ 

On March 19, 1628, the Great Council of Plymouth 
granted to Sir Henry Roswell, Sir John Younge, Thomas 
Southcote, John Humphreys, John Endicott, and Simon 
Whetcombe, all that part of New England extending three 
miles north of every part of the Merrimack, and three 
miles south of every part of the Charles, from the At- 
lantic to the "South Sea." The original of this patent is 
not known to be in existence, but its substance is recited 
in the Charter obtained in the following year.*^ All the 
rights, powers, and privileges of the Council to plant and 
rule this territory were conveyed to the patentees. Pre- 
cisely to what extent, or in what form the patentees had 
power to establish a government, appoint rulers, and 
enact laws, not repugnant to the laws of England, it is 
not important to inquire. No records of their adminis- 



5 Plymouth Col. Law3, 1. 

*A comi)lete history of these grants by S. F. Uaven, Esq., may be found in 
Lowell Institute Lectures on the Early Histor}' of Massachusetts, by members of 
the Mass. Hist. Soc, pp. 1'29, 15'2. 

fi Hubbard's Hist, of N. E., 107, H6. 

61 Mass. Col. Rec, 3. 



255 

tration are known to exist, and the acts of those who 
came over under their authority afford the only evidence 
of the powers they exercised ; and there is no doubt that 
the Patent thus granted, which extinguished the chiim of 
the Council at Pl^^uouth to this territory, was obtained 
for the purpose of enabling the patentees, if their enter- 
prise should prove successful, to procure the Royal Char- 
ter of the following year, which established a distinct aaid 
well defined form of government. It was a step in the 
growth of the Massachusetts Colony. 

The patentees, who acted in behalf of a large number 
of other persons, were in earnest and at once organized 
an expedition. Endicott, the only patentee who came 
over at that time, manifested much willingness to eml)ark, 
which gave great encouragement to all interested in the 
scheme. He was well known to "divers persons of good 
note," and was selected as the leader.^ Little is known 
of his previous history. Yet we may assume, from the 
fact of his appointment to such a trust, that his qualities 
were well understood, and that he had already shown in 
other fields of action, that power of command, that in- 
trepid courage, that zealous love of liberty, that devout 
and earnest spirit, which fitted him here for the wilderness 
work, and led him to take so conspicuous a part in the 
government of the Colony for nearly forty years. The 
confidence which put him at the head of affairs in the 
morning of the enterprise, continued to the end ; and he 
was Governor of Massachusetts w^ien, in 1665, at the 
ripe age of seventy-seven, death found him at his post. 
He sailed on the Abigail from Weymouth, June 20, 1628, 



'White's Planters' Plea, c. 9, p. 43, in 2 Force's Hist. Tracts. 3 Arch. Anier., 
XX, xxvi, 2. Memoir of John Endicott, by C. M. Endicott, Esq. Memorial of Gov. 
Endicott, by Hon. Stephen Salisbury, in Proceedings of Amer. Autiq. Soc, 1873, p. 
113. See also 2 palfrey's Hist. N. E., p. 598. 



256 

« 

with his company, and landed here two hundred and 
fifty years ago this day. We have no information of what 
transpired on the voyage, except that they had a prosper- 
ous journey, and safe arrival, and that Endicott sent back 
a good report of the country, which inspired his friends 
at home with a new zeal. 

The learned and venerated historian of New England, 
Dr. Palfrey, who, to the qualities of an accurate and pro- 
found student of history, adds the graces of a vigorous 
oratory, in a speech delivered at the Danvers Centennial 
Celebration in 1852, said: "When the vessel which bore 
the first Governor of Massachusetts was entering the 
harbor of Salem, she was anxiously watched from the 
beach by four individuals, styled, in the quaint chronicles 
of the time, as 'Roger Conant and three sober men.' The 
vessel swung to her moorings, and flung the red cross of 
St. George to the breeze, a boat put oiF for the shore, 
and, that the Governor might land dry shod, Roger 
Conant and 'his three sober men' rolled up their panta- 
loons, — or rather their nether garments which we in these 
degenerate days call pantaloons, — waded into the water, 
and bore him on their shoulders to the dry land."^ In 
behalf of the patentees, he thus took possession of the 
territory described in the Patent. 

Here, upon this spot, and at that hour, Massachusetts 
began her career. The Royal Charter on the foundation 
of the Patent was yet to be obtained, the officials to ad- 
minister its authority, its governor and assistants were 
yet to be chosen and sworn into office. Its church, its 
courts, its laws, its policy, were yet to be established, 
erected, and declared. But the corner stone of the tem- 
ple was laid. A firm and settled authority has since then 

8 Danvers Centennial Celebration, p. 130. 



257 

existed here, and amid changes and revohitions, and 
under the several names of the Colony, the Province, the 
State, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the problem 
of self-government and of liberty regulated by law has 
been solved ; that liberty so beautifully described by 
Governor Winthrop, when at the close of his impeach- 
ment and acquittal, in 1645, he resumed his seat upon 
the bench. After alluding to the natural liberty which 
is incompatible and inconsistent with authority, he said : 
"The other kind of liberty I call civil or federal : it may 
also be termed moral, in reference to the covenant be- 
tween God and man in the moral law, and the politic 
covenants and constitutions amongst men themselves. 
This liberty is the proper end and object of authority, 
and cannot subsist without it ; and it is a liberty to that 
only which is good, just and honest. This liberty you 
are to stand for with the hazard (not only of your goods, 
but) of your lives, if need be. Whatsoever crosseth this 
is not authority, but a distemper thereof. This liberty is 
maintained and exercised in a way of subjection to author- 
ity ; it is of the same kind of liberty wherewith Christ 
hath made us free."^ These are noble and stirring words, 
and w^ien the children of the Pnritans forget them, their 
heritage will pass away like a scroll. 

The instructions to Endicott, signed by his associates, 
John Venn and others, which were dated a short time 
before he sailed, are lost. Hutchinson, who apparently 
had them before him when he wrote his history, says, 
that "all the aifairs of the Colony were committed to his 
care."^*' What was then the organization of the patentees 
in England does not appear, and it may be doubted 
whether they contemplated any permanent organization, 

9 2 Life and Letters of John Winthrop, 341. 
1° 1 Hutchinson's History of Massachusetts, 16. 



258 

until their plans were so far matured that they were ready 
to ask for, and able to obtain, a royal charter. The ex- 
pedition they sent out was thus entrusted to Endicott, 
probably with full powers, as he is spoken of in the 
Planters' Plea by John White, who was one of his asso- 
ciates, and signed his letter of instructions, as having 
been "sent over Governor."^^ They evidently intended 
to provide and send to him ministers, a copy of the 
Patent under seal, and a seal as the sign of his author- 
ity;^^ tliough the vessel that bore the ministers did not 
sail till after the Charter was granted. 

That Endicott did exercise fidl authority after his arri- 
val is evident from his acts. He allotted lands to settlers, 
and Higginson the next year found a large number of per- 
sons settled at Salem, with houses and lands inclosed. 
He says; "We found about half a score of houses, wMth 
a fair house newly built for the Governor."^^ And it may 
fairly be presumed that Endicott maintained order and 
exercised command. Before the winter an explori;:g 
party made or prepared to make a settlement at Charles- 
_ town ; and Endicott himself conducted an expedition to 
Merry Mount, which he called Mount Dagon, within the 
jurisdiction of the Patent, cut down the May pole of 
Morton's companions, rebuked them for their profaneness, 
and admonished them "to look there should be better 
walkinoc."^* 

That he exercised a ruler's authority within his juris- 
diction, and was most judicious in his dealings with the 
Indians, is apparent from the fact the General Court in 
1660 confirmed, contrary to their custom, a grant of hind 

11 White's Planters' Plea, c. 9, p. 43 in 3 Force's Hist. Tracts. 3 Arch. Amer., 
XX, xxvi, 2. 

"1 Mass. Col. Rec, 24. 383. 

13 Yoimj^'s Chron. of Mass., 258. 

i< 1 Palfrey, Hist. N. E., 289. Morton's N. K. Jlemorial, 137. 



259 

by the Indians to John Endicott, Jr. ; "considering the 
many kindnesses that were shown to the Indians hy our 
honored Governor in the infancy of these plantations for 
the pacifying the Indians, tending to the common good 
of the first phmters, in consideration whereof the Indians 
were moved to such a gratuity unto his son."^^ The old 
planters were not altogether satisfied with the advent of 
a new company in which they had no part ; but all diffi- 
culties with them were adjusted, and as if to commemo- 
rate the happy settlement, and as typical of the peace 
that followed, the Indian name of Naumkeag was changed 
to Salem ; and at a General Court afterwards convened 
by Endicott, in June, 1629, they were "all combined 
together into one body politic, under the same Gover- 
nor." i« 

The story of the first winter is a tale of exposure, pri- 
vation, sickness, and death. Though less severe than the 
terrible sufierings of the pilgrims at Plymouth, it was 
greater than that Avhich visited the larger company which 
came over two years later with Winthrop. The dire dis- 
tress of the settlers led to the visit of Fullei- from Ply- 
mouth, and that friendship began which ever after existed 
between the Colonies to the time of their union under the 
Province Charter. Endicott's wife died, and doubtless 
under the inflnence of that great affiiction, he wrote a 
touching letter to Bradford in which he sa^'s : '' It is a 
thins: not usual that servants of one master and of the 
same household should be strangers. I assure you I 
desire it not. Nay, to speak more plainly, I cannot be 
so to you. God's people are all marked with one and 
the same mark, and have for the main one and the same 
heart, guided by one and the same spirit of truth ; and 

» 4 Mass. Col. Rec, Pt. 1, 427. 

i^Youug's Chron. of Mass., 259. Thornton's Landing at Cape Ann, 68. 



260 

where this is, there can be no discord, nay, here must 
needs be a sweet harmony. "^^ 

But daring all his trials and dangers, his courage did 
not fail. We have none of the letters he wrote home, 
but we can gather from the replies he received, and from 
the annalists of the time, that his words were hopeful and 
confident, giving encouragement to his associates, and 
enabling them to enlarge both their means and their num- 
bers. Cradock, whose name first appears at this time as 
a patentee, wrote to him in behalf of the whole, thanking 
him for the "large advise" contaiued in his letters, and 
giving assurance that they "intend not to be wanting by 
all good means to further the plantation." ^^ This letter 
contains many suggestions, but no positive commands in 
regard to Endicott's administraticjn of atfairs, showing 
that they relied mainly on his discretion and judgment. 
And in pursuance of this promise, six vessels sailed 
from England in April, 1629, and arrived in Salem the 
following June, bearing a large number of colonists with 
cattle, food, arms, and tools. Among the passengers 
came Higginsou and Skelton, destined to be the first 
ministers of the church founded at Salem. Previously 
to this embarkation, the Charter was granted, but of this 
Eudicott probably had no notice until their arrival. A 
new government was to be established ; and with the 
arrival of this fleet, the first stage in the history of the 
Colony may be said to have closed. 

While these events transpired here, the Charter had 
been obtained in England. It was dated March 4, 1629, 
and granted and confirmed to Sir Henry lioswell and the 
other patentees named in the Patent, and twenty asso- 



i' Memoir of John Endicott Ly C. M. Endicott, Esq., p. 27. Morton's N. E. Me- 
morial, p. 143. 

18 1 Mass. Col. Rec, 383. 



261 

ciates, the same territory, to hold by the same tenure, and 
made them "a body corporate and politic, in fact and in 
name, by the name of the Governor and Company of the 
Massachusetts Bay in New England."^'' 

There has been some difference of opinion among his- 
torians respecting the character of the corporation thus 
created. But a careful examination of the provisions of 
the Charter leads irresistibly to the conclusion that it does 
not establish a corporation merely for the purpose of 
trade and traffic, but was intended to be the constitution 
and foundation of a political government. 

It appoints from among the grantees a governor, Mat- 
thew Cradock, a deputy governor, and eighteen assistants 
by name, with power to nominate and appoint as "many 
others as they shall think fit and that shall be willing to 
accept the same, to be free of the said company and body, 
and them into the same to admit." The persons thus 
appointed became members of the corporation, having 
the power annually to choose the governor, deputy gover- 
nor, and assistants, and they are styled in the Charter 
and were known in the subsequent history of the Company 
as the freemen. To the governor, deputy governor, 
assistants and freemen assembled in general court, the 
Charter gives the power "from time to time to make,, 
ordain and establish all manner of wholesome and reasona- 
ble orders, laws, statutes, and ordinances, directions and 
instructions" not contrary to the laws of England ; m- 
cludino: the "settlino: of the forms and ceremonies of 
government and magistracy, fit and necessary for the said 
plantation and the inhabitants there, and for naming and 
styling of all sorts of officers, both superior and inferior, 
which they shall find needful for that government and 



"IMass. Col. Kec, 3. 
HIST. COLL. XV 17 



262 

plantation, and the distinguishing and setting forth of the 
several duties, powers, and limits of every such office and 
place." 

It also provides for the forms of their oaths, and "the 
disposing and ordering of the elections of such of the 
said officers as shall be annual, and of such others as shall 
be to succeed in case of death or removal ; " and that 
"these our letters patents or the duplicate or exemplifica- 
tion thereof shall be to all and every such officers, superior 
and inferior, a sufficient warrant and discharge;" and it 
declares "that all and every such chief commanders, cap- 
tains, governors, and other officers and ministers," as 
should be appointed by the governor and company, 
"either in the government of the said inhabitants and 
plantation, or in the way by sea thither, or from thence, 
according to the natures and limits of their offices and 
places respectively," should "have full and absolute power 
and authority to correct, punish, pardon, govern and rule" 
all English subjects inhabiting said plantation or voyaging 
thither or from thence, according to the orders, laws, and 
instructions of the company. And the chief commanders, 
governor, and officers for the time being resident in New 
England are empowered for their defence and safety "to 
encounter, expulse, repel and resist by force of arms, as 
well by sea as by land, and by all fitting ways and means 
whatsoever, all such person and persons as shall at any 
time hereafter attempt or enterprise the destruction, inva- 
sion, detriment or annoyance to the plantation or inhabi- 
tants;", and to capture their persons, ships, munitions, 
and other goods. 

These provisions of the Charter are fully recited, that 
the character of the government authorized to be estab- 
lished here by the Company in England, may be disclosed, 
and the extent of the powers afterwards delegated to 
Eudicott and his Council, may be understood. 



263 

The Company was duly organized in England, and the 
Governor, the Deputy Governor, and Assistants, took the 
oaths of office ; a committee was appointed to write to 
Endicott and to make orders and powers for the govern- 
ment of the Colony. Such a letter Avas prepared, directed 
to Endicott and his Council, and forwarded to him by the 
ships which carried Higginson and his companions, ac- 
companied by duplicates of the Charter and the seal of 
the Company. ^*^ The letter informed him that a Charter 
had been obtained, that he had been "confirmed" Gover- 
nor, and that they had provided him with a Council. 
Many suggestions are made and wishes expressed in 
regard to particular matters, but no positive orders are 
given. The whole government of the Colony was by this 
letter intrusted to Endicott and his Council ; and the letter 
states, "to the end that you may not do anything contrary 
to law nor the power granted us by his Majesty's Patents, 
we have, as aforesaid, sent you a duplicate of the letters 
patent, under the great seal of England, ordering and 
requiring you and the rest of the council there not to do 
anything, either in inflicting pnnishment on malefactors, 
or otherwise, contrary to or in derogation of said letters 
patent ; but if occasion require, we authorize you and 
them to proceed according to the power you have." In 
case of Endicott's death, Mr. Skelton or Mr. Sharpe is 
named to take charge of affiiirs, "and to govern the people 
according to order, until further order." And in commit- 
ting to the discretion of Endicott and his Council, the 
maintenance of their privileges against the claims and 
interference of John Oldham and his adherents, the caution 
is given, that "the preservation of our privileges will 
chiefly depend (under God) upon the first fonndation of 
our government." 

«oi Mass. Col. Rec, 37», 37', 38G. 



264 

There can be no question that the appointments thus 
made and the powers conferred were but preliminary to a 
more formal election, and a more specific delegation of 
authority. They were probably sent forward at the time, 
because of the opportunity afforded by the sailing of Hig- 
ofinson and others, who were to be of the Council. 

On April 30, 1629, a general court was held, the letter 
sent a few days before was confirmed, orders were drawn 
up and an election had.^^ The record recites that the 
Company "thought fit to settle and establish an absolute 
government at our plantation in the said Massachusetts 
Bay in New England," to consist of thirteen persons, resi- 
dent on the plantation, who should "from time to time and 
at all time hereafter have the sole managing and ordering 
of the government and our afii\irs there," and "be entitled 
by the name of the Governor and Council of London's 
Plantation in the Massachusetts Bay in New England. 
And having taken into due consideration the merit, worth, 
and good desert of Captain John Endicott, and others 
lately gone over from hence with purpose to reside and 
continue there, we have with full consent and authority of 
this court, and by erection of hands, chosen and elected 
the said Captain John Endicott to the place of present 
Governor in our said Plantation," for one year after he 
should take the oath of oflice (which was sent out to be 
administered to him in New England), or until the Com- 
pany should choose a successor. At the same time they 
elected seven members of the Council (Francis Higginson 
and others who had recently sailed), and gave to the 
Governor and the seven authority to elect three more ; 
and, to complete the thirteen who were to compose the 
government, the former or old planters residing within 
the limits were empowered to name the remaining two 

Ml Mass. Col. Rec, 3V, 3G1. 



265 

members. To the government thus erected power was 
given to elect one of their number deputy governor, to 
make choice of a secretary and other necessary officers, 
and to fill vacancies caused by death or removal from office 
for misdemeanors or unfitness. Under the power derived 
from the Charter and in nearly the same words, the 
Governor and Council in New England were authorized 
"to make, ordain, and establish all manner of wholesome 
and reasonable laws, orders, ordinances, and constitutions 
(so as the same be no way repugnant or contrary to the 
laws of the realm of England), for the administering of 
justice upon malefactors, and inflicting condign punish- 
ment upon all other oflenders, and for the furtherance 
and propagating of the said plantation, and the more 
decent and orderly government of the inhabitants resi- 
dent there." ^^ 

A more complete delegation of the law-making power 
to a political government could not well be framed ; and 
substantially the same words are used in conferring it on 
the Legislature in the Province Charter, and in the Con- 
stitution of the Commonwealth.^^ The forms and cere- 
monies of government and magistracy necessary for the 
plantation, the chief commanders, captains, governors, 
officers, and other ministers, named in the Charter, to 
whom were intrusted full power to correct, punish, par- 
don, govern and rule all English sulijects resident in New 
England, or on the w^ay thither or from thence by sea, 
according to the nature and limits of their powers and 
offices, and to whom the authority is given to wage defen- 
sive war, were by this act clechired and appointed, and 
the Governor and Council of London's Plantation in 



22 See also Letter to Endicott, May 28, 1629. 1 Mass. Col. Rec, 396. 
«Anc. Chart., 32, 33. Const, of Mass., Ch. 1, Sec. I, Art. IV. 



266 

Massachusetts Bay in New England invested with the 
powers of the Company, under the Charter, to make such 
laws as the Company might make. 

It is also to be observed that, while the form of the 
oath to be administered to the Governor of the Company 
in England binds him to execute the statutes and ordi- 
nances made by the authority of the assistants and freemen 
of the Company, the oath to be taken by "the Governor 
beyond the sea" omits this clause, and, after stating that 
he shall support and maintain the government and Com- 
pany, declares, that "Statutes and ordinances shall you 
none make without the advice and consent of the Council 
for the government of the Massachusetts Bay in New 
England."^* This clearly refers to the Council on the 
spot, which had been appointed as a branch of the gov- 
ernment here ; and evidently contemplates that the laws, 
by which the Colony was to be governed, were to be 
enacted by Endicott and his Council. That it was the 
intention of the Company to clothe the government in 
New England with power to admit freemen is manifested 
by another clause in the Governor's oath, which states 
"you shall admit none into the freedom of this Company 
but such as claim the same by virtue of the privileges 
thereof." The oath to be administered to the Governor 
of the Company in London contains a similar clause. 
None of the powers conferred by the Charter, and essen- 
tial to the proper and efficient government of the Colony, 
seem to have been withheld. 

But it is not to be supposed that the Company in Lon- 
don intended to surrender the whole legislative authority 
to the government thus established in New England, 
without any power to restrain it, if it should exceed or 

s< 1 Mass. Col. Eec, 39, 349, 351, 399. 



267 

unwisely execute its trust. And that they might be in- 
formed of the conduct of the government here, and the 
character of the laws which it enacted, it was provided in 
the vote, which conferred the law-making power on 
Endicott and his Council, that copies of all laws should 
"from time to time be sent to the Company in London."^' 

It does not appear that the Company passed any other 
orders or laws in England for the government of the 
Colony here (except the orders for the apportionment of 
land to settlers, and for the observance of the Sabbath),^" 
or in regard to any law enacted here under Endicott ; and, 
as before stated, the language of the several letters of 
instruction is rather of suggestion than command. 

To the Governor and Council thus set up in New 
England, complete power was delegated to administer a 
political government, to make laws, to appoint officers, 
and to admit as freemen of the Company, those who 
claimed the same by virtue of its privileges ; the Company 
of course retaining in itself the power to change the 
government, appoint new officers, and repeal or change 
any laws which might be enacted. 

The right of the Company under the Charter to make 
this delegation of power cannot be disputed. On this 
point the Charter is explicit ; the clause which gives to 
chief commanders, captains, governors, and other officers 
in New England appointed by the Company, the power 
to correct, punish, pardon, govern and rule all English 
subjects there resident, clearly indicates that it was the 
intention of the Charter to authorize such delegation, and 
to establish in the persons so appointed the highest func- 
tions of government, to which is added the power to wage 



"IMass.Col. Rec.,38. 

Ml Mass. Col. Rec, 42, 363, 399. 



268 

defensive war by sea and land without order from or re- 
course to the Crown .^^ 

That this government was at the time intended to be 
permanent, there would seem to be no question. There 
is no evidence that a removal of the Company in London 
with the Charter was then considered or thought of. The 
first mention of such a project was made some months 
later by Cradock.^^ Indeed Winthrop and other persons 
of note and fortune, upon whose accession to the Com- 
pany the removal afterwards took place, were not then 
members, and had taken no part in the enterprise.^ 

We cannot fail to see, in this large grant of power to a 
subordinate government, that purpose, so soon to be more 
distinctly manifested, of establishing a state independent 
and complete in itself; owing no duty to the Crown of 
England, except so for as the Charter compelled it to pay 
one-fifth part of all precious metals found in the soil to 
the King, and forbade them to make laws repugnant to 
those of England. This was the construction put upon 
the Charter by the founders of Massachusetts, and guided 
their policy for fifty years. 

Such was the character of the government erected here. 
The records of Endicott's administration are not known 
to be in existence, and there is no direct evidence when 
he took the required oaths. But it appears from various 
sources, that he held courts, councils, and elections, 
granted lands, made laws, and regulated the civil and 
religious afiiiirs of the Colony, under his appointment by 
the Company, from the time of Higginson's arrival, until 



"1 Mass. Col. Rec, 18. 1 Hutchinson's Hist. Mass., 20, 366. 1 Chalmer's Annals, 
142. 

28 1 Mass. Col. Rec, 49. See Remai-ks by Chai-les Deane, Esq., on "The Forms 
of issuing Letters patent by the Crown of England," Mass. Hist. Soc. Proceedings, 
Dec. 1809, pp. 16Q, 179, 180. 

38 Young's Chron. of Mass., 281, 282. 



269 

he was superseded by Wiuthrop in the summer of 1630 ;^ 
indeed there is no record of any other authority exercised 
in the Colony, until the first court held by Wiuthrop in 
August of that year. 

Two events took place in Salem during Endicott's ad- 
ministration, worthy of special notice ; the establishment 
of the first church iu the Colony, and the return of the 
Brownes to England. 

The arrival of Skelton and Hisfgiuson, who were non- 
conforming ministers of the Church of England, and the 
spiritual needs of the colonists settled at Salem, led to 
the immediate organization of the first church of the Col- 
ony, which still exists as the First Church of Salem. It 
was a most important event, and determined the constitu- 
tion of all the churches of New England. 

It is not practicable here to point out all the distinc- 
tions of faith and doctrine, or to enumerate the sects 
which divided those engaged in resisting the assumptions 
and claims of the Church of England. It is sufficient to 
say that the Puritans who founded the Colony, and their 
friends who were struggling for religious freedom at 
home, were nqt separatists, but nonconformists. It was 
no new struggle ; it had divided the church during 



'"Edward Howes, in a letter to John Winthrop, Jr., dated London, March 25, 
1633, says : " There was presented to the Lords lately about twenty-two of Capt. 
Endicott's Laws," 29 Jlass. Hist. Coll., 257. 1 Mass. Col. Rec, 48, 361, 363, and 
Letters of Cradock, 386, 398. See also the learned note to the case of Commonwealth 
vs. Roxhtiry, 9 Gray (Massachusetts Reports), 450, note pp. 503, 506, 507. In the 
petition of the General Court to Parliament iu 1051, signed by Endicott and Dud- 
ley, then Governor and Deputy Governor, after alluding to their original charter, 
under which they came over " about three or four and twenty years since," they 
say: "By which Patent, liberty and power was granted to us to live under the 
government of a governor, magistrates of our own chosing, and under laws of our 
own making (not being repugnant to the laws of England), according to which 
patent we have governed ourselves above this twenty-three years." This covers 
the period from 1628 to 1651, including Endicott's first administration under the 
charter in 1629. 

1 Hutchinson's Hist, of Mass., 448. 



270 

the precediDg century, and may be traced still further 
back. 

The separatists, to which sect the Plymouth emigrants 
belonged, left the established church ; the nonconformists 
remained within the pale, contending against its prelacy, 
its ceremonies and discipline, while not objecting to its 
doctrine. In such a contest the tendency Avas constantly 
to drive the nonconformists to separatism ; and here in 
the new Avorld, distant from the church and its influences, 
it would have been strange if the Puritan had still con- 
tinued to cling to the hierarchy from Avhose persecutions 
he had fled. There was no bishop here, from Avhom could 
descend spiritual and ecclesiastical poAver upon the minis- 
ter to be installed in his holy ofiice. Neither the Com- 
pany in London nor the Governor here possessed any 
power of appointment. It must therefore come from the 
congregations, from the Christian men Avho, called of God 
to their high estate, could thus exercise the function of 
prelate and of king. Endicott doubtless reached this 
conclusion Avithout difiiculty ; he had learned from Brad- 
ford and Fuller their outward form of worship, that it 
was far difierent from the common report, and such as he 
had ahvays professed and maintained. Skelton and Hig- 
ginson, who Avere asked to give their views of the manner 
in which the minister should be called to his office, re- 
plied : there Avas a tAvofold calling, "the one an inward 
calling, Avhen the Lord moved the heart of a man to take 
that calling upon him, and fitted him Avith gifts for the 
same ; the second was an outAvard calling Avhich was from 
the people, when a company of believers are joined in 
covenant to Avalk together in all the ways of God." These 
conclusions were not reached Avithout protracted consulta- 
tion. The ceremonies that followed Avere simple and 
primitive. The members of the congregation voted for 



271 

whom they would have as pastor and teacher, and Skel- 
ton and Higginson were chosen. Four of the gravest 
members of the church hiid their hands in prayer upon 
them and they were ordained to their sacred duties. A 
covenant was afterward drawn up, and signed by the 
members, and on a hiter day the deacons and elders were 
elected, the former proceedings were affirmed, and Brad- 
ford, who was present from Plymouth, gave the right 
hand of fellowship to the new church. ^^ 

Such was the first New England ordination. At a sin- 
gle blow they had separated the organization of the 
church from the authority of the state ; but the full sig- 
nificance of the act was not appreciated by the actors in 
that memorable scene. What seem to us the necessary 
conclusions from such a step did not follow ; and doubt- 
less it did not occur to Endicott or the ministers that they 
had done anything more than recognize the right of a 
godly people in every parish to choose its minister, under 
the eye of a godly magistrate. The church was still to 
continue a part of the Puritan state ; its membership was 
for many years to be the qualification of those who were 
to make its laws and administer its authority ; and the 
conduct of its teachers, and the religious belief and prac- 
tice of its people, were to be the subject of investigation 
and correction by the temporal power. When we con- 
sider the dangers that surrounded the infant state and 
church, we cannot at this day know that their union was 
not necessary and essential to the public safety. 

Though the Puritan was in advance of his time, he was 
still subject to its influences. The idea that religion 
could be sustained, except through the aid of political 



31 Letter of (Jhas. Gott, July 30, 1629. Hubbard's Hist. N. E., 204. Morton's N. 
E. Memorial, 148. 



272 

forces, had not yet dawned upon the world at large, and 
had not then occurred to the Puritan. The experience 
too of mankind was against it. Luther would have been 
destroyed but for the aid of the Elector of Saxony ; Cal- 
vin was sheltered and protected by the Republic of Ge- 
neva. Dear to the heart of the Puritan was his religious 
faith; alone in the wilderness, surrounded by perils, God 
was very near to him, and he wanted a church to declare 
and defend His word. Dear also to him was the liberty 
of the people, and he wished to found a government that 
would regulate and protect it. That the church would 
furnish such a bulwark to the rising state, and that the state 
would find the church a source of strength and purity, 
were the natural and necessary conclusions which he 
reached in common with the current opinion of his time. 
But even in the small band of colonists there was oj^po- 
sition to the new church. The question was asked, 
whether this was a church? John and Samuel Browne, 
who were brothers and members of Endicott's Council, 
recently arrived, men of character and influence, set up a 
separate worship of their own, in conformity to the disci- 
pline and ceremonies of the Church of England ; and 
charged that the ministers "were separatists and would be 
annabaptists." A conference was held before the Gover- 
nor. Accommodation of the dispute was impossible. En- 
dicott was in no mood, at this time, and in the critical 
condition of affairs, to tolerate schism. He acted with 
his usual vio:or : findins; that the brothers were of high 
spirit, and that their speeches and practices tended to 
mutiny and faction, he told them "that New England was 
no place for such as they," and sent them back to England 
b}^ the returning ships. ^^ This act Avas not formally dis- 

»« 1 Palfrey's Hist. N. E., 29S. 



273 

approved by the Company in London, though cautious 
and politic letters were sent to Endicott and the minis- 
ters.^^ He might well have relied on the instructions in 
a previous letter, in whiSh Cradock said: "If any prove 
incorrigible, and will not be reclaimed by gentle correc- 
tion, ship such persons home by the 'Lion's Whelp,' 
rather than keep them there to infect and to be an occa- 
sion of scandal unto others.".^* 

The question thus decided was of great importance, for 
it settled the construction put upon the Charter, that the 
Company and its officers had the right to exclude from 
their chartered limits all persons whose schemes and prac- 
tices were subversive of authority, creating dissensions, 
fomenting discord and mutiny, and thereby imperilling 
the salety of the Colony. This course was afterwards 
followed, not only against those whose conduct and speech 
impaired the authority of the rulers, but against those 
guilty of crimes peculiarly infamous and dangerous to the 
young Colony. "Religious intolerance, like every other 
public restraint, is criminal, wherever it is not needful for 
the public safety ; it is simply self-defence, whenever 
tolerance would be public ruin."^^ 

The Colony was like a ship at sea, or an army on the 
march, and disalfection and mutiny in the crew, or in the 
ranks, must be summarily dealt with. The wide conti- 
nent was open to colonization, but the narrow strip of 
land called Massachusetts had been given to this people 
as their own, with power to determine who should enjoy 
and be admitted to its privileges, and upon what terms 
and conditions. It was a heavy labor they had under- 
taken, beset with danger on every side ; and only with a 



« 1 Mass. Col. Rec, 51, 407, 408. 3* 1 Mass. Col. Rec, 393. 

" 1 Palfrey's Hist. N. E., 300. 



274 

united people could the Avork be accomplished. They 
banished those only who disturbed their peace, and who 
they thought endangered their safety ; and while they 
adhered to this rule, they had the right to exercise this 
power. 

Another winter of suffering and death followed this 
new arrival of colonists. Eighty died, and the accom- 
plished and gifted Higginson contracted the fatal malady, 
which soon carried him to the grave. But in the summer 
of 1629 he had written that glowing description of New 
England and its promise, which passed through three edi- 
tions in London within a few months, awakened an intense 
interest in the new Colony, and led many to embark. 

On the other side of the water great changes had been 
made. The proposition of Cradock, that the whole gov- 
ernment with the Charter should be removed to New 
England, had been, after grave debate, adopted by the 
Company ; and a number of gentlemen of worth and for- 
tune agreed to come over with their families and cast their 
lot with the colonists;^^ Cradock Avithdrew from his office 
of Governor, and John Winthrop was chosen to succeed 
him. A Deputy Governor was elected, and eighteen 
Assistants, among whom Avas Endicott.^^ Great prepara- 
tions Avere made, and in the spring seventeen vessels 
sailed from England, bearing more than a thousand pas- 
sengers, and among them Avere Winthrop, Dudley, Salton- 
stall, and Johnson. 

The period of Endicott's administration Avas drawing 
to its close ; the year for Avhich he Avas elected was soon 
to expire. Salem was no longer to be the seat of the 
government, but merely one of the towns in the Colony 
of Avhich Boston was to be the capital. An era of pros- 

'« Young's ChroD. of Mass., 281, 282. s? i Mass. Col. Rec, 58. 



275 

perity and growth was about to dawn with the coming 
fleets of Winthrop. 

But we cannot forget the courage which held the place 
though those two memorable years of suffering and dan- 
ger, and amid sorrow, tears, and death, sent back to 
England words of hope and confidence ; a courage, not 
born of mere personal fortitude and contempt of danger, 
but inspired and sustained by a devout trust that God 
would lead His children to the promised land ; nor can we 
forget that here ihe foundation of the State was laid, in 
soil sanctified by the blood of those who perished in the 
effort. 

That our knowledge of the events of those two years 
is so imperfect must ever be a subject of regret ; though 
the student of that period is not without hope that the 
records of Endicott's government and his letters home 
may yet be found. Henceforward we move in a clearer 
light. 

On the 12th of June, 1630, Governor Winthrop, bear- 
ing the Charter, arrived at Salem, in the Arbella. He 
was cordially welcomed by Endicott, and a warm and ten- 
der friendship seems to have begun at that time, which 
lasted without a cloud while Winthrop lived. They were 
both throughout their lives in the constant service of the 
Colony, and during twenty-seven of the thirty-five years 
which followed, one or the other held the office of Gover- 
nor. Winthrop soon assumed the management of affairs. 
The great services which he rendered in developing and 
establishing the Colony, cannot well be over-estimated. 
He possessed a rare genius for government, and was ad- 
mirably trained fjr the execution of his work. It would 
require more time than we have, properly to delineate his 
character, to measure his powers, or to point out the dis- 
tinctive features of our system, for which we are indebted 



276 

to him. His name must ever stand amonsr the sfreat 
names of Massachusetts. 

During the next thirty years the Puritans had full 
opportunities to develop and mould their institutions. 
Though threatened at times with interference from Enof- 
land, they maintained their course and were practically 
independent and subject to no control by the authorities 
at home. During the first ten years Charles was too 
much occupied with his own difficulties to give much at- 
tention to this side of the Atlantic. During the second 
ten years the parliamentary struggle and the civil war 
were raging; and during the last ten there was no king 
in England. 

It was the golden age of the New England Puritans : 
and in 1660, when Charles II was restored, their great 
work was substantially done, and the system which we 
have inherited was settled on a firm and enduring basis. 
Having a government under the Charter clothed only with 
general powers, they started out with no written plans or 
constitution ; they had no theories prepared in the closet 
and based upon abstract principles. They wanted a free 
government, annually responsible to the will of the free- 
men of the Colony, in which the greatest liberty should 
exist that was compatible with order and authority ; and 
gradually it grew into symmetry and beauty, measure fol- 
lowing measure, as the hour and the exigency demanded. 

When the freemen became too numerous to meet in 
general court, town representation was established ; and 
later they adopted that great security of a constitutional 
government, a legislature of two co-ordinate branches. 
When the question arose how local authority should be 
administered and taxes levied, the system of town gov- 
ernment, substantially the same as it exists to-day, was 
created in 1636 ; and these little republics, the best 



277 

schools of selfgoveniment in the world, survived the loss 
of charters, and even in times of revolution protected the 
people and maintained order. They early understood 
that to make the government they intended to found, 
enduring and perpetual, the people must be educated, 
and they made the schools a public charge ^^ and endowed 
the college at Cambridge. The same year that the Com- 
mons of England voted^'^ to publish Lord Coke's Com- 
mentary on Magna Charta, the Massachusetts colonists 
established a code of fundamental laws, known as- The 
Body of Liberties, in which it is declared that : "The free 
fruition of such liberties, immunities and privileges, as 
humanity, civility, and Christianity call for as due to 
every man in his place and proportion without impeach- 
ment and infringement, hath ever been and ever will be 
the tranquillity and stability of Churches and Common- 
wealths."^'* To strengthen their hands at home and al)road 
they joined the Confederation of the New England Colo- 
nies, thus shadowing forth the Union of these States. 
And thus we might trace through all the laws and policy 
of the Colony the gradual growth of our institutions. 



s8At a Quarterlj' Court, Mar. 30, 1641, "Col.Eiidicott moved about the fences and 
a free school, and therefore wished a whole town meeting about it." This applied 
to Salem. Sec 1 Felt's Annals of Salem, p. 427, et seq. 

30 This was ordered May 12t!i. 1G41. 

*" Francis C. Gray, Esq., in a learned paper on the Early Laws of Massa- 
chusetts, published in 1843, says: "The Body of Liberties really established by 
them exhibits throughout the hand of the practised lawyer, familiar with the prin- 
ciples and securities of English liberty; and although it retains some strong traces 
of the times, is in the main far in advan(!e of them, and in several respects in ad- 
vance of the common law of England at this day. It shows that onr ancestors, 
instead of deducmg all their laws from the liooks of Moses, established at the out- 
set a code of fundamental principles, which, taken as a whole, for wisdom, equity, 
adai)tation to the wants of their community, and a liberality'of sentiment superior 
to the age in which it was written, may fearlessly challenge a comparison with any 
similar production, from Magna Charta itself to the latest Bill of Kiglits, that has 
been put forth in Europe or America." 8 Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll., pp. 191, 1!)!), -218. 
See also '2 Mass. Col. Bee, 212. '• The men of Massachusetts did much quote Lord 
Coke." 2 Bancroft's Hist. U. S., p. 430. 

HIST. COLL. XV 18 



278 

Throughout this period of thirty years it had been the 
constant aim of her rulers to keep Massachusetts fiee and 
untrammelled. This governed and controlled all her re- 
lations to the mother country during that time. The 
removal of the government with the Charter was probably 
prompted and executed that such a purpose might be 
carried out. When in 1635 a movement was made to 
deprive them of their Charter, hopeful of assistance doubt- 
less from their brothers in England, then nearly ready for 
open conflict with Charles, they erected fortifications in 
Boston harbor, appointed a military commission with ex- 
traordinary powders ; and to secure a supply of musket 
balls, they were made a legal tender, at a farthing apiece, 
instead of coin, the circulation of which Avas prohibited. 
And this was in substance their reply to the demand for 
their Charter. In 1647 they resisted successfully the 
riofht of Parliament to reverse the decision and control 

the government of INIassachusetts. And under the Com- 
es 

monwealth of England they kept this purpose steadily in 
view ; they successfully remonstrated against the attempt 
to impose upon them a new Charter, and to place gover- 
nors and commissioners in all English colonies in Amer- 
ica ; they did not yield to the plan of Cromwell to trans- 
fer them to Ireland to be a defence against Catholicism ; 
and would not consent to waste their strength hy trans- 
planting their people to Jamaica.*^ 

They did not compromise their independence, and 
yielded no more to the Parliament and the Protector than 
they had to the King. They expressed no formal ap- 
proval of the execution of King Charles, or of the eleva- 
tion of Cromwell or his son. They did nothing to impair 



■"Petition to Parliament in 1G51; Letter of Endicott to Cromwell in the same 
year; 1 Ilutcliinsou's ilist. of Mass., 418, 450; 2 Palfrey's Hist. N. E., SUO. 



279 

or imperil the safety of New England. To her, the child 
of their suffering, they had transferred their allegiance. 

But their hopes of independence were not to be real- 
ized. With the Restoration came a new order of things. 
The American colonies had prospered, they became ob- 
jects of interest and worthy the attention of the Crown, 
and there were those who coveted their places of honor 
or emolument. There was not the same intense spirit 
prevailing among the people, and religion was no longer 
the vital question that it had been. There Avas no Puri- 
tan party in England like that which before the Great 
Rebellion had given aid and comfort to their brothers in 
New England ; a generation had passed away ; the Puri- 
tans of Cromwell were scattered and broken ; some had 
perished on the field or the scaffold, others were in exile 
or in prison. 

Soon after the Restoration, the stru<2:£j:le be2:an in Mas- 
sachusetts to save the Charter and the government ; it 
dragged along with varying fortune through twenty weary 
years, and the final judgment was entered and the Char- 
ter annulled in 1G84. Then came the brief rule of Dud- 
ley, the tyranny of Andros, the Revolution of 1G88, the 
temporary government of Bradstreet, and the Province 
Charter of 1692 under which Massachusetts lived till our 
own Revolution. 

It Avould have been a sad experience to the Puritan 
leaders of 1628 and 1630 to have witnessed these events. 
Happily, Endicott and Winthrop and Dudley Avere spyired 
the spectacle. To them it would have seemed as if their 
children were descending into the ho\ise of bondage. 
But in the Providence which rules the affairs of men 
and states, it was but a stage of discipline and growth, 
whereby the consecrated democracy and godl}^ magistracy 
of the Puritan Colony finally bloomed into the full and 
rounded beauty of the republican Commonwealth. 



280 

The Province Charter and its royal governor did not 
destroy what the Puritan had done. Child of the century 
that preceded him, trained and educated for his great 
work, he had builded wisely and well. The town govern- 
ment and the town meeting which he had created proved 
indestructible, and the school-house, though built of logs, 
more enduring than castle or cathedral. All that was 
best in his principles of conduct and methods of govern- 
ment had passed into the life, the thought, the social 
habits of the people, and was stamped on the character 
of his posterity ; from father to son, through successive 
generations, were transmitted a love of liberty, an obedi- 
ence to law, a desire for knowledge, a reverence for 
the teacher and the teachings of religion, a faculty for 
understanding and dealing with public interests, a wise 
economy and thrift, a deep seated belief that the general 
welfiire was more desirable than private good or gain, and 
with all these a fervent love for the hills and valleys of 
New England. 

And so may it be to the end ; and may your descen- 
dants who meet here, as fifty or a hundred years go 
round, to commemorate the landing at Salem, be true 
and faithful to the memory of their fathers, and stand for 
the. liberty and truth which the Puritan taught, with the 
hazard not only of their goods, but of their lives, if need 
be. 



APPENDIX. 



Notes on the Hemarls of Henri/ Wheatland, George B. 
Loving, and Benjamin H. SiUbee. 

The persons named in these notes, with six exceptions, were mem- 
bers of the Essex Historical Society in September, 1828, when the two 
hundredth anniversary of the landing of Gov. John Endicott at Salem 
was duly commemorated. These persons were prominent citizens of 
Salem and its vicinity during the first third of the present century, 
and may be considered representative men of that period, a period 
when party and sectarian lines were very closely drawn ; and when 
fi'om the press were issued, either in the journals of the day or in a 
separate form, numerous political and controversial communications 
by some of our most learned scholars and theologians ; though difler- 
ing widely in their opinion on these and kindred subjects, they all 
united in measures for the promotion of history, literature, the arts 
and the sciences, and laid the foundations of several of the institu- 
tions that now exist, in this city, in furtherance of these objects, 
though moditied iu some of their features to conform to the spirit of 
the times. 



1. 

Joseph Story, son of Dr. Elisha and Mehitable (Pedrick) Story ; 
b. in Marbk'head, 18 Sept., 1779; gr. Harv. college, 1798; m. 9 Dec, 
1804, Mai-y Lyude, daughter of Kev. Thomas F. and Sarah (Pynchon) 
Oliver; she died 22 June, 1805; m. 2dly Sarah Waldo, daughter of 
Hon. William Wctmore. He studied law with Samuel Sevvall and 
afterwards with Samuel Putnam, and commenced the practice at 
Salem iu 1801. He soon became a lawyer of distinction ; speaker of 
the Mass. House of Representatives; Rep. U. S. Congress, 1808-9; 
from 1811 until his death Judge of the U. S. Supreme Court, a posi- 
tion in which he won great distinction as a judge and a jurist. In 
1830 he removed to Cambridge, having received the appointment of 
the Dane Professor of Law at Harvard University. He possessed 
great colloquial powers, and in early life was distinguished for his 
poetical contributions ; his juridical works were numerous and evinced 

(283) 



284 

great learning and profound views of the science of law. He died 10 
Sept., 1845. See naemoir by his sou, W. W. Story. 



Edward Augustus Holyoke, son of Rev. Edward and Margaret 
(Appletou) Holyoke, b. 1 Aug., 1728; gr. Harv. Coll., 1746; com- 
menced the practice of medicine in Salem in 1749; m. 1 June, 1755, 
Judith, daughter of Benjamin and Love (Rawlins) Pickmau; she died 
19 Nov., 1756; m. 2dly 22 Nov., 1759, Mary, daughter of Nath'i Vial, 
of Boston (b. 19 Dec, 1737; d. 15 April, 1802). He died 31 March, 
1829. See Discourse at the interment by Rev. J. Bi'azer; Memoir by 
Dr. A. L. Feirsou; Genealogy of the Holyoke Family, by Andrew 
Nichols, E. I. Hist. Coll., Vol. Ill, p. 57; Notice in E. I. Hist. Coll., 
Vol. IV, p. 273. 



Joseph Gilbert Waters, son of Capt. Joseph and Mary (Dean) 
Waters of Salem, where he was born 5 July, 1796, and a descendant 
in the sixth generation from Lawrence Waters, one of the first settlers 
of Watertown. He graduated at Harvard College in 1810 and studied 
law with John Fickering of Salem. In the autumn of 1818 he went 
to Mississippi aud resided there some two or three years in the prac- 
tice of his profession. Owing to ill health he returned to Salem, and 
opened an office, where he resided during the remainder of his life. 
He was editor of the "Salem Observer" for several years from its 
commencement, in 1823. He was appointed special Justice of the 
Salem Folice Court Sept. 1, 1831, and standing Justice Feb. 23, 1842, 
and continued to discharge the duties of this latter office until the 
establishment of the 1st District Court in 1874. In 1835 he was a 
member of the Mass. Senate. He also held other offices of honor and 
trust. Married 8 Dec, 1825, Eliza Greenleaf Townsend, daughter of 
Capt. Fenu Townsend. He died 12 July, 1878. 



Timothy Fickering, son of Timothy and Mary (Wingate) Ficker- 
ing, was born at Salem 6 July, 1745, gr. Harv. Coll. 1763, m. 8 April, 
177G. Rebecca White (daughter of Benjamin White of Boston, Mass., 
and Elizabeth Miller, of Bristol, Eng.), b. at Bristol, 18 July, 1754, d. 
at Salem, 14 Aug., 182.8. He was descended in the fifth genei-ation 
from John Fickering', who settled in Salem about 1G33, through 
John^, John^, Timothy''. He was admitted to the bar in 1768, was on 
the committee of correspondence and was a colonel of militia at the 



285 

opening of the war; joined Washington with his regiment in the fall 
of 1776, and was adjutant general of the army and afterwards quarter 
master general. After the war he settled in Philadelphia. He was a 
delegate to the Pennsylvania Convention for considering the U. S. 
Constitution, was in the cabinet of Washington and Adams, Post- 
master General 1791-1795, U. S. Sec. of War, 1795, U. S. Sec. of 
State, 1795 to 1800. In 1801 he returned to Massachusetts. U. S. 
Senator from 1803 to 1811, and from 1814 to 1817 Representative in U. 
S. Congress. In his retirement he enjoyed the respect and esteem of 
his contemporaries and devoted himself to rural pursuits. He was 
the originator aud first president of Essex Agricultural Society and 
delivered before that society several addresses. He died at Salem 29 
Jan., 1829. See Discourse on his death by C. W. Upham; also Life 
aud Letters by his son Octavius and C. W. Upham. 

5. 

Benjamin Williams Crowninshield, son of George and Mary 
(Derby) Crowninshield, b. at, Salem 27 Dec, 1772; descended from 
Dr. John Casper Richter von Cronenshilt, a German physician, who 
came from Leipsic to Boston about 1688 and died there in 1711; m. 
Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Cliflbrd) Allen of Salem ; 
owned lauds near Lynn Mineral Spring Pond. Two of his sous, John 
and Clifford, came to Salem and were successful and enterprising mer- 
chants; John married Anstiss, daughter of John aud Sarah (Manning) 
Williams, the father of George above named. 

Mr. Crowninshield, like his ancestors, was largely engaged in com- 
mercial enterprises in connection with his father and brothers under 
the name of Geoi'ge Crowninshield & Sous ; his brother, George Crown- 
inshield, the owner of the famous pleasure yacht, the "Cleopatra's 
Barge," made an excursion to the ports in the Mediterranean, re- 
turning in October, 1817. He built the large brick house ou Derby 
street, between Curtis and Orange streets, now occupied as the Old 
Women's Home. He was a member of the Mass. State Senate for 
several years; U. S. Sec. of Navy from Dec, 1814, to Nov., 1818; 
Rep. U. S. Congress 1823 to 1831 ; one of the first directors of the 
Merchant's Bank, Salem, incorporated June 26, 1811 ; m. Mary Board- 
mau, daughter of Francis and Mary (Hodges) Boardman, 1 Jan., 1804. 
He removed to Boston in 1832 aud died there Eeb. 8, 1851. 

6. SENATORS IN CONGEESS. 

Timothy Pickering, see ante. 

Nathaniel Silsbee, son of Nathaniel and Sarah (Becket) Sllsbee, 
b. at Salem 14 Jan., 1773; descended from Henry Silsbee, of Salem, 



286 

1G3D, Ipswich, 1647, Lynn, 1658, d. 1700, thronjrh Nathaniel, NathanieP, 
William'', Nathaniel^. He pursued his studies with Rev. Dr. Cutler 
of Hamilton; d. 14 July, 1850; m. 12 Dec, 1802, Mary, daugliter of 
George and Mary (Derby) Crowninshield, b. 24 Sept., 1778; d. 20 
Sept., 183.5. In early life a sliipmaster and supercargo, afterwards a 
successful and eminent merchant, A Rep. and Senator Mass. Legis., 
for three years President of the latter body; Representative U. S. 
Cong. 1817-21; Senator U. S. Cong. 1826-35. See Sermon on the 
death of Nathaniel Silsbee, by James Flint. 

RuFUS Choate, son of David and Miriam (Foster) Choate, b. at 
Ipswich (now Essex) 1 Oct., 1799; d. at Halifax, N. S., 13 July, 1859; 
gr. Dart. Coll., 1819; m. 29 Mar., 1825, Helen, daughter of Hon. Mills 
Olcutt of Hanover, N. H. ; Tutor at Dartmouth 1819-20; read law at 
Harv. Univ. Law School, also with David Cummins of Salem and with 
U. S. Att'y Gen. William Wirt; he commenced practice in Danvers; a 
considerable portion of the period before his removal to Boston in 
1834 was passed in Salem ; a member of Mass. House and Senate ; 
Rep. U. S. Cong. 1832-4; Senator U. S. Cong. 1841-5; a man of splen- 
did and brilliant talents, who early distinguished himself as an advo- 
cate at the bar and an eloquent speaker in tlie Halls of Congress, on 
the lecture platform, and on other occasions. 



7. KEPRESEITTATIVES IN CONGRESS. 

Joseph Stort, see ante. 

Benjamin Pickman, son of Benjamin and Mary (Toppau) Picl^man, 
b.at Salem 30 Sept., 1763; descended from Nathaniel Pickman, who 
came from Bristol, England, with his family, In 1661 and settled in 
Salem, through Benjamin- (b. in Bristol, 1645, m. Elizabeth Hardy, d. 
Dec, 1708), Capt. Benjamiu^, Col. Benjamin*, and Col. Benjamin*; 
pursued his preparatory studies at Dummer Academy, then under the 
charge of the celebrated "Master Moody;" gr. Harv. Coll. 1784; m. 
20 Oct., 1789, Austiss, youngest daughter of Elias Hasket and Elisa- 
beth (Crowninshield) Derby (b. 6 Oct., 1709; d. 1 June, 1836); stu- 
died law with Theophilus Parsons (Harv. Coll., 1769) then residing 
in Newburyport, and afterwards Chief Justice of Mass. Sup. Court; 
admitted to the bar; soon relinquished the practice of the profession 
and engaged in commercial pursuits, in which he continued during the 
greater part of his life; a Rep. and Senator of Mass. Legislature; 
member of Mass. Constitutional Convention, 1820; member of the 
Executive Council of Mass; Rep. U. S. Cong. 1809-11; he was Presi- 
dent of the Directors of the Theological School at Cambridge, and 
also President of the principal literary and historical and other insti- 



287 

tutions of Salem and vicinity; died at Salem 16 Aug., 1843. See Dis- 
course on his death, by Rev. John Brazer. 

William Reed, son of Benjamin Tyler and Mary Appleton (Dodije) 
Reed, bapt. 9 June, 1776; m. 13 Nov., 1800; Hannah, daughter of Rob- 
ert aud Mary (Ingalls) Hooper of Marblehead (b. Aug., 1778; d. 16 
May, 1855) ; the first ancestor was William, son of Richard Reed of 
Whittlesey in the county of Kent, who came to America about 1630, 
settled first at Weymouth, then removed to Boston ; Samuel^, SamueP 
of Marblehead, Samuel"*, SamueP, Benjamin Tyler^ above named; an 
eminent merchant in Marblehead, and highly esteemed for his benevo- 
lent and religious character; Rep. U. S. Cong. 1811-15; President of 
Sabbath School Union of Mass., of Am. Tract Society; au officer and 
member of many other educational and religious organizations. He 
was so deeply interested in the cause of temperance that he was styled 
the "Apostle of Temperance." He died suddenly, 18 Feb., 1837. His 
widow, who survived several years, was always engaged in works of 
charity, and was regarded as a most accomplished lady and eniiueut 
Christian. 

Daniel Appleton White, son of John and Elizabeth (Haynes) 
White, b. at Methueu, 7 June, 1776; gr. Harv. Coll., 1797; Tutor in 
Harvard; studied law with Samuel Putnam, at Salem, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar 26 June, 1804; commenced practice in Newburyport; 
24 May, 1807, m. Mrs. Mary Van Schalkwyck, daughter of Dr. Josiah 
Wilder of Lancaster, Mass.; senatoi.' Mass. Legis., 1810-15; elected 
Eep. U. S. Congress in Nov., 1814; before he took his seat, he ac- 
cepted the appointment to the office of Judge of Probate for the 
county of Essex, and resigned his commission of representative lu 
the spring of 1815. Jan. 3, 1817, he removed to Salem, where he 
passed the remainder of his life ; continuing to fill the office of Judge 
of Probate, with uncommon ability, until he resigned the situation in 
the summer of 1853. His vast literary resources were always at the 
command of his friends and the public, and he was always a patron 
of every good enterprise which tendered to foster the highest inter- 
ests of the community; one of the founders of the Divinity School 
at Cambridge ; an overseer of Harv. Coll. from 1842 to 1853 ; founder 
of the Lyceum at Salem, President of Salem Athenaeum and also of 
the Essex Institute, etc. 

His wife died 29 June, 1811; m. 2d, 1 Aug., 1819, Mrs. Eliza Wet- 
more, daughter of William and Abigail (Ropes) Orne of Salem ; she 
died 27 Mar., 1821; and he m. 3d, 22 Jan., 1824, Mrs. Ruth Rogers, 
daughter of Joseph Hard, of Charlestown; she survived him. He 
died in Salem 30 Mar., 1861, aged 84 years. See memoir by G. W. 



288 

Briggs in Hist. Coll. Essex Inst., Vol. VI, p. 1 ; Memoir by Rev. Dr. 
Walker in Proceedings of Mass. Hist. So#. ; also a notice in E. I. 
Hist. Coll., Vol. IV, p. 104. 

Timothy Pickering, see ante. Nathaniel Silsbee, see ante. 

Gideon Barstow, sou of Gideon and Anna (Mead) Barstow, b. at 
Mattapoiset, 7 Sept., 1783; d. in St. Augustine, Fla., where he had 
gone for the benefit of his health, 2G Mar., 1852; m. Nancy, daughter 
of Simon and Ilachel (Hathorne) Forrester, who is now residing in 
Boston. He descended in the sixth genei'ation from William Barstow, 
who, at the age of twenty-three, embarked for New England with his 
brother George in the "True Love," John Gibbs, master, probably 
from the West Riding in Yorkshire ; he was in Dedham in 163G, a free- 
man in Scituate in lC-t9, and the first settler in the present territory of 
Hanover; a noted man of his day and a great land-holder; d. in 1668, 
aged 56; through William'', Benjamin^, Gideon'', Gideon^. Three or 
four of the later generations lived in Mattapoiset and were largely 
engaged in ship building. He fii'st settled in Salem as a practising 
physician, where he was considered skilful in his profession and atten- 
tive to its duties; afterwards a merchant engaged in foreign com- 
merce ; a member of both branches of Mass. Legis. ; a representative 
in U. S. Congress, 1821-3. 

Benjamin W. Crowninshield, see ante. Rufus Choate, see ante. 

Gayton Pickman Osgood, son of Isaac and Rebecca T. (Pickman) 
Osgood; b. in Salem, 4 July, 1797; removed with his parents in early 
life to Andover, which was afterwards his place of al)ode ; gr. Harv. 
Coll., 1815; studied law with Benjamin Merrill of Salem, where he 
began the practice of the profession ; soon after returned to North 
Andover. He lived a retired life, and his range of study and reading 
was very extensive. Several times elected a Rep. Mass. Legis. ; Rep. 
U. S. Cong, one term, 1833-35; m. 24 Mar., 1859, Mary Faruhara of 
North Andover. He died 26 June, 1861, aged 64 years. 

Stephen Clarendon Phillips, only child of Stephen and Dorcas 
(Woodbridge) Phillips; b. at Salem 4 Nov., 1801; gr. Harv. Coll., 
1819 ; a descendant from Rev. George Phillips, first minister of Water- 
town, who came over in the "Arbella," with Gov. Winthrop, Sir R. 
Saltonstall and others (d. 1 July, 1644, aged about 51), through Jona- 
than^, Jonathan^, Stephen,'' and Stephen*. After leaving college he 
commenced the study of the law, but soon relinquished it and entered 
upon mercantile business, and was for many years an eminent and 
successful merchant. Member of both branches of Mass. Legislature ; 
in 1834 elected a Rep. U. S. Cong. ; resigned in 1838 ; mayor of Salem 



289 

from 1838 to 1842; a Presidential Elector in 1840; Member of Mass. 
State Bd. of Education, 1843-52 ; Trustee of Mass. State Lunatic Hos- 
pital, 1844 to 1850; president of several local organizations. In 1848 
he left tlie Whig party and engaged actively in the Free Soil move- 
ment, and was the candidate of that party for Governor. He had a 
soul for great enterprises and was a liberal and public spirited mem- 
ber of society. He m. 1st, 7 Nov., 1822, June Appleton, daughter of 
Willai'd and Margaret (Appleton) Peele; she d. 19 Dec, 1837, and he 
m. 2dly, 3 Sept., 1838, Margai-et M., sister of his fli'st wife. He was 
lost by the burning of the steamboat "Montreal" on the passage from 
Quebec to Montreal, 26 June, 1857. 

Leverett Saltonstall, son of Nathaniel and Anna (White) Salton- 
stall; b. at Haverhill, Mass., 13 June, 1783; gr. Harv. Coll., 1802; m. 
7 Mar., 1811, Mary Elisabeth, daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth 
(Elkins) Sanders (who d. 11 Jan., 1858, aged 70 years) ; d. 8 May, 1845 ; 
a descendant of Sir Richard Saltonstall, an associate of Mass. Bay 
Company, 1st assistant, commenced the first settlement of AVatertowu 
in 1G30, through Richard^, Nathaniel^, Richard'', Richard-", and Nathan- 
iel®. He commenced the practice of law in 1805 at Salem and soon 
became eminent in the profession and acquired a large and profitable 
business. Rep. Mass. Legis. ; Pres. Mass. Senate; Rep. U. S. Cong., 
1838-1843; first Mayor of Salem; President of Essex Agricultural 
Society, Vice President of Essex Historical Society, and was associ- 
ated with other Institutions having for their objects the advancement 
of the best interests of society. He was respected and belovedHiy 
the whole community and often placed in offices of honor and trust 
by his fellow citizens. See Discourse on his life and character by Rev. 
John Brazer. 

Daniel Putnam King, son of Daniel and Phebe (Upton) King, Avas 
born in Dauvers (now Pcabody) 8 Jan., 1801; gr. Harv. Coll. 1823; 
probably a descendant of William King, who sailed from London to 
Salem in the "Abigail," July 1, 1(335, a freeman in 1G3G, d. about 1G51 ; 
through Samuel^, who removed to Southold, L. I., SamueP, Zacha- 
riah'', ZachariahS Daniel®. He m. 5 Feb., 1824, Sarah P., only child of 
Hezekiah and Sally (Putnam) Flint. He theu commenced the cultiva- 
tion of the farm that for centuries had belonged to his wife's family 
and devoted himself to agriculture. He had been speaker of the 
Mass. House of Rep. aud President of Mass. Senate ; Rep. U. S. Cong, 
from 1843 to his death, which occurred 25 July, 1850. He had been 
for several years, successively Secretary, Trustee and Vice President 
of the Essex Agricultural Society and was also interested in several 
of the county aud local organizations. He had delivered several oc- 
casional discourses that have been printed. His devotion as a public 



290 

servant, his integrity as a private citizen, and the high moral and relig- 
ious character wliicli he sustained in all the relations of life had en- 
deared him not only to his immediate constituents, but to the whole 
people of Massachusetts. 

Hknry James Duncan was of Scotch Irish descent; his gr. grand- 
father, George Duncan, was one of the Colony that came from Lon- 
donderry, Ireland, and settled in Londonderry, N. H., in 1719; he 
was a man of education, a justice of the peace, and an elder in the 
church; James^, the youngest child, removed to Haverhill and died 
there in 1838, aged 92; and James^, who m. Rebecca White, and died 
5 Jan., 1822, aged G2, was the father of the subject of this notice. 
Born at Haverhill, 5 Dec, 1793; gr. Harv. Coll. 1812; studied law, first 
in the office of Hon. John Varnum of Haverhill, afterwards with his 
cousin, L. Saltonstall of Salem; admitted to the Essex Bar in 1815; 
entered upon practice at Haverhill ; passed through the various grades 
of militia service to the rank of colonel; was a Trustee and President 
of Essex Agricultural Society; member of both branches of Mass. 
Legislature and also of the Council; in 1838 one of the Commissioners 
of Insolvency; in 1841 one of the Commissioners of U. S. Bankrupt 
Law; Rep. U. S. Congress 18-19 to 1853. He took a leading interest in 
the municipal affairs of his native town, and also in the benevolent 
institutions of the Baptist denomination and was frequently elected 
the presiding officer of their meetings and conventions. He married, 
28 June, 1826, Mary, daughter of Benjamin Willis, Esq., of Boston. 
He died at his residence in Haverhill, 8 Feb., 18G9. 

CiiAiu.ES Wentwoiith Upiiam, son of Hon. Joshua and Mary Chand- 
ler Upham, formerly of Massachusetts, and a graduate of Harvard in 
the class of 17G3; b. at St. Johns, N. B., 4 May, 1802; gr. Harv. Coll., 
1821, and of the Theol. School, Cambridge, 1824; ord. 8 Dec, 1824, 
colleague with Rev. Dr. Prince of the First Church, Salem; resigned 
his pastoral office in Dec.^ 1844; was soon called into public life; Rep. 
and Senator in Mass. Legis. and President of the latter body; Rep. U. 
S. Cong , 1858-5 ; Mayor of the city of Salem ; author of Letters on 
the Logos, 1828, Lectures on Witchcraft, 1831, Salem Witchcraft, 
in 2 vols., 8vo, 1867, Life of T. Pickering and other works, and several 
orations and pamphlets; ni. 29 Mar., 1826, Ann Susan, daughter of 
Rev. Dr. Abiel Holmes, of Cambridge, who died, Thursday, Apr. 5, 
1877, aged 72 yrs., 10 mos. and 20. days. He died 15 June, 1875, two 
days preceding the general and enthusiastic celebration of the Battle 
of Bunker Hill. See Memoir I)y G. E. Ellis, sermon by J. T. llewes. 

8. 
Joseph Sroiiv, Justice of U. S. Sup. Judic Court. See ante. 



291 



Samuel ParxAM, son of Gideon and Hannah Putnam ; b. in Danvers 
13 April, 1768; studied in tlie Academy at Andover; gr. Ilarv. Coll. 
1787; went to Newburyport and studied law with Hon. Theophilus 
Bradbury, a sound and learned lawyer; established himself in the 
practice of the profession, soon very extensive, at Salem. He took 
a decided and ardent part in the political questions of the time and 
adhered with great conservative firmness and inflexibility to his prin- 
ciples. In 1814, upon the death of Judge Sewall, he was appointed, 
by Gov. Strong, Justice of the Mass. Supreme Court, and continued 
to perform the duties until his retirement in 1842, a period of twenty- 
eight years. In 1825 he received from Harvard the degree of LL.D. 
He had repeatedly represented, in both branches of the Legislature, 
his section of the State. He m. 28 Oct., 1795, Sarah, daughter of 
John and Lois (Pickering) GooU (b. 28 Nov., 1772, at Salem; d. at 
Boston, 22 Nov., 1861). The family removed from Salem to Boston 
about 1833. He died at Somerville, 3 July, 1853. 

A descendant of John Putnam, through Nathaniel-, Benjamin^, 
Nathaniel*, and Gideon*, who came from Buckinghamshire in Eng- 
land and settled in Salem in 1631; his wife's name was Priscilla, by 
whom he had three sous, Thomas, Nathaniel, and John. About the 
year 1640, they took up several tracts of land in Salem Village (now 
Danvers) where they lived and died, tillers of the soil. John, Sen., 
and John, Jr., owned the farms now or recently owned by James B. 
Putnam and William A. Lander. Thomas's patrimony was the farms 
now or recently owned by Daniel and Jesse Putnam, and the house 
now occupied by some of the family of Daniel Putnam is the house in 
wliich Gen. Israel Putnam was born. Nathaniel Putnam's place was 
the farm until recently owned by Hon. Samuel Putnam. These lands 
have been owned and occupied by one or more of the respective de- 
scendants of these original settlers. 

10. 
Daniel Appleton White, Judge of Probate for Essex. See ante. 

11. liA^WYERS. 

Nathan Dane, son of Daniel and Abigail (Burnham) Dane, of 
Ipswich, b. in Ipswich 29 Dec, 1752; gr. Harv. Coll., 1778. After 
leaving college he taught school in Beverly, at the same time pursuing 
his legal studies with William Wetmore, Esq., of Salem. In 1782 he 
commenced the practice in Salem, but soon removed to BOveiiy and 
came into a lucrative and extensive business ; a delegate from Mass. 



292 

to the Continental Congress, 1785-88; framer of the celebrated ordi- 
nance of 1787; author of the Abridgment and Digest of American 
Law; established a professorship of law in Harv. Univ. ; d. at Beverl)'-, 
Feb. 15, 1835; his wife Polly d. 14 Apr., 1840, aged 90. See N. E. 
Hist. Gen. Reg., VIII, U% for "A Pedigree of Dane; Quincy's Hist, 
of Harv. Univ., II, 375; Stone's History of Beverly, 135; E. I. Hist. 
Coll., IV, 279. 

Samuel Putnam, see ante. Daniel Appleton White, see ante. 

ICHABOD Tucker, son of Benjamin and Martha (Davis) Tucker, b. 
at Leicester, Mass., April 17, 1765; gr. Harv. Coll. 1791; m. Sept. 16, 
1798, Maria, daughter of Dr. Joseph and Mary (Leavitt) Orne (b. Nov. 
13, 1775; d. Dec. U, 1806); m. 2dly, Oct. 13, 1811, Esther Orne, 
widow of Joseph Cabot and daughter of Dr. William and Lois (Orne) 
Paine of Salem and Worcester (b. Aug. 29, 1774, d. Jan. 29,' 1854). 
He commenced the pi'actice of law in Haverhill, and afterwards re- 
moved to Salem; clerk of the courts for Essex upwards of thirty 
years; d. at Salem, Oct. 22, 1846. 

He was President of the Essex Historical Society and also of the 
Salem Athenaeum, and was always interested in Historical and Liter- 
ary Institutions; a member of Mass. Hist. Society, Am. Antiq. Soci- 
ety, etc. See E. I. Hist. Coll., IV, 280. 

John Pickering, son of Timothy and Rebecca (White) Pickering, 
b. at Salem 7 Feb., 1777; gr. Harv. Coll., 1796; m. Sarah, daughter of 
Isaac and Sarah (Leavitt) White (d. at Salem, aged 69, 14 Dec, 1846). 
He began the study of the law in Pliiladelphia, with Mr. Tilghman, 
afterwards Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Penn. After spend- 
ing several years at Lisbon and London connected with the U. S. 
Legation in those cities, he I'eturned to Salem and resumed the study 
under the direction of Hon. Samuel Putnam. He commenced the 
practice of the profession in Salem, and in 1829 he removed to Boston 
and was soon appointed City Solicitor. He was widely known for his 
writings on philological subjects, and as a lawyer he ranked high in 
the consideration of the community. He was president of the Amer- 
ican Academy of Arts and Sciences, a member of the American Phil- 
osophical Society and various other literary and learned societies, both 
at liome and abroad. He died at liis residence in Boston, 5 May, 1846. 
See Memoir by W. H. Prescott, Mass. Hist. Coll., 3d Ser., X, 204; 
White's Eulogy before Am. Acad. Sci., on Oct. 26, 1846. 

Joseph StopvY, see ante. Leverett Saltonstall, see ante. 

Ben.tamin Merrill, b. at Conway, N. II., 13 March, 1784. His 
father, Thomas Merrill, was a son of John and Lydia (Haynes) Mer- 



293 

rill, of Haverhill, was one of the first settlers of Conway, and died in 
1788, aged 66. His mother, a descendant of George Abbot, one of the 
early settlers in Andover, was Elizabeth, daughter of Benjamin and 
Abigail (Abbot) Abbot of Andover (b. 8 Nov., 1738, d. 12 Oct., 1787). 
He was prepared for college at Phillips (Exeter) Academy, under 
that eminent instructor, the venerable Dr. Benjamin Abbot, and was 
well grounded in classical learning; gr. Harv. Coll. in ISOi, and studied 
law successively with William Stedman, of Lancaster, and Francis D. 
Dana, of Boston. He first opened his office in Marlboro', but within a 
year removed to Lynn, and not long after established himself in 
Salem, where he passed the residue of his life. Eor four or five years 
he was connected in professional business with the Hon. Samuel Put- 
nam, until the latter was raised to the bench of the Supreme Judicial 
Court. He attained a high standing in his profession, though making 
no pretensions to forensic eloquence and- avoiding all public display. 
His sound judgment, legal ability, sagacity, and learning inspired 
universal confidence and gained for him an ample professional income 
and an undying good name. He freely imparted his extensive learn- 
ing and various knowledge to all, whether upon consultation, in casual 
conversation, or in the journals of the day. The pages of the Salem 
Gazette contain many portraits from his pen of worthy and excellent 
characters. He died at Salem, 30 July, 1847, unmarried. See Salem 
Gazette, Aug. 3, 1847. 

Joseph E. Sprague, eldest son of William and Sai'ah (Sprague) 
Stearns, b. at Salem 9 Sept., 1782; gr. Harv. Coll., 1804; soon after 
graduation he took the name of Sprague, to which family his mother 
belonged. A member of the Essex Bar; Postmaster of Salem from 
1815 to 1829 ; in September, 1830, was appointed high sherifl' of Es- 
sex, and remained in office until his commission expired, about nine 
months before his death, which took place 22 Feb., 1852. He had 
been Rep. and Scnat. Mass. Legis. and had held other offices of trust 
and honor. He m. 1st Elizabeth, 2d Sarah L., daughters of Hon. 
Bailey Bartlett of Haverhill. 

Mr. Sprague and Mr. Benjamin Merrill were classmates, and though 
sometimes opposed in politics, were united, not only by their academi- 
cal career, but by many circumstances of their times. They not only 
took a deep interest in public afl"airs, but labored with disinterested 
zeal and constancy to enlighten the people, through the local press. 
For more than forty years the columns of the Salem Register have 
been enriched by articles from the pen of Mr. Sprague, which have 
often attracted notice throughout the Union. The same service with 
equal effect during the same period was rendered by the pen of Mr. 
Merrill to the Salem Gazette. The names of J. E. Sprague and B. 

HIST. COLL. XV 19 



294 

Merrill are identified with these two journals and will long be held in 
grateful remembrance. See Salem Register, Thursday, Feb. 26, 1852. 

John Glen King, second son of James and Judith (Norris) King, 
b. in Salem 19 Mar., 1787 ; member of the class that graduated at Harv. 
Coll. in 1807 ; a descendant of William King, who sailed from London 
to Salem in the "Abigail," 1 July, 1635, a freeman in 1G3G, d. about 
1651 ; through John^ Samuel^, John*, James' ; studied law with Hon. 
Wm. Prescott and Hon. Judge Story ; began the practice in Salem, 
where he continued during the remainder of his life. He attained an 
emiuent rank as a wise and learned counsellor, and was considered 
one of the leading members of the Essex bar. He loved the quiet of 
the study more than the contests of the forum, and had not been 
known as a pleader. Rep. and Senator in Mass. Legislature ; tlie first 
President of the Common Council of Salem; for many years a Com- 
missioner of Insolvency, and held that oflice at the time of his death. 
He was one of the founders of the Essex Historical Society, and from 
1822 until his decease was elected successively a trustee, correspond- 
ing secretary, or vice president of that society and after the union a 
vice president of the Essex Institute; for twenty-three years of that 
time he performed very acceptably the duties of corresponding secre- 
tary of the first named society. 

He was a ripe scholar and enjoyed the pursuits of literature, espe- 
cially the ancient classics. His love of books amounted almost to a 
passion, and his choice and well selected library was his solace 
through many a year of sufleriug. He married, 10 Nov., 1815, Susan 
H., daughter of Major Frederick and A. H. Oilman, of Gloucester. 
He died 26 July, 1857. 

David Cummins, son of David and Mehitable (Cave) Cummins, b. 
at Topsfield li Aug., 1785; gr. Dart. 18*06; read law with Hon. S. Put- 
nam ; began the practice in Salem in 1809 ; removed after many years 
to Springfield, thence to Dorchester, where he died, 30 Mar., 1855; 
Judge of Mass. C. C. P. from 1828 to his death; m. 1st, 13 Aug., 1812, 
Sally, daughter of Daniel and Sarah (Peabody) Porter of Topsfield 
(b. Apr. 1, 1786; d. Feb., 1814) ; 2nd, Aug., 1815, Catherine, daughter 
of Hon. Thomas Kittredge of Andover, who died July, 1S24, aged 3-1; 
8d, Maria Franklin, sister of his 2d wife, who died 29 Jan., 1873, aged 
80 years. He was a man of strong powers and prominent at the bar, 
and is well remembered for his ardent natural eloquence iit public 
meetings and in addresses to juries. 

RuFUS Choate, see ante. 

Fkederick Howes, son of Anthony and Betliia Howes, b. at Dennis 
in 1782; m. Elizabeth, daughter of William and Susan Barley of Bev- 



295 

erly; commenced the practice of the law in Salem, residing, however, 
some time in Danvers and representing that town in the Legislature; 
returned to Salem and was, for several 5'ears, President of the Salem 
Marine Insurance Company ; he was for many years an officer of the 
Salem Athenseum ; and a trustee 182-1-1:8, and treasurer, 1831-18, of the 
Essex Historijcal Society; d. at Salem 12 Nov., 1855. 

John Walsh, b. at Newburyport 23 July, 1794 ; d. at St. Louis, JMo., 
3 Dec, 1845; unmarried. His father, Michael Walsh, was the author 
of the "Mercantile Arithmetic," which for many years in the early 
part of this century was the standard text book on this subject in all 
our schools; he was born near Waterford, Tipperary Co., Ireland, in 
1763, and was the son of Thomas and Nancy (AValley) Walsh ; he 
came to this country in 1782 and soon after his arrival formed an ac- 
quaintance with Mr. Joseph Page of Salisbury, who invited liim to 
teach the school in that town ; he continued in that vocation either 
in that place or in Newburyport during the greater part of hi^ life, and 
soon became well known and celebrated as a teacher; some of his 
scholars, as Joseph Story, Caleb Cushing and others, have acquired a 
national reputation ; Harvard College conferred upon him the honor- 
ary degree of A. M. ; he died 20 August, 1840. His mother was 
Hannah, daughter of Joseph Page of Salisbury; she died 18 June, 
1803, aged 38 years. Under the tuition of his father he was prepared 
to enter Harv. Coll., where he graduated in 1814. He studied law and 
was admitted to the Essex Bar. He had an office in Salem and also 
in Danvers, and for three years, 1821-4, had the charge of a private 
school for boys, located on Chestnut and Green streets, Salem. He 
was considered a thorough scholar and was the author of several re- 
views and biographical sketches. 

Gayton Pickman Osgood, see ante. Joseph G. Waters, see ante. 

Ebknezer Shillabeu, son of Ebenezer and Dorcas (Endicott) Shil- 
laber, b. at Salem, July 8, 1797; gr. Bowd. Coll., ISIG; studied law 
with Hon. L. Saltonstall at Salem. He first opened an office in New- 
buryport; after a few years removed to Salem: Clerk of the Courts of 
Essex County from 1841 to 1851; d. at Biddeford, Me., 8 Nov., 185fi, 
set. 59 yrs., 4 mos. ; unmarried. 

AsAHEL Huntington, son of Rev. Asahel and Alethea (Lord) Hunt- 
ington, b. at Topsfield 23 July, 1798; pursued his preparatory studies 
at Phillips (Andover) Academy; gr. Yale Coll. 1819; commenced the 
study of the law in the office of John Scott, Esq., at Newburyport, and 
afterwards removed to Salem and finished his studies in the office of 
Hon. D. Cummins. In March, 1824, he was admitted to the Essex 



296 

bar and commenced the practice in Salem, where he spent the remain- 
der of his life. He was attorney for the connty of Essex and attorney 
for the district of Essex and Middlesex. In 1851 he was appointed 
Clerk of the Courts for the county of Essex, and continued to perform 
the duties of that office till his death, either by appointment or elec- 
tion. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1853; 
Mayor of Salem 1853; one of the Trustees of Dummer Academy, Di- 
rector and President of the Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company ; Presi- 
dent of the Essex Institute 1861-5. He was from first to last a con- 
sistent, unwavering, and judicious friend of the temperance cause, 
and also interested in other movements for the improvement of soci- 
ety. He married, 25 Aug., 1842.' in Boston, Mrs. Caroline Louisa 
(Deblois) Tucker. He died 5 September, 1870. See Memoir by 0. P. 
Lord, Hist. Coll. Essex Inst., vol. XI, page 81; Huntington Family 
Memoir, p. 213. 

Stephen Palfray Webb, son of Capt. Stephen and Mrs. Sarah 
(Putnam) Palfray Webb, b. at Salem 20 Mar., 1804; gr. Harv. Coll. 
1824 ; pursued his studies with Hon. John Glen King and was admitted 
to the Essex Bar, and practised the profession in Salem. Rep. and 
Senator of Mass. Legis. ; Mayor of Salem 1842-3-4; went to San 
Francisco, Cal., about 1853, and resided there some three or four 
years, and was elected Mayor of that city for the municipal year 
1854-5; after his return to Salem he was re-elected Mayor for 1860- 
1-2, and elected City Clerk for 1863-70; m. 26 May, 1834, Hannah 
Hunt Beckford Robinson, daughter of Nathan and Eunice (Beckford) 
Robinson, b. 9 June, 1805. He resides in Brookline, Mass. 

12, CLERICAL. 

Rev. John Prince, son of John and Esther Prince of Boston, b. 22 
July, 1751; gr. Harv. Coll. 1776; studied divinity with Rev. S. Wil- 
liams of Bradford ; ord. at Salem 10 Nov., 1779, over the First Church 
and continued his connection until his decease, which occurred 7 June, 
1836; at an early age he communicated to the scientific world his 
improved construction of the air pump, and continued his labors as a 
philosophical mechanician to a very advanced age. He was eminently 
learned in almost every department of natural philosophy and he took 
pleasure in contributing to the difl'usion of useful instruction in a 
great variety of ingenious methods. He was also a learned theologian 
and was very conversant with the history of the opinions of the 
church; he received the degree of LL.D. from Brown Univ., and was 
enrolled among the associates of several learned and philosophical 
societies of the country. He m. Mary, daughter of James Bayley 



297 

of Boston, -who died 4 Dec, 1806, aged 52; m., 2dly, 27 Nov., 1816, 
Mill}', the widow of Jonathan Waldo, and daughter of John and Phebe 
(Guild) Messinger of Wrentham, Mass. See Upham's Discourse at 
the funeral, June 9, 1836 ; Upham's Memoir in Sillimans's Am. Journ. 
Sci., vol. XXXI, p. 201; Hist. Coll. Essex Inst., vol. IV, p. 272. 

Rev. Bkown Emersox, D.D., son of John and Catherine (Eaton) 
Emerson, b. at Ashby, Mass., 8 Jan., 1778; gr. Dart. Coll., 1802; stu- 
died divinity with Rev. Reed Page of Hancock; ordained colleague 
pastor of the South Cougregatioaal Church in Salem 20 Apr., 1805, 
and continued in that relation, or that of pastor, during a long life, 
universally esteemed ; several of his discourses have been printed ; 
his Alma Mater in 1835 conferred upon him the degree of D.D. ; m. 
29 Oct., 1806, Mary, daughter of Rev. Daniel Hopkins, who survived 
until 4 April, 1866, sustaining the happiest married relations for a 
period of nearly sixty years. He died on Thursday evening, 25 July, 
1872. 

Rev. Lucius Bolles, sixth son of Rev. David and Susanna (Moore) 
Bolles; b. at Ashford, Conn., 25 Sept., 1779; gr. at Brown Univ., 
1801 ; studied theology Avith Rev. Dr. Samuel Stillman of Boston ; 
ordained pastor of the First Baptist Church, Salem, Mass., 9 Jan., 
1805 ; in June, 1826, he was appointed Corr. Seci'etary of the American 
Baptist Board of Foreign Missions, but continued to discharge the 
duties of senior pastor iu Salem until 6 Aug., 1834, He married, 8 
Sept., 1805, his cousin Lydia, daughter of Deacon John and Lydia 
(Taber) Bolles of Hartford, Conn. (b. 20 Oct., 1784; d. 20 June, 1851). 
He died in Boston, Mass., 5 Jan., 1844. He was the sixth generation 
from Joseph Bolles, the first emigrant who was engaged in trade at 
Winter Harbor, in the year 1640, afterwards removed to Wells, Me., 
where he held the office of town clerk from 1654 to 1664, died at Wells 
in the autumn of 1678; through Thomas^, John'', Enoch*, David^. He 
was the highly esteemed pastor of the church in Salem and the senior 
and much respected Secretary of the Board. No man of his denomi- 
nation occupied a more prominent position or exercised an influence 
more strong and universal. 

Rev. John Brazer, D.D., son of Samuel Brazer of Worcester, 
Mass., b. in that place 21 Sept., 1789; gr. Harv. Coll. iu 1813; tutor in 
Greek 1815-17, and Prof, of Latin, 1817-20; ordained over the North 
Church in Salem 14 Nov., 1820, and continued the pastor until his 
death, which took place at the plantation of his true friend. Dr. Huger, 
on Cooper River, near Charleston, S. C, 26 Feb. 1846, whither he had 
gone for the benefit of his health. He married 19 April, 1821, Annie 
Warren Sever, daughter of William and Sarah (Warren) Sever of 



298 

Worcester. She died in Salem 30 Jan., 1843, aged 54. He was a fine 
classical scholar, of great attainments, and a writer of great purity of 
style. Many of his occasional discourses have been printed. 

Rev. James Flint, D.D., b. at North Reading, 10 Dec, 1779, son of 
James and Mary (Hart) Flint, gr. Harv. Coll., 1802; spent a few years 
in teaching, then studied divinity with Rev. Joshua Bates of Dedhara; 
ord. 29 Oct., 180G, over the First Church and Society in East Bridge- 
water; installed over the East Church in Salem 19 Sept., 1821, and 
continued to be the pastor until the installation of his colleague. Rev. 
Dexter Clapp, 17 Dec, 1851 ; m. Oct., 1805, Lydia Harriet Deblois ; d. 
in Salem 4 Mar., 1855. He soon acquired the reputation of a highly 
attractive preacher, which he sustained to the last of his public ser- 
vices. He was a person of extensive culture, a fine classical scholar 
and some of his occasional poetic pieces will long be remembered. 
See Discourse on his death, by Rev. Dexter Clapp ; Salem Gazette, 
Mar. 6, 1855. 

Rev. Joseph Barlow Felt, b. at Salem 22 Dec, 1789, son of Capt. 
John and Elizabeth (Curtis) Felt; gr. Dai't. Coll. 1813; studied divin- 
ity with Rev. Dr. Worcester of Salem; settled in the ministry at Sha- 
ron, from 19 Dec, 1821, to 19 Apr., 1824, and also at Hamilton, as 
successor of Rev. Manasseh Cutler, LL.D., from 16 June, 1824, to 4 
Dec, 1833, when owing to ill health he dissolved his pastoral relations 
with that church. In 1834 he removed to Boston, where he engaged 
in his congenial pursuits of the antiquary and historian; librarian of 
Mass. Historical Society; a commissioner to arrange the ancient 
papers in the State Archives; secretary and librarian of the Congre- 
gational Library Association; president of New Eng. Hist. Gen. Soci- 
ety for 1850-1-2. In June, 1861, he removed to Salem, where he spent 
the remainder of his life. In 1857 Dart. College conferred upon hini 
the degree of LL.D. ; the well known antiquarian, author of History 
of Ipswich, Annals of Salem, etc. ; m. 1st Abigail Adams, daughter 
of Rev. John Shaw of Haverhill, Mass., 18 Sept., 1816 (b. at Haverhill; 
d. at Boston, July 5, 1859); m. 2dly, 16 Nov., 1862, Mrs. Catherine 
(Bartlett) Meachum, daughter of Hon. Bailey Bartlett of Haverhill; 
d. at Salem, 8 Sept., 1869, without issue. 

Rev. Henry Colman, son of Dudley and Mary (Jones) Colman, b. 
at Boston, 12 Sept., 1785; gr. Dart. Coll., 1805; studied divinity with 
Rev. James Freeman of Boston and Rev. John Pierce of Brooklino ; 
ord. at Hingham 1 June, 1807; installed at Salem 16 Feb., 1825; dis- 
missed 7 Dec, 1831 ; the remainder of his life was devoted to agricul- 
ture. His writings on this subject, especially reports on the agri- 
culture of Massachusetts and of England, have had an extended cir- 



299 

culation. He m. 11 Apr., 1807, Mary, daughter of Thomas Harris of 
Charlestown, Mass. He died at Islington, England, 17 Aug., 1849. 

Charles W. Upham, see ante. 

13. MEDICAL. 
Edward Augustus Holyoke, see ante. 

Joshua Fisher, M. D., son of Nathaniel and Elizabeth Fisher, b. 
at Dedhani, May, 1749; gr. Harv. Coll. 176G; in 1770 began the study 
of medicine under the direction of Dr. Lincoln of Hingham ; began 
the practice in Ipswich, for a time in Salem, and finally removed to 
Beverly, where he passed the remainder of his life ; he was held in 
high estimation by his profession, his patients and his friends; he was 
also in an important sense a public man ; senator in Mass. Legis. ; 
president of Mass. Med. Soc. ; president of the Beverly Bank, and 
also president of the Beverly Charitable Society and largely added to 
its funds; took a deep interest in the natural sciences and bequeathed 
to Harv. Coll. $20,000 to found a Professorship of Natural History. 
He died 15 March, 1833. See Quincy Hist. Harv. Univ., vol. II, p. 427 ; 
Stone's Hist, of Beverly, p. 1(50; Channing's Notice in Mass. Med. 
Soc. Communications, vol. V, p. 279. 

Andrew Nichols, son of Andrew and Eunice (Nichols) Nichols; 
b. at Danvers, 22 Nov., 1785; m. 1st, 1 June, 1809, his cousin, Ruth 
Nichols, daughter of John and Sarah (Fuller) Nichols (b. at Middle- 
ton 21 Jan., 1785; d. s. p., 31 Mar. 1832); m. 2d, 3 Oct., 1833, Mary 
Holyoke Ward, daughter of Joshua and Susanna (Holyoke) Ward, b. 
at Salem, 2 May, 1800. He died 30 Mar., 1853. In early life he 
worked on the farm and attended the district school, but having 
decided to become a physician he repaired to the Academy at Ando- 
ver for the preparatory studies and on the 11th of April, 1805, he en- 
tered the office of Dr. Manning at Billei-ica; he also studied with Dr. 
Waterhouse of Cambridge. In July, 1808, he entered upon the prac- 
tice of the profession in the soutli parish of Danvers (now Peabody), 
where he resided until his decease. 

He had an early taste for the study of natural history, especially 
botany. He was particularly conversant with our local natural his^ 
tory, and several communications on these subjects have appeared in 
the publications of this society. See Proceedings of Essex Inst., Vol. 
2, p. 26. In all our excui'sious he took an active part. In the various 
movements of society he took a deep interest. He was a pioneer 
with Pickering in the organization of the Count}' Agricultural Society; 
for many years its treasurer. In Mass. Med. Society he was an active 
member and, for many years, was president of the District Society, 



300 

embracing Salem and the neighborina: towns. He delivered the annual 
address in 1836. See Genealogy of Nichols Family in E. I. Hist. Coll., 
Ill, 29 ; sermon by F. P. Appletou. 

Gideon Baustow, see ante. 

Abel Lawrence Peirson, M. D., son of Samuel and Sarah (Page) 
Peirson, b. at Biddeford, Me., 25 Nov., 1794; gr. Harv. Coll. 1812. 
He studied medicine with Dr. James Jackson of Boston, and gradu- 
ated M. D. Harv. Coll. 1816; entered upon practice of the profession 
at Vassalboro, Me. ; removed to Salem early in 1817, where he spent 
the remainder of his life. He kept himself well informed as to the 
useful additions made to medical science, gave great attention to sur- 
gery and acquired a high reputation in that branch of practice. For 
many years he was largely employed in consultations throughout a 
large portion of Essex Couuty and was an active member of the Mass. 
Med. Soc, and president of the Essex South District Med. Soc. at the 
time of his decease. He married, 18 April, 1819, Harriet, daughter of 
Abel and Abigail (Page) Lawrence (b. 4 July, 1793; d. 13 Nov., 1870) ; 
was killed, on the New York & New Haven railroad, at Norwalk, 
Conn., 6 May, 1853, on his return from New York, where he had been 
to attend a medical convention. 

Charles Gideon Putnam, M. D., son of Samuel and Sarah (Gooll) 
Putnam; b. at Salem, 7 Nov., 1805; gr. Harv. 1824; studied medicine 
with Dr. A. L. Peirson and received the degree of M. D. from Har- 
vard in 1827; commenced the practice in Salem; about 1833 removed 
to Boston, where he resided the remainder of his life and entered into 
a successful practice ; president of Mass. Med. Society ; m. Elizabeth, 
daughter of James and Elizabeth (Cabot) Jackson ; d. at Boston, 5 
Feb., 1875, with universal respect and esteem for his invariable kind- 
ness and courtesy, and his readiness to impart freely, from his abun- 
dant professional resources, valuable information to his less experi- 
enced brethren. 



14. MERCHANTS AND OTHERS. 

Jacob Ashton, son of Jacob and Mary (Ropes) Ashton, b. at 
Salem 5 Sept., 1744; gr. Harv. Coll. 1766; d. 28 Dec, 1829; m. 16 
May, 1771, Susanna, daughter of Richard and Hannah (Hubbard) Lee 
(b. 15 Apr., 1747; d. 21 Apr., 1817); merchant, afterwards Pres. of 
Salem Marine Insurance Company. A prominent citizen, tilling many 
situations of trust, and during along life he has uniformly exhibited 
an example of industry, probity, and usefulness. 

Gideon Bakstow, see ante. 



301 

Nathaniel Bowditch, son of Habakkuk and Mary (Ingersoll) Bow- 
ditch, b. at Salem 2G Mar., 1773; m. 25 Mar., 1798, Elizabeth B., 
daughter of Francis and Mary (Hodges) Boardman: she died IS Oct., 
1798; m. 2dly, 28 Oct., 1800, his cousin Mary, daughter of Jonathan 
and Mary (Hodges) Ingersoll (b. 4 Dec, 1781; d. 17 April, 1834) ; de- 
scended in the sixth generation from William Bowditch, the first of 
this family in Salem, who came to this country from the west of Eng- 
land, probably from the city of Exeter, admitted an inhabitant Nov. 
20, 1G39, had a grant of land Jan. 23, 1643 ; through William^ Wil- 
liam^, Ebenezer^, Habakkuk^. In early life a clerk and supercargo; 
president of Salem Fire and Marine Insurance Company; removed to 
Boston in 1823, and was the actuary of Mass. Hospital Life Ins. Com- 
pany; devoted himself to the study of mathematics and became very 
distinguished in that direction; author of the American Navigator 
and the translator of La Place's Mecanique Celeste, in 4 vols., 4to. 
He was president of the East India Marine Society of Salem, and 
president of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, fellow of 
Royal Society of London, and also member of many of the leading 
scientific societies of this country and Europe. Harv. Coll. conferred 
the degree of LL.D. in 1826, and he was from 1826-38 a member of the 
corporation of that institution. He died at Boston 16 Mar., 1838. 
See Eulogies by D. A. White and John Pickering; Discourse on his 
life and character by Alexander Young ; Memoir by his sou Nathaniel 
Bowditch. 

George Cleveland, son of Stephen and Margaret (Jefi'ry) Cleve- 
land, b. 26 Jan., 1781; m. 7 April, 1808, Elizabeth, daughter of Jona- 
than and Elizabeth (Ropes) Hodges (b. 1 Jan., 1789, d. 23, Dec, 1834). 
He died at Salem 13 Mar., 1840; descended from Moses Cleveland, 
who came to this county (says family tradition) a joiner, from Ipswich, 
Sufi'olk County, England, and early took up his permanent abode in 
Woburn and m., 26 Sept., 1648, Ann, daughter of Edward Winn; 
through Aaron^, Aaron*, Rev. Aaron"*, Stephen*. President of Salem 
Commercial Insurance Company ; trustee and a vice president of the 
Essex Historical Society. See Sewall's Hist, of Woburn, p. 599. 

Charles Chauncy Clarke, son of Rev. John and Esther (Orne) 
Clarke of the First Church, Boston, b. in Boston 3 April, 1789; gr. 
Harv. Coll. 1808; d. in Salem, unmarried, 14 Oct., 1837. Interested 
in literary and historical studies; an officer of the Salem AthenjBura 
for several years, and of the Essex Historical Society from its organi- 
zation until his decease. 

Pickering Dodge, son of Israel and Lucia (Pickering) Dodge ; b. 
6 April, 1778; m. 5 Nov., 1801, Rebecca, daughter of Daniel and Mary 



302 

Jenks (b. 19 Feb., 1781 ; d. 30 Mar., 1851). He cl. 16 Aug., 1833; well 
kuowu as an active, enterprising, intelligent and honorable merchant ; 
universally esteemed. 

Pickering Dodge, jr., son of the preceding, b. at Salem, 24 April, 
1804; prepared for college at the Private Grammar School in Salem, 
kept by John Brazer Davis (H. C. 1815) ; gr. Harv. Coll. 1823; m. In 
March, 1826, Anna Storer, daughter of Rev. Henry and Mary (Harris) 
Colman of Salem (b. 20 Nov., 1808, d. 16 Sept., 1849) ; after his mar- 
riage resided on a farm in Lynn until 1837, when he returned to Salem 
and engaged in horticultural pursuits and in the walks of literature; 
in 1846, published a volume entitled "A History of the Art of Paint- 
ing," in 1849 a second volume entitled " Sculpture and the Plastic 
Art." After the death of his wife in 1849 he spent much of the time 
of the four following years in European travel. In June, 1853, m., 
2dly, Eliza Webb, daughter of Rev. Samuel and Caroline (Howard) 
Oilman, who was for many years the pastor of the Unitarian Church in 
Charleston, S. C. He then spent a year in European travel, and after- 
wards resided principally in Worcester, where he died 28 Dec, 1863. 

William Gibbs, son of Henry and Mercy (Prescott) Gibbs; b. at 
Salem 17 Feb., 1785; m, 24 Sept., 1811, his cousin Mercy, daughter of 
Peter and Mary (Prescott) Barrett (b. at Concord, Mass., 13 Sept., 
1783, d. 7 Feb., 1837); resided in Salem, Concord and Lexington; d. 
in Lexington 23 Dec, 1853 ; distinguished for his genealogical and 
liistorical researches. The first of this family in this country was 
Robert Gibbs, fonrth son of Sir Henry Gibbs; b. about 1634; came to 
Boston between 1657 and 1660, where he became a distinguished mer- 
chant; his son Henry'' was the well known minister of Watertown; 
his son Henry*, a graduate of Harvard in 1726, entered into mercantile 
business in Salem; his son Henry*, a graduate of Harvard in 1766, 
was also a merchant in Salem and was the father of the subject of 
this notice. See Family Notices collected by William Gibbs. 

FiiANCis Peabody, son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Smith) Pcabody, 
b. at Salem 7 Dec, 1801; m. 7 July, 1823, Martha, daughter of Samuel 
and Elizabeth (Putnam) Eudicott ; d. at Salem 31 Oct., 1867. Soon 
after leaving school he made an excursion to Russia and Northern 
Europe, and on his return settled in Salem, where he continued to 
reside until his decease, except occasional visits to Europe. He was 
early interested in the study of chemistry and the kindred sciences 
and their application to the useful arts. He took an active part in the 
organization of popular lecture courses in this city, and delivered sev- 
eral of the lectures in the earlier courses, as those of the Essex Lodge 
of F. A. M. in 1827-8, the Salem Charitable Mechanic Association 



303 

about the same time, and the Salem L}'ceum in 1830 — the last named 
institution has continued the annual courses of lectures. About 1826 
he engaged in the manufacture of white lead. From that time until 
his decease he had been interested in this and other manufactures, or 
commerce. 

Mr. Peabody had a very active and inventive mind and gave much 
attention to experimental researches in physical sciences. President 
of the Essex Institute 1865-7, and the first president of the Peabody 
Academy of Science, being very much interested in the organization 
of that Institution. See Memoir by C. W. Upham, in Vol. IX of E. I. 
Hist. Coll. 

Geokge Peabody, son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Smith) Peabody, 
and brother of the preceding; b. at Salem 10 Jan., 1804; gr. Harv. 
Coll. 1823; m. 5 Sept., 1827, Clara, daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth 
(Putnam) Endicott. Rep. Mass. Legis. ; member of Mass. Const. 
Conv. 1853; popular commander of the Salem Light Infantry; Col. of 
Artill. Reg. ; 1st Pres. of Eastern R. R. Corp. ; nov4r resides in Salem. 

William Pickman, son of Benjamin and Mary (Toppan) Pickmau, 
b. at Salem 25 June, 177'4; d. at Salem, unmarried, 1 Ma}', 1857; la 
early life a merchant in Boston, returned to Salem and lived many 
years retired from the active duties of life. A brother of Benjamin 
Pickman ; see ante. 

WiLLARD Peele, son of Jonathan and Abigail (Mason) Peele ; b. at 
Salem 30 Nov., 1773; gr. Harv. Coll. 1792; m. Margaret, daughter of 
John and Jane (Sparhawk) Appleton; d. 13 June, 1835; studied lav? 
before engaging in commercial pursuits ; merchant in Salem ; presi- 
dent Commercial Bauk. 

Dudley Leavitt Pickman, son of William and Elizabeth (Leavitt) 
Pickman; bapt. May, 1779; m. 6 Sept., 1810, Catherine, daughter of 
Thomas and Elizabeth (Elkins) Sanders (bapt. 29 Aug., 1784, d. 18 
May, 1823); d. 4 Nov., 1846. He was one of our most eminent and 
wealthj' merchants, for several years a member of both branches of 
the legislature, public spirited and liberal to our several literary, 
religious and charitable institutions. A cousin of Benjamin Pickman; 
see ante. 

William Proctor, son of William and Elizabeth (Ma.sury) Proctor; 
b. at Salem: m. Sarah, daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Peirce) Holman. 
Rec. Secretary Essex Historical Society; merchant; iu 1827 removed 
to Brooklyn, New York. 



304 

Nathaniel Leverett Rogers, son of Nathaniel and Abigail (Dodge) 
Rogers; b. at Ipswich 6 Aug., 1785; ra. 24 Oct., 1813, Harriet, daugh- 
ter of Aaron and Elizabeth (Call) Waite; d. 31 July, 1858; descended 
from Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, son of Rev. John of Dedham, b. in 1598, 
arrived in Boston in Nov., 1G3G, and was settled over the church in 
Ipswich, d. July 3, 1G55; through Rev. John^, Pres. of Harv. Coll., 
Rev. John^ of Ipswich, Rev. Nathaniel** of Ipswich, NathanieP. For 
many years in business connections with his brothers John W. and 
Richard S. under the name of N. L. Rogers & brothers, president of 
the East India Marine Society of Salem and held other offices of honor 
and trust. See N. E. Hist. Gen. Reg., V, 105, 224, 311. 

Nathaniel Silsbee, son of Nathaniel and Mary (Crowniushield) 
Silsbee; b. 28 Dec, 1804; gr. Harv. Coll., 1824; m. Nov. 9, 1829, Mary 
Ann Cabot Devereux, daughter of Humphrey and Eliza (Dodge) 
Devereux, b. 6 Feb., 1812; merchant; mayor of the city of Salem, 
1849, 50, 58, 59; removed to Boston, 1860; treasurer of Harv. College; 
now resides in Boston. 

John White Treadwell, son of Jacob and Elizabeth (White) 
Treadwell, b. at Ipswich 12 July, 1785. He moved to Salem in early 
life and soon became one of our most respected and valued citizens, 
widely linown in the religious denomination of which, for a third of a 
century he was a conspicuous and a hospitable member. He was for 
many years a cashier and president of the Merchants' Bank, Salem ; 
Rec. Sec. of Essex Hist. Society;' m. Susan K. and Harriet K., daugh- 
ters of Mr. Farley of Ipswich; d. 4 April, 1857. 

George Atkinson Ward, son of Samuel Curwen and Jane (Ropes) 
Ward, b. at Salem 29 Mar., 1793; m. 5 Oct., 1816, Mehitable, daugh- 
ter of James and Sarah (Ward) Gushing (b. 28 Feb., 1795; d. 4 Oct., 
1862) ; d. at Salem, 22 Sept., 1864; descended from Miles Ward, men- 
tioned in 1639, who came from Euith in Kent, a few miles below Lon- 
don on the Thames, with his wife Margaret, and died in Virginia 
3 Mar., 1650; through Josima^ Mlles^ Joshua\ Richard*, Samuel Cur- 
wen"; merchant at Salem and New York; one of the founders of the 
Historical Society and its first secretary ; editor of Curvven's Letters 
and author of several memoirs and historical papers. See Notices of 
the descendants of Miles Ward in E. I. Hist. Coll., V, 207 ; Memoir by 
C. W. Upham, E. I. Hist. Coll., VII, 49. 

Jonathan Webb, son of Benjamin and Mary (King) Webb, b. at 
Salem 22 Jan., 1795; m. 5 Jan., 1825, Harriet, daughter of Abijah Nor- 
they of Salem (d. at Andover 15 Oct., 1870, aged 72 years) ; d. 2 Aug., 
1832 ; an apothecary. Colonel of Mass. Militia, endowed with talents 



305 

of the highest order and a refined taste, he devoted his leisure to sci- 
entific pursuits, especially those appertaining to electricity. He was 
enterprising and active in business, frank and cordial in his social 
intercourse. 

Stephen White, sou of Henry and Phoebe (Brown) White; b. at 
Salem 10 July, 1787; m. 7 Aug., 1808, Harriet, daughter of Elisha and 
Mehitable (Pedrick) Story of Marblehead; she died 19 June, 1827. 
He removed to Boston about 1830; d. at New York 10 Aug., 1841. 
While a resident of Salem he was an active and enterprising mer- 
chant; had been elected several yeai's, a member of both branches of 
the Legislature, and was frequently called upon to officiate on public 
occasions, and to hold positions of honor and trust. 

15. 

Benjamin Goodhue, son of Benjamin and Martha (Hardy) Goodhue, 
b. at Salem 20 Sept., 1748; gr. Harv. Coll., 176G; m. 6 Jan., 1778, 
Frances Richie of Philadelphia (b. 27 June, 1751, d. at Salem 21 Jan., 
1801) ; m. 2dly 5 Nov., 1804, Ann Willard, a daughter of Abijah and 
Anna (Prentice) Willard of Lancaster, Mass. (b. 20 Aug., 17G3, d. 2 
Aug., 1868) ; descended from William Goodhue, b. in England in 1612, 
took the oath of Freeman, Dec, 1G36, and probably came over in that 
year; settled in Ipswich and sustained the chief trusts of the town; 
was deacon of the First Church for many years, selectman, Rep. Gen. 
Court, etc. ; died about 1699 ; through Joseph-, William^, Benjamin*. 

He early embarked in commerce with credit and success ; a whig in 
the Revolution ; represented the county of Essex in the Senate of 
Massacliusetts from 1784 to 1789 when he was elected a Rep. to the 
first U. S. Congress under the new constitution ; in 1796 elected to the 
U. S. Senate, and in 1800 he resigned his seat and retired to private 
life. He died at Salem 28 July, 1814, leaving an irreproachable name 
to his then only surviving son, Jonathan Goodhue of New York, a 
merchant who in character and credit stood second to none in that 
commercial emporium. 

16. 

Nathan Reed, b. at Western, now Warren, Mass., 2 July, 17.59; son 
of Major Reuben and Tamersou (Meachum) Reed, who was boi'n at 
Sudbury, 2 Nov., 1730, d. 26 May, 1803; his grandfather, Capt. Na- 
thaniel Reed, was one of the first settlers of Warren, died 9 June, 
1785, at the advanced age of 81. He gr. Harv. Coll. 1781 ; then taught 
school at Beverly and Salem about two years, tutor in Harv. 1783-7; 
studied medicine with Dr. Holyoke until Oct., 1788, when he opened 



306 

an apothecary shop; m. 20 Oct., 1790, Elizabeth, daughter of William 
and Elizabeth (Bowditch) Jefl'ry. He invented a machine for the 
making of nails, and in 1796 erected a building in Danvers for the 
manufacture of nails, and the next year had his machines in operation. 
About the same time he built a splendid mansion near by and moved 
there; for many years since owned by Capt. Porter. He also con- 
structed tlae first steamboat with paddle wheels in this country; the 
trial trip took place in 1789. Rep. U. S. Congress 1801-3. In 1807 he 
removed to Belfast, Me., and for many years was Chief Justice of the 
Court of Common Pleas in said county. He was much interested in 
agricultural pursuits. He died at his residence in Belfast 20 Jan., 
184:9. See History of the Reed Family by Jacob W. Reed, pages 272, 
etc. 

17. 

Jacob Cuowninshield, son of George and Mary (Derlyj'XCrownin- 
shield; b. at Salem 31 May, 1770; d. at Washington 15 m^lSOS; m. 
June 5, 1796, Sarah, daughter of John and Sarah (Derby) Gardner (b. 
1773, d. May, 1807). A brother of Benjamin W. Crowninshiekl, see 
ajite. A merchant in connection with his ftither and brothers at 
Salem ; Rep. U. S. Cong. 1802-08. In 1805 he was appointed U. S. Sec. 
of the Navy by Pres. Jefferson, declined the position on account of ill 
health; in Congress he was specially valued for his knowledge of 
marine and commercial matters, which was extensive and accurate. 
He was prompt and diligent in the performance of his duties and pos- 
sessed amiable manners, an open disposition and a liberal heart. 

18. 

Elias Haskktt Derby, son of Richard and Mary (Hodges) Derby, 
b. at Salem 16 Aug., 1739; d. 8 Sept., 1799; m. 23 Apr., 1761, Eliza- 
beth, daughter of John and Anstiss (Williams) Crowninshield (b. at 
Salem, G Aug., 1734, d. 17 June, 1815) ; descended from Roger Derby, 
who came from Topsham, Devonshire Co., England, and landed at 
Boston 15 July, 1671 ; thence he went to Ipswich, afterwards to 
Salem; b. in England in 1613; d. in Salem 26 Sept., 1698, aged 55 
yrs.; m. 23 Aug, 1668, Lucretia (b. in 1643, d. 25 May, 1689); their 
grave stones are in the old burial ground in Peabody; through Rich- 
ard*, Richard^. At an early age he entered his father's counting room, 
and from 1760 to 1775 kept his father's books and traded extensively 
with tlie English and French W. I. Islands. Mr. Derby espoused the 
cause of the colonists. Trade being depressed, he fitted out some 108 
private armed vessels during the Revolutionary War. In 1784 he 
despatched the "Grand Turk" to Cape of Good Hope and to Canton 



307 

(1st voyage). Other voyages vpere afterwards made. He thus led the 
way to India and China, and opened for Salem that extensive foreign 
commerce which will always hold a prominent place in her history. 
See Genealogy of Derby Family, Vol. IV of E. I. Hist. Coll. 

19. 

William Gray, son of Abraham and Lydia (Galley) Gray, b. in 
Lynn 27 June, 1750; m. 18 Mar., 1782, Elizabeth, daughter of John 
and Elizabeth (Brown) Chipraan of Marblehead. Mr. Gray removed 
to Salem at an early age and entered the counting room of Richard 
Derby. He soon became one of the largest ship owners in Salem, 
and followed the lead of Mr. Derby in sending ships to Canton and 
ports in the East Indies. His mansion in Salem is now the Essex 
House. About 1809 he removed to Boston. In 1810, 1811, he was 
chosen Lieut. Governor of Mass., having held previously a seat in the 
Massachusetts Senate. He died in Boston 3 Nov., 1825. During his 
life he accumulated a great property. As a merchant, he was industri- 
ous, far seeing and energetic ; as a citizen, patriotic and public spirited. 

20. 

JosF.PH Peabody, son of Francis and Margaret (Knight) Peabody ; 
b. at Middleton 12 Dec, 1757; m. 1st, 28 Aug., 1791, Catherine; 2dly, 
2-t Oct., 1795, Elizabeth, daughters of Rev. Ellas Smith of Middleton; 
d. 5 Jan., 18-14; descended from Lieut. Francis Peabody of St. Albans, 
Hertfordshire, England, b. in 161-1; came to New England in the ship 
Planter in 1635; one of the original settlers of Hampton, whither he 
came in the summer of 1638; Freeman in 1640; in 1657 he was in 
Topsfield and was one of the prominent men in that town ; lived to 
an advanced age, died 19 Feb., 1697-8; through Isaac^, Francis'*, and 
Francis*. Mr. Peabody lived in early life in Boxford and Middleton ; 
at the commencement of the Revolution, he came to Salem to partici- 
pate in the more stirring scenes of a sea life on board of our private 
armed vessels, where he distinguished himself as a brave and skilful 
officer. After the establishment of peace he was a ship owner and 
merchant, and soon became one of the most eminent merchants of 
Salem and extensively known throughout the commercial world. See 
Genealogy of Peabody Family in N. E. Hist. Gen. Reg., Vol. ii, p. 153; 
Memoir of J. Peabody by G. A. Ward, in Hunt's Merchant's Magazine, 
Vol. XIII, page 150. 

21. 

John BkrtuaM, b. on the Isle of Jersey, 11 Feb., 1796; came to 
Salem at an early age with his parents ; his father, John Bertram, sou 



308 

of Thomas and Jeanne (Legros) Bertram, was born in the Parish of 
St. Saviour, Jersey, 26 Sept., 1773, d. at Salem. 29 April, 1825, aged 53 
years; his mother, Mary Bertram, daughter of Jaques and Elizabeth 
(Vaudin) Perchard, b. in the Parish of St, Saviour, Jersey, IG Mar., 
1773, d. in Nevpton, Mass., 20 Feb., 1842, aged 70 years. He married 
19 Oct., 1823, Mary G. Smith, who died 18 April, 1837, aged 36 years; 
m., 2dly, 25 March, 1838, Mrs. Clarissa (Maclntire) Millet, who died 30 
June, 1847, aged 37 years; m., 3dly, 27 June, 1848, Mary Ann, daugh- 
ter of Timothy and Sarah (Holmes) Ropes. 

He commenced life as a cabin boy and by successive stages soon 
became a commandei*, then an owner, afterwards largely interested in 
vessels engaged in the several trades. Those of Zanzibar, Para, and 
California seemed to have claimed a considerable share of his atten- 
tion. In his various enterprises he has been successful, and now, 
somewhat retired from the active duties of life, he takes pleasure in 
aiding various charities. He has furnished and maintained at his own 
expense the "Old Men's Home," and was largely instrumental in 
establishing the Salem Hospital. As a merchant, enterprising and 
energetic; as a citizen, public spirited and liberal. 



Note to the Remarks of Dean Stanley. 

Bean Stanley in his speech refers to the monument erected by 
Massachusetts in Westminster Abbey to Lord Howe. The following 
extract is taken from the "History of the Abbey Church of St. Peter's 
Westminster, its antiquities and monuments," Vol. II, page 34: — 

"A figure, representing the Genius of Massachusetts Bay, reposes 
in a mournful postui'e and is supported by a shield. An obelisk rises 
behind her, decorated with the arms of the Howe family and military 
trophies. On a tablet beneath is the inscription : — 

'The province of Massachusetts Bay, in New England, by an order 
of the Great and General Court, bearing date Eeb. 1, 1759, caused this 
monument to be erected to the memory of George Augustus Lord 
Viscount Ilowe, brigadier-general of His Majesty's forces in America, 
who was slain July the 6th, 1758, on the march to Ticonderoga, in the 
thirty-fourth year of his age, in testimony of the sense they had of 
his services and military virtues ; and of the afloction their officers, 
and soldiers bore to his command. He lived respected and beloved. 
The public regretted his loss — to his family it is irreparable.'" 



309 



Committee of Arrangements. 



Henry Wheatland, Chairman. 
Abner C. Goodell, jr., 
William Sutton, 
William P. Upham, • 
Edward S, Atwood, 
Fielder Israel, 
Eichard C. Manning, 
Thomas M. Stimpson, 



Daniel B, Hagar, 

James Kimball, 

Henrv L. Williams. 

George R. Emmerton, 

Edwin C. Bolles, 

Amos H. Johnson, 

Thomas F. Hunt. 

George M. Whipple, Secretary. 



Choir, under the direction of Mr. B. J. Lang, 



Sopranos. 

Miss Mary A. Bush, 
Miss Grace Dalton, 
Miss Clara L. Emilio, 
Miss Mary S. Emilio, 
Mrs. a. E. B. Govea, 
Miss Nellie B. Kehew, 
Miss Grace E. Machado, 
Miss S. Alice Machado, 
Miss Harriet K. Osgood, 
Mrs. H. W. Putnam, 
Miss Helen M. Smith, 
Miss Rosamond Simonds, 
Mrs. J. C. TowNE. 



Altos. 

Miss Emily W. Archer, 
Mrs. a. B. Brown, 
Miss E. W. Chadwick, 
Miss Mary K. Felt, 
Mrs. C. B. Fowler, 
Mrs. W. H. Kehew, 
Mrs. J. H. Lefavour, 
Miss S. Amy Machado, 
Miss Margaret M. Osgood, 
Miss C. S. Spiller. 



Tenor. 

Mr. Seth C. Bennett, 
Mr. Charles E. Chute, 
Mr. E. V. EsiiLio, 
Mr. Andrew Fitz, 
Mr. D. B. Hagar, 
Mr. D. B. Kimball, 
Mr. T. M. Osborne, 
Mr. Geo. M. Whipple. 



Bass. 

Mr. Frank Brown, 
Mr. S. p. Chase, 
Mr. Arthur A. Clark, 
Mr. R. B. Gifford, 
Mr. W. H. Kehew, 
Mr. John C. Pulsiper, 
Mr. T. M. Stimpson, 
Mr. W. H. Whipple. 



hist. coll. 



20 



310 



List of Persons present at the Lunch. 



Archer, Charles F. "W., Salem. 
Atwood, Edward S., Salem. 
Atwood, Mrs. Edward S., Salem. 
Austin, Miss Harriet A., Salem. 

Bacon, J. P., Boston. 
Batchelder, Henry M., Salem. 
Bodfish, Joshua L., Boston. 
BoUes, Edwin C, Salem. 
Bolles, Mrs. Edwin C, Salem. 
Bowdoiu, Mrs. W. L., Salem. 
Bowker, Charles, Salem. 
Bowker, George, Salem. 
Bradbury, Jas. W., Augusta, Me. 
Brooks, Chas. T., Newport, R. I. 
Brooks, Miss Mary M., Salem. 
Brooks, Phillips, Boston, 
Brown, Augustus S., Salem. 

Choate, Chai-les E., Cambridge. 
Choate, Mrs. Chas.F., Cambridge. 
Choate, Mrs. George, Cambridge. 
Choate, Mrs. George F., Salem. 
Choate, Joseph H., New York. 
Churchill, J. W., Andover. 
Clarke, Mrs. A. P., Lawrence. 
Clarke, Miss Alice S., Lawrence. 
Cook, Mrs. James P., Salem. 
Cook, Miss M. A., Salem. 
Curvven, George E., Salem. 
Curwen, James B., Salem. 
Curwen, Mrs. James B., Salem. 

Davis, James H., Salem. 
Davis, Mrs. James H., Salem. 
Deaue, Charles, Cambridge. 
Dean, John Ward, Boston. 
DeGersdorf, E. B., Boston. 
DeGersdorf, Mrs. E. B., Boston. 
Derby, Miss Lucy, Boston. 
Dexter, Geoi'ge, Boston. 



Dexter, Mrs. George, Boston. 
Dudley, H. A. S. D., Boston. 

Emmerton, George R., Salem. 
Emmerton, Mrs., Geo. R., Salem. 
Endicott, Miss Anna G., Salem. 
Endicott, Miss Mary C, Salem. 
Endicott, John, Bevei'ly. 
Endicott, Mary Eliz., Beverly. 
Endicott, Rob't Rantoul, Beverly. 
Endicott, William, Beverly. 
Endicott, William, jr., Boston. 
Endicott, Wm., jr., 2d, Boston. 
Endicott, William, Danvers. 
Endicott, William C, Salem. 
Endicott, Mrs. William C, Salem. 
Endicott, William C, jr., Salem. 

Eenno, D. Brooks, Boston. 
Fenno, Miss, Boston. 
Fielden, Francis A., Salem. 
Foote, Caleb, Salem. 
Franks, James P., Salem. 
Franks, Mrs. James P., Salem. 
Frothingham, Rich., Charlestown. 

Gardner, George, Boston. 
Gardner, Miss, Boston. 
Giflbrd, R. B., Salem. 
Gifford, Mrs. R. B., Salem. 
Goldthwaite Willard, Salem. 
Green, Samuel A., Boston. 
Grove, George, Loudon. 

Hagar, D. B., Salem. 
Hagar, Mi's. D. B., Salem. 
Harper, Gerald, London. 
Harrington, L. B., Salem. 
Harris, N. B., New York City. 
Heard, John, Boston. 
Hill, B. D., Peabody. 



311 



Hodges, Mary 0., Salem. 
Hodges, N. D. C, Salem. 
Hodges, Osgood, Salem. 
Howe, Samuel B., Salem. 
Howe, Mrs. Samuel B., Salem. 
Hunt, Sarah E., Salera, 
Hunt, Mrs. Thomas, Salem. 
Hunt, T. F., Salem. 
Huntington, A. L., Salem. 
Huntington, Miss S. L., Salem. 

Israel, Fielder, Salem. 
Ives, S. B., Salem. 
Ives, S. B., jr., Salem. 
Iv^s, Mrs. S. B., jr., Salem. 

Jenkins, Chas. T., Salem. 

Ketchum, Silas, Poquonock, Ct. 
Kimball, James, Salem. 
Kimball, Mrs. James, Salem. 

Lang, B. J., Boston. 
Lang, Mrs. B. J., Boston. 
Lee, Miss Harriet R., Salem. 
Lefavour, J. W., Salem. 
Lefavour, Mrs. J. \V., Salem. 
Lincoln, Solomon, jr., Salem. 

Mack, William, Salem. 
Manning, Richard C, Salera. 
Merrill, George E., Salem. 
Mills, Robert C, Salem. 
Moore, David, Salem. 
Moultou, J. T., Lynn. 

Nevins, Wm. S., Salem. 
Nourse, Dorcas C, Salem. 

Oliver, Henry K., Salem. 

Palfray, Charles W., Salem. 
Peabody, Alfred, Salem. 
Peabody, Francis, Danvers. 



Peabody, Mrs. Francis, Danvers. 
Peabody, Francis, jr., Danvers. 
Peabody, Miss Martha, Salem. 
Peabody, Miss Fanny E., Danvers. 
Peabody, George, Salera. 
Peabody, Mrs. George, Salera. 
Peabody, Henry W., Salem. 
Peabody, Mrs. Henry W., Salem. 
Peabody, S. Endicott, Salera. 
Peabody, Mrs. S. Endicott, Salera. 
Peirce, Benjamin, Cambridge. 
Peirson, Charles L., Boston. 
Peirson, Mrs. Charles L., Boston. 
Phippen, George D., Salera. 
Pickett, John, Beverly. 
Pickraan, Dudley L., Boston. 
Pickman, Mrs. Wra. D., Boston. 
Putnam, Alfred P., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Putnam, F. W., Cambridge. 
Putnam, Mrs. F. W., Cambridge. 

Rice, Alexander H., Boston. 
Robinson, John, Salem. 
Robinson, Mrs. John, Salera. 
Rogers, Richard D., Boston. 
Ropes, Charles A., Salem. 
Ropes, Mrs. Charles A., Salem. 
Ropes, Miss Eliza Orne, Salem. 
Ropes, Miss Mary, Salem. 
Ropes, Nathaniel, Salem. 
Ropes, Reuben W., New York. 
Russell, Samuel H., Boston. 

Saflbrd, Mrs. James 0., Salem. 
Saltonstall, Leverett, Boston. 
Saltonstall, William G., Salera. 
Saltonstall, Mrs. Wm. G., Salem. 
Silsbee, Benj. H., Salem, 
Silsbee, Mrs. Benj. H., Salem. 
Silsbee, Miss Margax'et, Salem. 
Silsbee, Edward A., Salera. 
Silsbee, Nathaniel, Boston. 
Silsbee, Mrs. Nathaniel, Boston. 
Silver, Peter, Salem. 



312 

Siraonds, William H., jr., Salem. Webb, Mrs. Wm. G., Salem. 
Simonds, Mrs. Wm.H., jr., Salem. Webber, Charles H., Salera. 
Stanley, Arthur Penrhyn, London. Webster, John, Salem. 
Stimpson, Thomas M., Peabody. West, J. H., Haverhill. 
Stone, Mrs. Alfred, Prov., R. I. West, Mrs. Julia H., Haverhill. 
Sullivan, Henry D., Salem. Wheatland, George, jr., Boston. 

Wheatland, Henry, Salem. 
Tuckerman, J. Francis, Salem. Whipple, George M., Salem. 
Tuckermau, Leverett S., Salem. Whipple, Mrs. George M., Salem. 

Wilder, Marshall P., Boston. 
Upham, 0. W. H., Salem. Williams, Henry L., Salem. 

Uphara, William P., Salem. Williams, Miss E. D., Salem. 

Williams, Tucker D., Salem. 
Very, Jones, Salem. Wiuthrop, Robert C, Boston. 



Historical Events of Salem, from its Early Settlement to 
the jji'esent time.^ 

1C2G. Salem, then called Naumkeag, first settled by Roger Conant, 
John Woodbury, John Balch, Peter Palfrey, and others. 

1628. Sept. 6 ; Arrival of Capt. John Eudicott with a company of about 

one hundred. 

1629. April 30; Capt. Endicott appointed Governor of the Plantation. 
1G29. June 29; Arrival of Rev. Francis Higginson, Rev. Samuel Skel- 

ton, and a company of about three hundred and eighty. 

1629. August 6; A church is established, the first organized Congre- 

gational Church in the country. 

1630. June 12 ; Arrival of Gov. John Winthrop, with the charter. 
1630. August 6; Rev. Mr. Higginson dies, aged 43. 

1630. August; Lady Arabella Johnson, a daughter of the Earl of 

Lincoln, dies here. 

1631. August; Indian alarm. 

1634. August 2; Rev. Mr. Skelton dies. 



1 The following list of historical events was prepared for "An Exhibit of Salem," 
sent to the International Exhibition in 1876 by the Essex Institute. At the request 
of several friends, it is inserted in tliis appendix witli a few additions. The limits 
of these pages will not permit more extended notice*; it is only a brief compend 
a few facts gleaned from the records. 



313 

1634:. The congregation having worshipped from 1029 to the present 
time in an unfinished building of one story agreed, with Mr. 
Norton, to build a suitable meeting house, not to cost more 
than £100. 

1635. Oct. 6 ; Arrival of Hugh Peters. 

1636. June ; Assembling of the first Quarterly Court. 

1639. First records of tanning business. Philemon Dickerson is 
granted laud "to make tan-pits and to dress goat-skins and 
hides." • 

1643. May 10; Wenham set ofl' and incorporated. 

1645. May 14; Manchester set off and incorporated. 

1648-9. March 12; Marblehead set off and incorporated. 

1650. Sept. 22; Brethren at Bass River, Beverly, have liberty to ob- 
tain a minister. 

1650. Oct. 18; Topsfield set off and incorporated. 

1655. May 17 ; Burial place laid out at the hill above Francis Law's 
house. 

1657. ; The Quakers began to arrive, and in 1658 the first law 

of penalty of death upon them vv'as enacted, and in 1061 eigh- 
teen of them were publicly punished iu Salem. 

1658. June 29 ; Court punishes people for attending Quaker meeting. 

1659. Dec. 23 ; Rev. Edward Norris dies. 

,1660. Aug.; Rev. John Iligginson ord. minister of the First Church. 
1665. March 15 ; John Endicott dies. 

1667. July 4; Dismissal of Brethren from First Church to found a 

church at Bass River. 

1668. Beverly set off and incorporated. 

1672. March 22; Permission for ministry at Salem Village. 

1674. June 5; Capt. Walter Price dies, aged 61. 

1675. Sept. 18 ; Capt. Thonuis Lathrop and seventy men were killed 

at Bloody Brook (now Deerfleld). 
1675. Dec. 29; Capt. Joseph Gardner was killed at the Narragansett 

swamp fight. 
1681. June 28; William Ilathorne dies, lately, aged 74, having been iu 

the town since 103(). 
1085. Jan. 6; Capt. George Curwen dies at 74, who came in 1638, and 

in 1688, Jau. 20, Hon. William Browne, aged 81, who arrived 

in 1635; these were the most noted persons in the town. 
1689. Nov. 10; Persons dismissed to constitute a Church at Salem 

Village, now Danvers, where they had preaching years before. 
1692. This year is memorable for the prevalence of the witchcraft 

delusion, twenty persons being tried and executed ; though 

designated "Salem Witclicraft," it had pervaded other places 

previously to its appearance here. 



314 

1697. March 27; Gov. Simon Bradstreet dies. 

1698. Feb. 28; Bartholomew Geduey dies, aged 52. 

1G98. Juue 28; Sevei-al dwellings were burnt on the spot now partly 
covered by the Essex House, called the Great Fire till that of 
1774; damages, £5000. 

170G. Sept. 2; First Quarterly Meeting of Friends held in this place. 

1708. Dec. 7; Benjamin Browne dies, aged 60; made liberal bequests 
to schools in Salem and to Harvard College. 

1708. Dec. 9; Rev. John Higginsou dies, aged 92. 

1712. First Grammar School, anciently called a writing school, was 

established; Nathaniel Higginson, teacher. 

1713. April 19; Ann, relict of Gov. Bradstreet, dies, aged 79. 

1713. April 24 ; Benjamin Gerrish, collector of the Port, dies, aged GO. 

1713. June 25; Persons dismissed to form a Church in the middle 

precinct, now Peabody. 

1714. May 13; Friends consider the building of a meeting house. 
171G. Feb. 14; Hon. Wra. Browne dies in his 78th year, leaving leg- 
acies to Harvard College, Salem Grammar Schools. 

1718. July 9; Jonathan Corwiu dies, aged 78. 

1718. Dec. 25 ; Persons dismissed to form the East Church. 

1725. Oct. 17; Major Stephen Sewall dies, aged 68. 

1728. June 30; Middleton is incorporated. 

1728. Oct. 31; General Court assembles at Salem by order of Gov.' 

Burnett. 
1740. March 17 ; Philip English dies, aged 89. 
1740. Sept. 29; Rev. Gfeorge Whitefleld preaches on the Common to 

about six thousand people. 

1744. Bridge built over North River. 

1745. Jan. 28; Benjamin Lynde, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court 

dies, aged 89. 

1745. July 17; Timothy Pickering born. 

1749. ; First Fire Engine. 

1755. Nov. 18; Great Earthquake. 

1760. March 31 ; Social Library established. 

1766. Salem Marine Society instituted. 

17G7. July 14; Timothy Orne died, aged 50. 

17G8. April — ; Fii'st Printing Press, by Samuel Hall. 

1772. Aug. 23 ; The new meeting house for the North Church and So- 

ciety lirst opened for public worship. 

1773. March 26; Nathaniel Bowditch born. 

1773. Aug. 20; Benjamin Pickman dies, aged GG. 

1774. Oct. 6; The Great Fire, Rev. Dr. Whitaker's Church, Custom 

House, eight dwelling houses, fourteen stores, shops, etc., 
burned. 



315 

1775. Feb. 2G ; Col. Leslie's rencontre at North Briclg-e. 

1776. Aug. 15; Rev. Thomas Barnard, of the First Church, dies. 

1777. Feb. 17 ; John Pickering, celebrated philologist, born. 

1780. May 19; Dark day. 

1781. Dec. ; Richard Derby, Jr., dies in his 4Gth year. 

1781. July 10; Stephen Abbott, the first commander of the Cadets, 
and other officers are commissioned. First pai'ade of this 
company in uniform April 19, 1787. 

1784. June 15; The bark "Light Horse," Capt. Bufflnton, cleared for 
St. Petersburg; first American vessel to trade there. Last 
arrival at Salem from St. Petersburg — ship "Eclipse," John- 
son, master — in Septembei-, 1843. 

1784. Oct. 29 ; Lafayette visited Salem. 

1785. Nov. 28; Cleared ship "Grand Turk" Capt. Ebenezer West, by 

Elias Haskett Derby ; first voyage from New England to In- 
dia and China. 
1787. May 22; Ship Grand Turk returns from Canton; the first vessel 
of New England that performed such a voyage. 

1787. May 23 ; Artillery make their first public appearance under Za- 

dock Buffingtou. 

1788. Sept. 24 ; Beverly Bridge opened for travel. 

1789. Feb; Elias Ilasket Derby sent the ship "Astrea", a direct voy- 

age to Canton for the first time. 
1789. Oct. 29 ; Washington visited Salem. 

1789. Dec. 15 ; First circulating library opened by John Dabney. 
1792. July 2; Essex Bank, first in Salem, commenced business. 

1795. Nov. 3; Sch. "Rajah," Capt. Jonathan Carnes, cleared for India, 

sailed for Sumatra, first vessel, by Jonathan Peele. 

1796. May 4 ; W. H. Prescott the historian born. 

1797. Mar. 9 ; Salem and Danvers Aqueduct Corporation incorporated. 

1797. May; Ship "Astrea," Henry Prince, master, entered from Man- 

illa to Elias Hasket Derby ; first entry at Salem from Manilla. 

1798. Apr. 2G ; Capt. Joseph Ropes in the ship " Recovei-y " for Mocha ; 

first American vessel to display the stars and stripes in that 
part of the world. 

1799. Sept. 8 ; Elias Hasket Derby dies. 

1799. Sept. 30; Launched the Frigate Essex, built by the merchants 

of Salem for the U. S. Government. 
1799. Oct. ; East India Marine Society organized. 
1799. Dec. 6 ; Judge Andrew Oliver died, aged 62. 
1802. The common levelled, fenced, and trees set out. 
1802. May 10; Ship Minerva, owned by Cliflford Crowniushield and 

Nath'l West, had lately returned from China, the first Salem 

vessel that had circumnavigated the globe. 



316 

1803. Mar. 8; Salem Bank incorporated, now Salem National. 

1803. Sept. 22 ; Salem Turnpike opened for travel. 

1804. July 4 ; Nath'l Hawthorne born. 

1803. Jan. 1 ; New South Meeting House dedicated. 

1805. July 4; Salem Light Infantry first paraded under Captain' John 

Saunders. 

1807. July 4 ; Salem Mechanic Light Infantry first paraded under 

Perley Putnam. 

1808. May 15; Jacob Crowninshield, M. C, died, aged 38. 
1810. [March 12; Salem Athenreura incorporated. 

1810. June 1; Bark "Active," Capt. Wm. P. Richardson, sailed from 

Salem on the first trading voyage from Salem to the Feejee 
Islands. 

1811. June 26; Merchant's Bank incorp. "National," Jan. 9, 18G5. 

1812. Feb. 6; Consecration of Messrs. Judson, Newell, Nott, Hall 

and Rice as Missionaries to India, in the Tabernacle Church. 

1812. Feb. 19 ; Sailing of the Missionaries in the brig Caravan, Augus- 
tine Heard commander. 

1814. July 28; Benjamin Goodhue, U. S. Senator, dies. 

1814. Oct. 1 ; Rev. Thomas Barnard, of the North Church, dies, 
aged 6G. 

1814. Dec. 14; Rev. Daniel Hopkins dies, aged 80. 

1815. June 17; George Crowninshield died, aged 81. 

1815. Oct. 14; William Orne died, aged 64. 

1816. Aug. 22; Great fire on Liberty Street, sixteen buildings des- 

ti-oyed. 

1816. Nov. 16; Almshouse ready for occupancy. 

1817. July 4 ; Simon Forrester dies, aged 69. 

1817. July 8; President Monroe visits Salem, and was received in the 
new Town Hall, the first public use of this building. 

1817. Oct. 1 ; Salem Charitable Mechanic Association organized. 

1818. Jan. 29 ; Salem Savings Bank incorporated. 

1818. Feb. 16; Essex Agricultural Society organized. Col. Timothy 
Pickering, fii'st president. 

1818. Present Custom House built bj^ order of Congress. 

1819. April 19 ; Commercial Bank incorp. First National, June, 1864. 

1820. Feb. 15 ; Salem Dispensary formed. 

1821. April 21 ; Essex Historical Society oi'ganized. 

1821. Nov. ; Brig "Thetis," Charles Fobes, master, arrived from Mad- 
agascar to N. L. Rogers & Bros. 

1823. Jan. 31 ; Exchange Bank incorporated. National, Feb. 18, 1865. 

1824. Feb. 9 ; Salem Marine Railway incorporated. 

1824. Feb. 7; Salem Lead Manufacturing Company incorporated. 
1824. June 12; Asiatic Bank incorporated. National, Feb. 1, 1865. 



317 

1824. Aug. 31; Lafayette visits Salem. 

1825. Nov. 3; William Gray dies at Boston. 

1826. Lead manufacture commenced in Salem, by Salem Lead Company 

on present site of Naumkeag Mills. 
1826. Feb. 15 ; Essex Marine Eailvvay incorporated. 

1826. May 8; Mercantile Bank incorporated. National, Jan. 10, 1865. 

1827. Aug. 11; First vessel to enter at Salem Custom House from 

Zanzibar; three masted sch. "Spy," Andrew Ward, master, to 
Nath. L. Rogers & Bros. 

1827. Nov. ; Lectures before the Essex Lodge. The beginning of the 

present system of Lyceum Lectures. 

1828. Jan. 2-1; First Lecture before the Salem Mechanic Association. 
1828. Aug. 13; Centennial birthday of Dr. E. A. Holyoke. 

1828. Sept. 18 ; Essex Historical Society celebrates the bicentennial 

anniversary of the landing of Endicott. 

1829. Jan. 29; Col. Timothy Pickering dies. 

1828. March 31; Dr. E. A. Holyoke dies, aged 100 yrs., 7 mos. 

1830. Jan. 18; Salem Lyceum organized. 

1830. Feb. 22 ; First lecture before the Salem Lyceum, by D. A. White. 

1830. April 6; Death of Capt. Joseph White. 

1830. Nov. 24; Thomas Perkins, merchant, died, aged 72. 

1831. Jan. 19; Lyceum Hall opened. 

1831. Mar. 17; Naumkeag Bank incorporated. National, Dec, 1864. 

1831. June 23; Police court established. 

1632. Ship "Tybee," Capt. Charles Millett, owned by N. L. Rogers 
& Brothers; first American vessel to enter the ports of Aus- 
tralia. 

1832. August; Ship "Eclipse," William Johnson, master, consigned 

to Joseph Peabody ; last entry at Salem, direct from Canton. 

1833. June 26 ; Visit of President Jackson. 
1833. Oct. 29 ; Visit of Henry Clay. 

1833. Dec. 23 ; Essex County Natural History Society organized. 

1836. Feb. 15 ; The town voted to adopt a city form of Government. 

1836. March 22 ; Act to establish the City of Salem passed the Legis- 
lature. 

1836. April 4; City charter accepted ; 617 yeas, 185 nays. 

1836. Apr. 14; Eastern RaiU'oad incorporated. 

1836. May 9; City Government organized; Leverett Saltoustall, 
Mayor, John G. King, President of Common Council. 

1838. March 16; Nathaniel Bovvditch died at Boston. 

1838. May 31 ; City Hall first used for meetings of the City Council. 

1838. Aug. 27 ; Eastern Railroad opened for travel to Boston. 

1839. Feb. 27; Salem Children's Friend Society organized. 
1839. Nov. — ; Mechanic Hall opened. 



318 

1839. Dec. 10; Eastern Railroad Branch from Salem to Marblehead 
opened. 

1839. Dec. 18 ; Eastern Railroad opened to IpsAvich. 

1840. Feb. 19 ; Harmony Grove Cemetery incorporated. 
1840. June 14; Harmony Grove Cemetery consecrated. 
1840. June 19 ; Eastern Railroad opened to Newburyport. 

1840. Nov. 9; Eastern Railroad opened to the New Hampshire line. 

1842. March 21 ; The stone Court House was first opened. The Court 

of Common Pleas commenced its session. 

1843. Aug. 10 ; Hon. Benjamin Pickmau died, aged 80. 

1844. Jan. 5 ; Joseph Peabody died, aged 8G. 

1844. Dec. 18 ; Great fire on Front street. 

1845. May 8; Hon. Leverett Saltonstall, first Mayor of Salem, died, 

aged 62. 

1845. Sept. 10; Joseph Story, Justice U. S. Supreme Court, died at 

Cambridge, aged 66. 
184C. May 5 ; Hon. John Pickering died at Boston, aged 69. 

1846. Aug. 31 ; Salem Academy of Music organized. 
1846. Oct. 22; Ichabod Tucker died, aged 81. 

1846. Nov.; Brig " Lucilla," D. Marshall, master, to Tucker D aland ; 
last entry at Salem from Sumatra. 

1846. Nov. 4 ; Hon. Dudley L. Pickmau died, aged 67. 

1847. Feb. 8 ; Naumkeag Steam Cotton Company commenced weaving. 
1847. May — ; Foundations laid for stone depot of Eastern Railroad. 
1847. May 31 ; First parade of the City Guards under Capt. R. H. Far- 
rant. 

1847. July 5 ; James K. Polk passed through Salem. 

1847. July 30; Benjamin Merrill, a distinguished lawyer, died, aged 

63. 

1848. Feb. 11; Essex Institute incorporated. 
1848. Sept. 5 ; Essex Railroad opened to Lawrence. 

1848. Oct. 27; Brig "Mary & Ellen," owned by S. C. Phillips, Capt. 

J. H. Eagleston, cleared for the Sandwich Isles, via California; 
first vessel from Massachusetts after the gold discovery. 

1849. June 12 ; First field meeting of Essex Institute at Danvers. 
1849. Sept. 24; First Exhibition of Salem Charitable Mechanic Asso- 
ciation. 

1849. Sept. 25; Philharmonic Society organized. 

1850. Aug. 1 ; Salem & Lowell Railroad opened. 

1850. Sept. — ; South Reading Branch Railroad opened. 
1850. April 4 ; Salem Gas Light Co. organized. 
1850. Dec. 17; The stores were lighted with gas for the first time. 
1850. July 14 ; Hon. Nathaniel Silsbee, U. S. Senator, died, aged 77 
years. 



319 

1851. Feb. 3; Benjamin W. Crowninsliiekl, M. C. and U. S. Sec. Navy, 
died iu Boston, aged 79. 

1851. Dec. 19; Nathaniel West, merchant, died, aged 9G years. 

1852. Feb. 22; Joseph E. Sprague, for many years sheriff of Essex, 

died aged 70. 

1853. July 3; Hon. Samuel Putnam died at Somerville, aged 85. 

1854. May 15; Caroline Plummer died, aged 71. 

1854. Sept. 14; Salera State Normal School dedicated. Address by 

Hon. G. S. Boutwell. E. Edwards, Principal. 

1855. Mar. 9 ; Salem Five Cents Savings Bank incorporated. 

1855. Nov.; Bark "Witch," consigned to Edward D. Kimball; last 

entry at Salem from Batavia. 

1856. March 18; Salem Classical and High School dedicated. Ad- 

dress by H. K. Oliver. 

1857. June 26 ; Hon. Stephen C. Phillips, member of Congress, sec- 

ond Mayor of Salem, died, a victim to a steamboat disaster 
on the St. Lawrence River, aged 5G. 
1857. July 26; Hon. John Glen King died, aged 70. 

1857. Oct. 6 ; Plummer Hall dedicated. Address by Rev. J. M. Hop- 

pin. 

1858. July; Bark "Di-agon," Thomas C. Dunn, master, entered from 

Manilla, consigned to Benj. A. West ; last entry at Salem from 
Manilla. 

1859. Jan. 28; William H. Prescott, the historian, died at Boston, 

aged 62. 

1859. June 8 ; Mansion House fire. 

1860. Oct. 21; Franklin Building fire. 

1860. Sept. 4 ; Fair of the Essex Institute opened in Mechanic Hall. 

1861. March 29 ; Hon. Daniel A. White, first President of Essex lu: 

stitute, died, aged 85. 

1861. April 18; Salem Light Infantry, Capt. Arthur F. Devereux, left 
Salera for Washington. (Three days after Pres. Lincoln's 
Proclamation.) 8th Regt. 

1861. April 19; City Government of Salem appropriated $15,000 for 
the benefit of families of Salem men enlisting for the war. 
(Other appropriations were subsequently made.) 

1861. April 20 ; Salem Mechanic Light Infantry, Capt. Geo. IT. Pier- 
son, and Salera City Guards, Capt. Henry Danforth, left Salera 
for Washington; joining the 5th Regt., M. V. 

1861. May 10 ; Field Hospital Corps raised by Rev. G. D. Wildes, D.D. 
This corps was raised iu Salera and vicinity, and composed 
of sixty volunteers. It was the first eflbrt for an ambulance 
department in the army. 

1861. May 10; Fitzgerald Guards, Capt. Edward Fitzgerald left for 
camp with the 9 th Reg. 



320 

18G1. May 14; The Andrew Light Guard, Company C, 2ad Regt., 
Capt. William Cogswell, left Salem to join the Regt. 

18G1. July 22; Essex Cadets (company raised by A. Parker Brown), 
Capt. Seth S. Buxtou, left Salem. 

ISGl. Sept. 3; First company of sharp-shooters (unattached), left the 
State for Washington. This company was armed with tele- 
scopic rifles. 

ISfil. Sept. 4; Company A, 23d Mass. Vols., Capt. Ethan A. P. Brew- 
ster, left Salem for camp in Lynnfield. 

18G1. Sept. 7; Company under Capt. John F. Devereux left Salem for 
camp. 

18G1. Sept. 30; Salem Union Drill Club, Capt. George M. Whipple, 
votes to enlist for the war. Oct. 18 the company joined the 
23d Regt. (Co. F) in camp at Lynnfield. 

18G1. Oct. 8; Second company of sharp-shooters, Capt. E. Weut- 
worth, attached to the 22d Reg., left for the front. 

ISGl. Oct. 31; 23d Regt., Col. John Kurtz, marched from camp at 
Lynnfield to Salem ; were reviewed on the Common by the 
City Government; collation served; the Regiment marched 
back to camp in the afternoon. 

18G1. Nov. 15; Co. H, 19th Reg., Capt. C. U. Devereux, commissioned 
(S. L. I.). 

1861. Nov. 20 ; Salem Artillery (4th Battery) Capt. C. H. Manning, left 

the State. 

18GI. Dec. 9; Capt. John Daland's and Capt. Geo. F. Austin's compa- 
nies, left the State for the front; both were in the 24th Reg., 
Col. Stevenson. 

18G1. Dec. 13; Salem Light Infantry under Capt. Cbas. U. Devereux, 
left for the seat of wai*. 

i8Gl. Dec. — ; Old Ladies' Home opened. 

1862. March 8 ; Funeral of Gen. F. W. Lauder. Address by Rev. G. 

W. Briggs in the South Church. 
1862. March 21 ; Funeral of Lieut. Col. Henry Merritt, 23rd Reg. 

Mass. Vol. 
1862. March 26 ; Fire Browne's Block, 226 Essex street. 
1862. May 26; Second company of Cadets, Maj. John L. Marks, mus- 
tered for garrison duty in the forts of Boston Harbor. 
1862. Aug. 22; Capt. S. C. Oliver's company in 3oth Reg. left the 

State. 
1862. Sept. 8; 40th Reg., Lieut. Col. J. A. Dalton, left the State for 

Washington. 
1862. Sept. 8; Co. B, 40th Reg., Capt. D. H. Johnson, left camp for 

Washington. 
1862. Sept. 8; Salem City Guards, 40th Reg., Capt. H. Danforth, left 

the State. 



321 

1862. Sept. 8; Company under Capt. R. Skinner, jr. (40tli Reg.), left 

the State. 
1862. Oct. i ; Salem Light Infantry Veteran Association organized. 
1862. Oct. 22; 5th Ileg., Col. Geo. II. Pierson, left Boston for New- 

bern, N. C. (nine month's service). 
1862. Nov. 19; Co. A, 50th Ileg., Capt. Geo. D. Putnam, left the State 

for Department of the Gulf. (Nine month's service.) 
1862. Dec. 21; Co. F, 11th Reg., Capt. J. F. Devereux, commissioned. 

1862. Dec. 27; Co. E, 48th Reg., Capt. Geo. Wheatland, jr., left the 

State for Department of the Gulf. 

1863. Jan. 25 ; New Jerusalem Church formed in Salem, Rev. T. W. 

Hayvvard, pastor. 
1863. March 19 ; Salem Union League formed, Rev. Geo. W. Briggs, 

president. 
1863. March 31 ; David Pingree, sixth Mayor of Salem, died. 
1863. July 8 ; Horse cars commenced to run between Salem and South 

Dauvers. 
1863. July 10; Drafting commenced In Salem at Lyceum, Hall under 

direction of Capt. D. H. Johnson, provost marshal. 
1863. Oct. 28 ; Horse cars to Beverly. 

1863. Nov. 16. 12th unattached company of Heavy Artillery, Capt. J. 

M. Richardson, occupied the forts on Salem Neck. 

1864. Horse cars to South Salem. 

1864. May 12 ; Salem Light Infiintry, Capt. R. W. Reeves, left Salem 

for one hundred days garrison duty. 
1864. May 13; Act passed by Massachusetts Legislature authorizing 

the city to take water from Wenham Pond or the aqueduct 

sources. 
1864. May 19 ; Nathaniel Hawthorne died at Plymouth, N. H., aged 60. 
1864. June 23 ; Company of Heavy Artillery, Capt. Joseph M. Parsons, 

left camp for Washington. 
1864. July 28; 5th Reg., Col. Geo. H. Peirson, left the State for one 

hundred days duty. 
1864. Sept. 22; Salem Freedmen's Aid Society formed; president, 

Alpheus Crosby. 

1864. Dec. 5 ; Act of Legislature on the water question accepted by the 

people; yes, 1623 votes; no, 151. 

1865. May 22 ; City Council of Salem passes an ordinance authorizing 

the Commissioners to commence operations on the Water 
Works. 

186G. May 14: Lynde Block destroyed by fire. 

1867. March 2 ; Peabody Academy of Science organized. 

1867. Oct. 31 ; Francis Peabody, third President of the Essex Insti- 
tute, died, aged 66. 



322 

18G7. Nov. 15; Phil. H. Sheridan, Post 34, Grand Army of the Eepub- 

lic, chartered. 
1868. April lo ; Commenced laying the distribution pipes of Water 

Works. 
1868. Oct. 9; Reservoir on Chipman Hill in Beverly completed. 
1868. Oct. 30; John A. xVndrew died. 
1868. Nov. 17; Salem Oratorio Society organized. 

1868. Dec. 25; Water in every part of the city for hydrants. 

1869. Feb. 1 ; First Public Performance of Salem Oratorio Society, 

"Haydn's Creation." 

1869. Feb. 8 ; Joseph Andrews, ninth Mayor of Salem, died. 

1869. April 21 ; Salem Fraternity rooms opened in Downing Block. 

1869. June 4; Horse Cars commenced running to North Salem. 

1869. Aug. 19 ; American Association for the Advancement of Sci- 
ence commenced its session in Salem. Museum of Peabody 
Academy of Science dedicated. 

18C9. Nov. 4; George Peabody died at London, aged 74, 

1869. Nov. 6; Tolls on Salem Turnpike and Chelsea Bridge abolished, 

henceforth a free public highway. 

1870. Feb. 8 ; Funeral of George Peabody at Peabody ; his remains 

deposited in Harmony Grove Cemetery. 

1870. May 1; Last entry from Zanzibar; bark "Glide" to John Ber- 
tram. 

1870. Oct. 31 ; Fair of the Essex Institute and Salem Oratorio Society 
commenced in Mechanic Hall ; first occupancy since the en- 
largement and alteration. 

1870. Sept. 23; Plummer Farm School on Winter Island opened. 

1870. Sept. 5; Asahel Huntington, eighth Mayor of Salem and second 
President of Essex Institute, died, aged 70. 

1870. Oct. 22; First lecture before the Salem Fraternity, by H. K. 

Oliver. 

1871. April 21; semi-centennial anniversary of the Essex Historical 

Society; noticed by the Essex Institute; address by A. C. 

Goodell, jr. 
1871. Oct. 3; The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign 

Missions commenced its sessions in Salem. 
1873. Feb. 19; Corporators of the Salem Hospital organized. 
1873. Mar. 5 ; Twenty-fifth anniversary of the Essex Institute noticed. 
1873. July ; Last entry from West Coast of Africa, Brig Ann Elizabeth 

from Sierra Leone, to Charles Hoflnian. 

1873. Dec. 16; One hundredth anniversary of the destruction of the 

Tea in Boston Harbor, commemorated by the Essex Institute; 
Hon. James Kimball delivered an address. 

1874. June 29 ; Hon. Joseph S. Cabot, fourth Mayor of Salem, died, 

a.aied 78. 



323 

1874. Oct. 1; First Patient received in Salem Hospital. 

1874. Oct. 5; Centennial Anniversary of the Meeting of the Provincial 

Legislature in Salem, Oct. 5, 1774, noticed by the Essex In- 
stitute; A. C. Goodell, jr., Esq., delivered an address. 

1875. Feb. 8; Centennial Anniversary of Leslie's Ketreat at North 

Bridge, Salem, noticed by the city authorities ; addresses by 
the Mayor, Hon. G. B. Loriug and Kev. E. B. Willson. 

1875. March 25 ; Holly Tree Inn opened. 

1875. June 14; Hon. Charles W. Upham, seventh Mayor of Salem, 
died, aged 73. 

1875. Dec. — ; Exhibition of Antique Furniture, etc., at Pluraraer 
Hall, by Ladies' Centennial Committee. 

187G. Apr. 19 ; Centennial Ball at Mechanic Hall given by Ladies' Cen- 
tennial Committee. 
■ 1876. May 8 ; Dedication of the City Hall extension. 

1877. Mar. 21; Last entry from Cayenne, and close of the foreign 
trade of Salem; sch. "Mattie F." to C. E. & B. H. Fabens. 

1877. Sept. 13 ; Salem Old Men's Home opened, admitted first inmates. 

1877. Dec. 12; Salem Old Men's Home incorporated. 

1878. Sept. IS; Commemorative Exercises at Mechanic Hall, by the 

Essex Institute, on the 250th anniversary of the landing of 
John Eudicott at Salem. 



INDEX OF NAMES. 



Abbot, 29.3. 

Abbott, 315. 

Adams, 88, 117, 153, 159, ICl, 285, 298. 

Ager, 7G. 

Alderman, 73. 

Allen, 66, 73, 76, 77, 82, 137, 285. 

Allyn, 41. 42. 

Allyne, 88. 

Anderson, 38, 40, 41. 

Andrew, 29, 68, 83, 87, 323. 

Andrews, 322. 

Andros, 279. 

Anthrop, 74. 

Antru, 73. 

Antrum, 73. 

Appletou, 32, 33, 70, 284, 287, 289. 291, 300, 

303. 
Archer, 63, 67, 68, 73, 81, 84, 90, 94, 96, 98, 

99, 309, 310. 
Arnold, 164. 
Ashton, 300. 
Atkinson, 304. 
Atwood, 181, .309,310. 
Austin, 310, 320. 
Avery, 76. 

Babbidge, 93, 94, 97. 

B.iche, 152, 153. 

Bacbelder, 73. 

Bachilor, 77. 

Brackenbury, 74. 

Backer, 97. 

Bacon, 78, 81, 245, 2.50, 310. 

Baggerly, 74. 

Bailey. 14, 21, 293, 298. 

Bailv, 14. 

Balch, 87, 145, 146, 147, 312, 

Baldwin, 78. 

Ballard, C5. 

Bancrolt, 130, 277. 

Bankes, 76. 

Banks, 77. 

Bann, 73. 

Baptiste, 92. 

Barker, 17, 92. 

Barlow, 298. 

Barnard, 71, 315, 316. 

Barr, 69. 

Barrett, 302. 

Barstow, 161, 288, 300. 

Bartlidloiiicw, 73. 

Bartlett, 2'.t:i, 298. 

Barton, 03, 67. 

Batchelder, 73, 310. 

Bates, 298. 

Batter, 84. 

Battin, 80. 

Batton, 67. 

Bavage, 78. 

Bayley, 14, 296. 

Beal, 82. 

Beans, 65. 

Beckct, 89, 92, 98, 100, 285. 

Beckett, 63. 



HIST. COLL. 



21 



Bcckford, 296. 

Beckinghams, 5. 

Bodney, 200. 

Bennet, 14. 

Bennett, 14, 80, 309. 

Bentlev, 80, 131, 202, 205, 206, 209, 210, 211. 

Bertram, 178, 307, 308, 322. 

Bezoill, 90. 

Blackleach, 77. 

Blackleecli, 76. «, 

BKancliard, .37. 

Blaney, 66. 

Blodgette, 14. 

Blunt, 8. 

Bl\ th, 66, 80. 

Boardman, 88, 285, 301. 

Bodlish, 310. 

Bolles, 118, 151, 297,'809, 310. 

Booth, 78. 

ISoots, 68. 

Bourne, 76. 

Boutwell, 319. 

Bowdich, 65. 

Bowdish, 83. 

Bowditch, 88, 125, 131, 152, 179, 222,301, 

306,314,317. 
Bowdoin, 310. 
Bowker, 310. 
Bownd, 73, 82. 
Bowrne, 82. 
Boynton, 14, 15. 
Bradbury, 291, 310, 
Bradford, 15, 32, 42, 259, 270, 271. 
Bradstreet, 15, 16, 279, 314. 
Biay, 90. 
Bravne, 74, 75. 

Brazer, 223, 284, 287, 289, 297, 302. 
Brewster, 320. 
Briggs, 100, 288, 320, 321. 
Broadstreet, 78. 
Brocas, 5. 
Brodstreet, 15. 
Broke, 2. 

Brooks, 108, 172, 195, 310. 
Brown, 67, 77, 79, 83, 91, 173, 297, ,305, 307, 

309, 310, .320. 
Browne, 73, 75, 87, 100, 150, 269, 272, 313, 

314. 
Browning, 73, 77. 
Buflington, 315. 
Hufliim, 214. 
Biilbiton, 63, 
Biillinch, 76. 
Bulliiige, 76. 
Bullock, 79. 
Burchall, 73. 
Bui-dsall, 73. 
Bui ke, 192. 
Burley, 294. 
Burnett, 314. 
Burnham, 291. 
Burpe, 16. 
Burpee, 16. 
Burpey, 16. 

(325) 



326 



Buvpy, 16. 
Bunfll. 100. 
Burroughs, 86. 
Bush, 83, 309. 
Butler, 8, 09. 
Buxton, 320. 

Cabbot, 65. 

(Jabot, 37, 44, 53, 54, 58, 59, 60, 94, 137, 292, 

300. 304, 3-22. 
,C aid well, 98. 
^Calerv, 5. 
Call, 304. 
Calley, 307. 
Calvin, 250, 272. 
Candish, 78, 83. 
Cane, 88. 
Carlton, 173. 
Carnes, 315. 
Carrill, 60. 
Carroll, 98, 100. 
Cassell, 113. 
Cave, 294. 
Chatlwick, 309. 
Chalmer, 268. 
Chandler, 42,290. 
Clianning, 299. 
Chaplin, 78. 
Chase, 309. 
Chauncy, 301. 
Clievalier. 97. 
Cheever, 85. 
Cheevers, 77, 82. 
Chever, 66. 
Chevers, 84. 
Chichester, 81. 
Child, 42. 
Chipman, 98, 307. 
Choate, 17, 117, 125, 161, 165, 166, 167, 173, 

223, 250, 286, 288, 294, 310. 
Chubb, 88, 93. 
Churchill, 110, 155, 310. 
Chute, 309. 
Clapp, 298. 
Clarencieux, 3. 

Clark, 14, 17, 18, 20, 30, 137. 309. 
Clarke, 35, 38, 39, 90, 301, 310. 
Clay, 162. 317. 
Cleveland, 301. 
Clerk, 73. 
Cliflford, 285. 
Clois, 77. 

Clough. 63, 64, 65, 67, 68, 69. 
Cloutman, 68, 92, 100. 
Coburn, 78. 
CockeriU, 79. 
Coddington, 193. 
Codnam, 82. 
Codrington, 8. 
Cot?swell, 17, 320. 
Coke. 277. 
Cole, 79. 
Collee, 5. 
Collings, 68. 

Collins, 78, 90, 91, 92, 94. 95, 06, 98. 
Colman, 137, 298, 302. 
Conant, 78, 114, 129, 145. 146, 147, 168, 109 

170, 207, 211, 212, 219, 254, 256, 312. 
Concklin, 76. 
Concklyne, 76. 
■Cook. 76, 79, 310. 
Cooke, 76. 



Cooper, 76. 

Cotton, 149. 

Corwin, 77, 314. 

Corwithy, 81. 

Cox, 88, 98. 

Cradock, 129, 156, 220, 260, 261, 268, 269, 

273, 274. 
Crain, 68. 
Crandall, 100. 
Creci, 17 
Cresey, 17. 
Cressey, 17. 

Cromwell. 3, 81, 246, 247, 278, 279, 
Cronenshilt, 285. 
Ciosby, 15,28,321. 
Crowell, 65. 
Crowninshield, 64, 98, 158, 1.59, 161, 223, 

285, 286, 288, 304, 306, 315, 316, 319. 
Cruff, 84. 

Cummins, SO, 286, 294, 295. 
Curtis, 99,298. 
Curwen, 72. 304, 310, 313. 
Curwithv. 77. 
Cushing; 295, 304. 
Cutler, 286, 298. 
Cults, 172. 

Dabuey, 315. 

]>aland, 318, 320. 

Dal ton. 309,320. 

Dana, 293. 

Dane, 117, 222.291,292. 

Dani'orth, 319, 320. 

Daniell, 83. 

Daniels, 87. 

Darby, 83. 

Darley, 220. 

Datten, 84. 

Davenport, 76. 

Davis, 17, 43, 292, 302, 310. 

Day, S3. 

Deadman. 80. 

Dean, 82. 284, 310. 

Deane, 51, 127. 268, 310. 

Deblois, 296, 298. 

DeGersdorf, 310. 

Delands, 69. 

Dennis, 78. 

Derby, 79, 92, 95, 130. 137, 1.57, 176, 177, 

198, 202, 213, 223, 285, 286, 306, 307, 310, 

315. 
Despencer, 4, 5. 
Devereux, 304, 319, 320, 321. 
Devinish, 76. 
Dexter, 298, 310. 
Diamond, 91. 
Dickerson, 76, 313. 
Dickinson. 17, 20. 
Digweed, 74. 
Diman. 88. 

Dodge, 76, 81, 137, 287, 301, 302, 304. 
Dolliver, 200. 
Dorrel, 95. 
Douglass, 84. 
Dounton, 77. 
Dove, 82. 
Downes, 57. 
Downing, 76, 123, 173. 
Dowse, 67. 
Dresser, 17. 19. 
Duckin field, 69. 
Dudley, 129, 149, 269, 274, 279. 303, 310. 



327 



Dummer, 22, 32. 






Flint. 32, 53, 79, 84, 92, 137, 223, 


286, 289, 


Duncan, 290. 






29S. 




Duulap, 86. 






Hoards. 67. 




Dunn, 319. 






Fobes, 316. 




Dutch, 200. 






Fogge, 76. 




Dutton, 37. 






Foot, 69. 81, 82, 98. 




Dwire, 87. 






Foote, 180, 310. 




Dyer, 86. 






Forbes. 88. 
b'orce, 255, 2.58. 


' 


Eagleston, 31S. 
Eastwick. 76. 




^ 


Forrester, 288, 316. 
■TFoster, S3. 81, 94, 286. 




Eaton. 297. 






Fowler, 309. 




Edey, 90, 93. 






Foy, 192. 




Edget, 89. 






Foye, 93. 




Edwards, 74, 76, 91, 319. 






Francis, 42. 




Elerson, 69. 






Franklin, 152, 294. 




Elford, 74. 






Franks, 310. 




-Elkins, 83, 84, 85, 88, 289, 303. 






Frazer, 18. 




Ellerd, 74. 






Freeman. 298. 




Ellis, 78, 290. 






Freestone, S3. 




Ellison, 80. 






Frothingham, 310.. 




Elsey, S3. 
Elson, 79. 






Frye, 201. 








Fuller, 78, 259, 270, 299. 




Elsworth, 18. 






Furlong, 89. 




Elwell, 76. 






Furnex, 84. 




Emerson, 83, 297. 










Emerton, 80. 






Gaflford, 73. 




Emilio, 309. 






Gage, 18, 22. 30. 




Emniertou. 70, 309, 310. 






Gahtman, 80. 




Endecot, 78. 






Gardiner, 84. 




Endecott, 76. 






Gardinr, 65. 




Endicott, 91, 101, 103, 110, 113, 


114, 


127, 


Gardner, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 74, 87 


306, 310, 


129, 1.30, 131, 136, 138, 1.39, 140, 


144, 


145, 


313. 




146, 147. 148, 150, 156, 157, 165, 


166, 


167, 


Garford, 73, 76. 




169, 170, 173. 174, 186, 187, 188, 


189, 


190, 


Gaveatt, 67. 




391, 193, 194, 207, 211, 212, 219, 


243, 


247, 


Gavet, 63, 69, 78. 




251, 2.52, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 


2.58, 


259, 


Gavets, 68. 




260, 262, 2G3, 264, 265, 266, 267, 


268, 


269. 


Gavett, 66, 69. 




270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 277, 


278, 


279, 


Gayton, 88. 98, 295. 




283, 295, 302, 310, 311, 312. 313, 


317. 




Gedney, 314. 




English, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 95, 


314. 




Gerrish, 314. 




Eks, 78. 






Gibbs, 288, 302. 




Estes, 79. 






Gibson, 18. 




Eston, 7, 8. 






Gidney, 78, 83. 




Everett, 115, 127, 159. 






Gidny, 83. 




Evoy, 91, 94, 95. 






Gifford. 204, 309, 310. 
Giles, 77. 
Gilman,99, 294, 302. 




Fabens, 323. 






Gilmore, 90. 




Fabins. 84. 






Glover, 61, 76, 80, 84. 




Fairfield. 93. 95, 100. 






Goffe, 220. , 
Golclthwaite, 84, 310. ^ 




Fairservice, SO. 








Farley, 304. 






Goldthwayt, 74. .-^ 




rarnliam, 288. 






Goldwhatye, 73. ^ 




Farrant, 318. 






Golt, 82. , 




Farrar. 115. 






Golthwrite, 73. --"^ 




Feild, 76. 






Goodale, 80. 




Felmingame, 76. 






Goodell, 103, 309, 322, 323. 




Felt, 70, 71, 75, 83, 172, 277, 298, 309. 




Goodhue, 80, 158, 305, 316. 




Felton, 73, 80. 






Gooll, 291, 300. 




Fenno, 310. 






Goose, 73. 




l^'ermaies, 76. 






Got, 77. 




Fermayes. 76. 






Gott, 74, 271. 




Fielden, .310. 






Govea, 309. 




Fisher, 299. 






' Goyte, 76. 




Fisk, 84. 






Grafton. 73, 74, 77. 




Fiske, 72, 73, 74, 76. 






Grant, 67. 68, 87. 88, 91. 




Fitch. 220. 






Graves, 76. 




Fits, 78, 79. 






Gray, 99. 130, 144, 177, 178. 223, 


269, 277, 


Fitz, 309. 




, 


307. 317. 




Fitzgerald, 319. 






Green, 32, 98, 310. 




Flag, 99. 






Greenleaf, 284. 





328 



Griffis, 84. 
Grigsby, 188. 
Grinslett, 79. 
Grose, 73. 
Grove, 310. 
Guild, 297. 
Gunnison, 99, 
Gunter, 89. 
Gutch, 76. 

Hacker, 201. 

Hadlock, 78, 83. 

Hagar, 309, 310. 

Hains, 83. 

Hale, 18, 28. 

Hall, 314, 316. 

Hammond, 16, 18, 19, 21, 22. 

Hannon, 86. 

Harbert, 76. 

Hardy, 73. 83, 286, 305. 

Harnett, 76. 

Harper, 310. 

Harrington, 100, 310. 

Harris, 16, 19, 27, 82, 199, 299, 302, 310. 

Hart, 19, 74, 298. 

Hartwell, 79. 

Harvey, 83. 

Haseltine, 19. 

Hasket, 83, 286. 

Haskett, 176, 306. 

Hathorne, 73, 76, 98, 206, 288, 313. 

Haven, 254. 

Hawkins, 90. 

Hawthorne, 131, 142, 174, 223, 316, 321. 

Haynes, 287, 292. 

Hayward, 321. 

Hazen, 25, 30. 

Heard, 310. 316. 

Hemans, 110. 

Henfleld, 84. 

Henly, 82. 

Herrick, 94. 

Hervey, 3. 

He was, 290. 

Hibbert, 21, 22. 

Hicks, 79. 

Hidden, 20. 

Hide, 8. 

Higgeson, 76. 

HiggiDSon,38, 46, 66, 71, 77, 78, 11.5, 129 
146, 148, 164, 174, 207, 220, 251, 258, 2(10, 
263, 264, 268, 269, 270, 271, 274, 312, 313, 
314. 

Hildeeley, 8. 

Hill, 108, .310. 

Hilliard, 72. 

Hindes, 73. 

Hinds, 73. 

Hirst, 83. 

Hobbs, 69. 

Hobson, 18, 19. 

Hodges, 87, 93. 94, 285, 301, 306, 311. 

Hodgkins, 20.» 

Hoffman, 137, 322. 

Hoges, 64. 

Holgrove, 76. 

Hollinwood, 81. 

Holm, 76. 

Holman, 03, 303. 

Holme, 74. 

Holmes, 74, 76, 159, 194, 290, 308. 



Holyoke, 115. 127, 152, 187, 202, 222, 284, 

299, 305, 317. 
Hood, 173. 
Hooker, 250. 
Hooper, 287. 
Hopcott, 76. 
Hopkins, 297, 316. 
Hopkinson, 16, 19, 20, 27, 30. 
Hoppin, 319. 
Home, 81. 
Horton, 87. y 
Hoskins, 20. ^ 
Hosmer. 94. 
Houghton, 37, 80. 
Howard, 78, 302. 
Howe, 79, 308, 311. 
Howes, 269, 294. 
Hubbard, 211, 254, 271, 300. 
Huger, 297. 
Humber, 77. 
Humphreys, 254. 
Humi)hy, 73. 

Hunt, 78, 296, 307, .309, 311 . 
Huntington, 44, 295, 296, 311, 322. 
Hurd, 287. 
Hutchinson, 51, 99, 257, 268, 269, 278. 

Ingalls, 69, 79. 287. 
Ingersol, 84, 85. 
Ingersoll, 64, 76, 81, 301. 
Ingols, 84, 85. 
Israel, 163, 164, 309, 311. 
Ives, 137, 197, 311. 

Jackson, 37. 4i, 54, 300, 317. 

Jacques, 199. 

Jaquish, 199. 

Jefferson, 158, 159, 160, 306. 

Jeffry, 301, 300. 

Jencks, 136.-' 

Jenkins, 311. 

Jenks, 302. 

Jennison, 13. 

Jewet, 20, 21. 

Jewett, 14, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 32. 

Johnson, 23, 149, 220, 274, 309, 312, 315, 

317, 320, 321. 
Jones, 298. 
Jonson, 23. 
Joseph, 200. 
Judson, 316. 
Juett, 20. 

Kehew, 309. 
Keisar, 78. 
Kelly, 76. 
Kenning, 81. 
Ketchum, 311. 
Kibbens, 78. 
Kilborn, 23, 24. 

Kimball, 63, 64, 103, 309. 311, 319, 322. 
.King, 64, 66, 95, 117, 193, 223, 289, 294, 296, 
304, 317, 319. 
Kippius, 82. 
Kirkland, 57. 
Kitchin, 75. 
Kittredge, 294. 
Knap, 79. 
Knight, 307. 
Kurtz, 320. 



329 



Lafayette, 317. 

Laiten, 24. 

Lakeman, 80. 

Lambert, 22, 24, 29, 86, 87, 89, 96. 

Lancaster, 24. 

Lander, 125, 291, 320. 

Lane, 96, 100. 

Lang:, 63. 80, 105, 200, 309, 311. 

Langden, 80. 

Larrabee, 100. 

Laskin, 84. 

Lathrop, 313, 

Law, 21, 313. 

Lawrence, 300. 

Leads, 78. 

Leavei-, 21. 

Leavitt, 292, 303. 

Lechmere, 52. 

Lee, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 4.5, 

46. 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 

58,59,60.300, 311. 
Lefavour, 309, 311. 
Lefavre, 89. 
Legro, 84. 
Legroe, 84. 
Legros, 308. 
Lemon, 74. 
Leslie, 171, 315, 323. 

Leverett, 292, 304. \ 

Lewis, 86. 
Light, 22. 
Lilley, 64. 

Lincoln, 115, 299, 311, 319. 
Lister, 64. 
Liszt, 173. 
Lodge, 54. 
Lord, 74, 295,296. 
Loring, 137, 155, 283, 323. 
Lortliop, 73, 77. 
Louvriere, 200. 
Lovett, 38. 
Lowell, 58. 
Lows, 67. 
Lufkins, 90. 
Luscomb, 79, 84. 
Luther, 272. 
Lynde, 220, 283, 314. 

Machado, 309. 

Mac Intire, 308. 

Mack, 89, 311. 

Mackallam, 78. 

Madison, 117, 161. 

Manning, 25, 69, 93, 136, 157, 285, 299, 309, 

311, 320. 
Mansfield, 186. 
Marks, 320. 
Marritt, 74, 76. 
Marsh, 83, 85. 
Marshal, 74. 

Marshall, 73, 74, 76, 79, 318. 
Marston, 78, 79, 85. 
3Iarstone, 76, 81. 
Martineau, 175. 
Mascol, 78. 
Mascoll, 64, 96. 
Mash, 79. 

Mason, 94, 95, 97, 303. 
Maston, 82, 83. 
Masury, 67, 86, 87, 95, 303. 
Mather, 170, 211. 
Maurie, 73, 



Maury, 76. 

Maurye, 76. 

Maverick, 73. 

Mayberry, 94. 

Maynwaring, 8. 

McGillchrist, 69. 

McKeen, 38. 

Meachum, 80, 298, 305. 

Mead, 288. 

Mendelsohn, 173. 

Merrick, 43. 

Merrill, 117, 288, 292, 293, 294, 311 318. 

IMerritt, 320. 

Messinger, 297. 

Micklefield, 200. 

Mighill, 14, 23, 25, 28. 

Miller, 284. 

Millet. 80, 86, 87, 89, 90, 94, 97, 308. 

Jlillett, 317. 

Mills, 105, 107, 111, 114, 311. 

Milton, 249. 

Misservy, 83. 

Missud, 113. 

Monarch, 200. 

Monroe, 117, 316. 

Montague, 5, 76. 

Montgomery, 79. 

Moody, 286. 

Moore, 73, 76. 82, 297, 311. 

More, 91, 247. , 

Morgan, 46. 

Morley, 4, 7. 

Morton, 258, 260, 271. 

Moses, 66. 

Moulton, 76, 311. 

Mousall, 76. 

Miichmore, 95. 

Mngford. 79, 99. 

Mullet, 200, 

Mumford, 200. 

Murray, 87, 99. 

Murry, 78. 

Myrrel, 74. 

Neal, 79, 83. 

Neat, 84. 

Negrove, 63. 

Nelson, 25, 26. 

Nevins, 311. 

Newell, 42, 137, 316. ' 

Nichol, 4. 6. 

Nichols, 137, 284, 299, 300. 

Norcross, 76. 

Norice, 81. 

Norman, 74, 99, 168. 

Northern, 17. 

Northend, 15, 16, 17, 24, 26, 29. 

Northey, .304. 

Norrice, 720. 

Norris, 294, 313. 

Norton,79, 81,83, 313. 

Nott, 316. 

Nourse, 311. 

Noyce, 68. 

Nunns, 64. 

Nurs, 69. 

Nurse, 83. 

Nutting, 79. 

Obear, 64. 
Odel, 79. 
Odell, 99. 



330 



255, 



180, 
321, 



Olcutt, 286. 

Oldham, 2G3. 

Oliver, 121, 122, 124, 159, 200, 202, 283, 311, 

315, 319, 320, 322. 
Olny, 73. 

Orne, 52, 65, 214, 287, 292, 301, 314, 316. 
Osborn, 26. 
Osborne, 76, 309. 
Osgood. 66. 93, 288, 295, 309. 
Ostinelli, 201. 



Packer. 84. 

Piicy, 75, 76. 

Page, 295, 297, 300. 

Paine, 48, 49, 292. 

Paiiiell, 5. 

Palfray, 89, 296. 311. 

Palfrey, 91, 99, 130, 145, 146, 147, 251, 

2.56, 258, 272, 273, 278, 312. 
Palfrye, 76. 
Palmer, 26. 
Papanti, 201. 
Parker, 69, 87. 
Parkins, 4, 9. 
Parknian, 42. 
Parkyns, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7. 
Parr, 128. 
Parret, 20. 
Parris, 220. 

Parsons, 32, 38, 90, 286, 321. 
Patch, 75. 
Patterson, 91. 
Payson, 26, 27, .32. 
Peabouv, 46, 130, 135, 137, 145, 178, 

223, 294, 302, 303, 307, 311, 317, 318, 

322. 
PeJil,' 80. 
Peall, 63. 
Pearly, 28. 

Pearson, 16, 23, 25, 27, 28. 
Peas, 77, 78. 
Pease, 80. 
Pedrick. 283, 305. 
; Peele, 289, 303, 315. 
Peeter, 75. 

Peirce, 125, 131, 151, 303, 311. 
Peirson, 284, 300, 311, 321. 
Pengry, 29. 
Penniwel, 78. 
Perchard, 308. 
Perkins, 1, 3, 4, 5. 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13 

317. 
Perkyns, 2, 5. 
Perley, 23. 

Peters, 75, 99, 164, 207, 208, 313. 
Pettingall, 76. 
Philips, 79. 
Phillips, 25, 32, 33, 37, 86, 87, 97, 162, 

288,318,319. 
Philpott, 3. 
Phipeny, 77. 
Phippen, 67, 93, 95, 311. 
Phips, 14, .52. 
Pickard, 15. 16. 21, 28. 
Pickering, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 52 

82, 83, 84, 85, 117, 131, 137, 1.57, 160, 

223, 284, 285, 288, 290, 291, 292, 299, 

314,315,316,317,338. 
Pickett 311. 
Pickman, 64, 80, 89, 130, 159, 160, 223, 

286, 288, 295, 303, 311, 314, 318. 



94, 



223, 



, .59, 
163, 
301, 



284, 



Pierce, 20, 79, 298. 
Pierpont. 79. 
Pierson, 319,321. 
Pilgrim, 82. 
Pingre, 29. 
Pingree, 321. 
Pitman, 77. 
Plaisted, 79. 
Plats, 16, 24, 29. 
Plowden, 7. 
Plummer, 319. 
Polk, 318. 
Poore, 137. 
Porteingill. 69. 

Porter, 68, 74, 76, 82, 83, 294, 306. 
Potter, 77, 81. 
Pratt, 84. 
Prentice, 305. 

Prescott, 131, 223, 292, 294, 302, 315, 319. 
Preston, 88, 91, 96. 
Prettice, 79. 
Price, 313. 
Prime, 18, 29. 

Prince, 201, 223, 290, 296, 315. 
Proctor, 84, 137, 303. 

Putnam, 82, 83, 100, 117, 121, 131, 137, 172, 
223, 283, 287, 289, 291, 292, 293, 294, 296, 

300, 302, 303, 309, 311, 316, 319, 321. 
Pynchon, 220, 283. 

Quincy, 115, 127, 159, 160, 292, 299. 

Ramsey. 190. 

Rand, 42. 

Ratchliflfes, 90. 

Rawlins, 284. 

Rav. 73, 74. 

Raymond, 79, 80. 

Read, 76, 158. 

Rea<le, 5. 

Reddington, 77. 

Keed, 93. 287, 297, 305, 305, 

Reeves, 79, 80, 321. 

Renolds, 81. 

Reyner, 19. 

Rice, 119, 139, 311, 316. 

Richards, 29. 

Richardson, 66, 91, 94, 316, 321. 

Richie, 305. 

Right, 68, 69. 

Rising, 77. 

Rittenhouse, 152. 

Rix, 78. 

Robinson, 75, 296, 311. 

Rochstein, 98. 

Rogers. 22, 31, 79, 94, 223, 287, 304, 311, 

316, 317. 
Rootes, 81. 
Ropes, 66, 67, 68, 83, 92, 94, 96, 287, 300, 

301, 304, 308, 311, 315. 
Rose, 49, 82. 
Roswell, 254, 260. 
Rowell, 69. 

Ruck, 68, 76, 77, 81, 84. 
Rue, 96. 
Russell, 311. 
Rust, 68. 
Rylee, 29. 

Safford, 311. 
Salisbury, 255. 



331 



Saltonstall, 117, 122, 129, 131, 137, 146, 147, 

149, KQ, lfi(i, 173, 2-'0, 223, 274, 289, 290, 

292,295, 311,317,318. 
Sanders, 74, 289, 303. 
Sarve, C5. 
Saunders, 316. 
Savage, 64, 74, 83, 85, 200. 
Sa-\V3'er, 29. 
Scott, 29, 122, 295. 
Scudder, 76. 
Searle, 88, 93, 95. 
Seas, 80. 
Selden,4. 
Sennert, 90. 
Sever, 297. 
Sewal, 83. 

Sewall, 15, 78, 283, 291, 301, 314. 
Sewell, 24, 65, 220. 
Shakspeare, 250. 
Sharpe, 263. 
Shaw. 67, 298. 
Sheffield, 114. 
Shehane, 89. 
Shelton. 73, 74. 
Shepard, 32. 
Sheridan, 323. 
Shillaber, 295. 
Shipton, 4. 
Sidney, 250. 
Sillimau, 297. 

Silsbee, 91, 130, 160, 161, 175, 177, ISO, 223, 
' 283, 285, 286, 288, 304, 311, 318. 
Silver, 311. 
Simonds, 309, 312. 
Simons, 84. 
Skelton, 73, 85, 220, 260, 263, 269, 270, 271, 

312. 
Skerry, 73, 74. 
Skerv, 82. 
Skinner, 321. 
Slocum, 98. 
Smith, 76, 77, 87, 91, 92, 93, 302, 303, 307, 

308, 309. 
Southcote, 254. 
Southerick, 83. 
Southwick, 74, 170. 
Sparliawk, 303. 
Spencer, 14. 199. 
Spenser, 250. 
Spiller, 309. 
Spooner, 74. 
Sprague, 159, 293, 319. 
Squires, 93. 
Stackhouse, 82. 
Stacy, 77, 81. 
Standly, 67. 
Standley, 63, 64, 65, 66. 
Stanley, 63, 128, 139, 140, 141, 308, 312. 
Stearns, 293. 
Stedman,293. 
Steevens, 76. 
Stephens, 80. 99, 
Stevens, 80, 99. 
Stevenson, 320. 
Steward, 3, 4, 87. 
St. George, 8. 
Sti«kne, 29. 
Stickney, 29, 30, 34. 
Stileman, 77, 81. 
Stillman, 297. 
Stinipson, 309,312. 
Stocker, 92. 



Stone, 81, 86, 292, 299, 312. 

Storer, 302. 

Story. 110, 115, 117, 125, 127, 131, 159, 160, 

193, 217, 218, 283, 284, 286, 290, 292, 294, 

295, 305, 318. 
Stoughton, 220. 
Stretton. 73, 74. 
Strong, 291. 
Strout, 95, 198. 
Sturgis, 44. 
Sullivan, 313. 
Sutton, 137, 309. 
Swasev, 98. 
Swett, 83. 
Swiniierton, 80. 
Syle, 30. 

Taber, 297. 

Taply, 78. 

Tayler, 7. 

Taylor, 55. 93. 

Tenney, 20, 30. 

Thacher, 82. 

Tliayer, 89. 

Thomas, 79. 

Thompson. 91. 

Thornton, 2.59. 

Thoroton, 3. 

Thurston. 22. 

Ticknor, 115. 

Tilgliman, 292. 

Titoombe, 92. 

T<Hld, 27, 30. 

Tompson, 76. 

Tappan, 286, 303. 

Torrey, 30. 

Town, 77. 

Towne, 76, 186, 309. 

Townsend. 99, 284. 

Tozzer, 98. 

Trask, 21, 136. 

Treadwoll, 304. 

Trow, 99. 

True, 200. 

Tucker, 117, 292, 296, 318. 

Tuckerman. 312. 

Turner, 1, 74. 

Twist, SO. 

Tvle, 78. 

Tyler, 287. 

Tyndale, 248. 

Underwood. 7, 64. 

Ul>liam. 70, 71, 72, 103, 163, 208, 213, 223, 
285, 290. 297, 299, 303, 301, 309, 312, 323. 
Upton, 289. 

Valpey, 93. 

Valpy, 94, 97. 

Vane, 163. 

Van Schalkwych, 287. 

Varnuni, 290. 

Vassall, 52, 220. 

Vaudin, 308. 

Veary, 68. 

Venn, 257. 

Vennor, 75. 

Venor, 82. 

Venus, 81. 

Veren, 76. 

Verens, 75. 

Very, 107, 312. 



332 



Vial, 284. 
Vincent, 91, 99. 
Vinson, 76. 

Wainwright, 12. 

Wait, 51. 

Waite, 304. 

Walcot, 83. 

Waldo, 283, 297. 

Walker, 76, 77, 288. 

Walley, 295. 

Walls, 65. 

Walsh, 295. 

Ward, 66. 69, 84, 97, 299, 304, 307, 317. 

Ware, 42, 137. 

Warner, 49. 

Warren, 297. 

Washington, 117, 202, 285. 

Waterhouse, 299. 

Waters, 73, 81, 89, 116, 284, 295. 

Waterson, 127. 

Waye, 81,82. 

Webb. 69, 86, 88, 90, 94, 99, 100, 180, 296, 

302, 304, 312. 
Webber, 80. 312. 
Webster, 115, 127, 159, 312. 
Wellcome, 66. 
Wellman, 89, 96, 100. 
Wells, 65. 
Welman, 96. 
Wendell, 159. 
Wentworth, .320. 

West, 69, 78, 84, 110, 176, 312, 315, 319. 
Weston, 74, 100. 
Wetmore, 283, 287, 291. 
Wharton, 191. 
Wheatland, 98, 103, 114, 126, 180, 186, 188, 

189, 192, 194, 283, 309, 312, 321. 
Wheeler, 20, 77, 79. 
Whetcombe, 254. 
Whichwood, 4. 

Whipple, 185, 190, 191, 309, 312, 320. 
Whitaker, 314. 
White, 70, 71, 72, 76, 78, 86. 95, 117, 165, 

211, 223, 255. 2.58, 284, 287, 289, 290, 291, 

292, 301, 304, 305, 317, 319. 
Whitefleld, 314. 
Whitefoot, 94. 
Whitfords, 89. 



Whittier, 191. 

Wicom, 22, 30,31. 

Widger, 89. 

Wiggles worths, 152. 

Wilder, 133, 140, 287, 312. 

Wildes, 319. 

Wilkins, 81, 83. 

Willard, 79, 289, 305. 

Williams, 67, 74, 84, 193, 207, 208, 220, 298 
309, 312. 

Willis, 78, 290. 

Willoughby, 67. 

Willson, 35, 323. 

Wilson, 149. 

Wiuchecombe, 8. 

Wiugate, 39, 85, 284. 

Winn, 301. 

Winsor, 42. 

Winthrop, 37, 51, 115, 126, 129, 1.30, 131, 
139, 141, 145, 146, 147, 148, l.TO, 1.52, 155, 
156, 159, 166, 167, ISO, 251, 253, 257, 259, 
268, 269, 274, 275, 279, 288, 312. 

Wirt, 286. 

Wolcot, 84. 

Wood, 29, 31. 

WOodbary. 31. 

Woodberv, 81. 

Woodbridge, 288. 

Woodbnrn, 38. 

Woodbury, 38, 145, 146, 147, 189, 312. 

Woodhey, 81. 

Woodkind, 89. 

Woodman, 31, 69, 97. 

AVoodwell, 80,84. 

Woolcot, 78, 83. 

Wooll'e, 73. 

Woolsey, 247. 

Worby, 69. 

Worcester, 298. 

Wotton, 250. 

Wright, 76. 

Wyatt, 90. 

Wyman, 89. 

Wythenll, 84. 

Yell, 80. 

Young, 54, 64, 211, 258, 259, 268, 274, 301. 

Younge, 254. 



ERRATA. 



Page 108, 16 lines from top, fullflll read fulfil. 

Page 152, 10 lines from top, Rittenliouso read Rittenhouse. 

Page 152, 22 lines from top, academies read academicians. 

Page 167, .30 lines from top, Aspinum read Arpinum. 

Page 176, 17 lines from top, for Haskett read Hasket. 

Page 180, 2 lines from lop, 1820 read 1823. 

Page 290, 5 lines from top, for Henry .James read James Henry. 

Page 301, 21 lines from top, for county read country. 

Page 306, 25 lines from top, Haskett read Hasket. 

Page 319, 37 lines from top, Pierson read Peirson. 

Page 321, 4 lines from top, Piersou read Peirson, 



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Ci. 



